Leaders' smiles reflect cultural differences in ideal affect

• Published in: Emotion (Washington, D.C.) Vol. 16; no. 2; p. 183
• Main Authors: Tsai, Jeanne L, Ang, Jen Ying Zhen, Blevins, Elizabeth, Goernandt, Julia, Fung, Helene H, Jiang, Da, Elliott, Julian, Kölzer, Anna, Uchida, Yukiko, Lee, Yi-Chen, Lin, Yicheng, Zhang, Xiulan, Govindama, Yolande, Haddouk, Lise
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States 01.03.2016
• Subjects: Affect; Arousal; China; Cross-Cultural Comparison; Cultural Characteristics; Democracy; Ethnic Groups - psychology; Female; Gross Domestic Product; Humans; Internationality; Leadership; Male; Politics; Smiling; Taiwan; United States; Universities - manpower

Cultures differ in the emotions they teach their members to value ("ideal affect"). We conducted 3 studies to examine whether leaders' smiles reflect these cultural differences in ideal affect. In Study 1, we compared the smiles of top-ranked American and Chinese government leaders, c...