Translational adaptation of human viruses to the tissues they infect

Viruses need to hijack the translational machinery of the host cell for a productive infection to happen. However, given the dynamic landscape of tRNA pools among tissues, it is unclear whether different viruses infecting different tissues have adapted their codon usage toward their tropism. Here, w...

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Main Authors Hernandez-Alias, Xavier, Schaefer, Martin, Serrano, Luis
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LanguageEnglish
Published Cold Spring Harbor Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press 07.04.2020
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Abstract Viruses need to hijack the translational machinery of the host cell for a productive infection to happen. However, given the dynamic landscape of tRNA pools among tissues, it is unclear whether different viruses infecting different tissues have adapted their codon usage toward their tropism. Here, we collect the coding sequences of over 500 human-infecting viruses and determine that tropism explains changes in codon usage. Using an in silico model of translational efficiency, we validate the correspondence of the viral codon usage with the translational machinery of their tropism. In particular, we propose that the improved translational adaptation to the upper respiratory airways of the pandemic agent SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus could enhance its transmissibility. Furthermore, this correspondence is specifically defined in early viral proteins, as upon infection cells undergo reprogramming of tRNA pools that favors the translation of late counterparts.
AbstractList Viruses need to hijack the translational machinery of the host cell for a productive infection to happen. However, given the dynamic landscape of tRNA pools among tissues, it is unclear whether different viruses infecting different tissues have adapted their codon usage toward their tropism. Here, we collect the coding sequences of over 500 human-infecting viruses and determine that tropism explains changes in codon usage. Using an in silico model of translational efficiency, we validate the correspondence of the viral codon usage with the translational machinery of their tropism. In particular, we propose that the improved translational adaptation to the upper respiratory airways of the pandemic agent SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus could enhance its transmissibility. Furthermore, this correspondence is specifically defined in early viral proteins, as upon infection cells undergo reprogramming of tRNA pools that favors the translation of late counterparts.
Author Hernandez-Alias, Xavier
Serrano, Luis
Schaefer, Martin
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Cites_doi 10.1101/2020.02.27.969006
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Copyright 2020. This article is published under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (“the License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.
2020, Posted by Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
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Keywords SARS-CoV-2
tRNA
tropism
translation
coronavirus
tissue
codon usage
Language English
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Snippet Viruses need to hijack the translational machinery of the host cell for a productive infection to happen. However, given the dynamic landscape of tRNA pools...
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SubjectTerms Adaptation
Coronaviruses
COVID-19
Pandemics
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
Systems Biology
Translation
tRNA
Tropism
Viruses
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Title Translational adaptation of human viruses to the tissues they infect
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