Downward migration of radiocaesium in organic soils across a transect in Scotland
Following the accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant in 1986, radioactive materials including 137Cs were distributed over large parts of the former Soviet Union and Europe. Due to the relatively long physical half-life of 137Cs (30.1 y) measurable activity concentrations can still be observed...
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| Published in | Journal of environmental radioactivity Vol. 115; pp. 124 - 133 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
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Kidlington
Elsevier Ltd
01.01.2013
Elsevier |
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| Online Access | Get full text |
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| Abstract | Following the accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant in 1986, radioactive materials including 137Cs were distributed over large parts of the former Soviet Union and Europe. Due to the relatively long physical half-life of 137Cs (30.1 y) measurable activity concentrations can still be observed in the natural environment. We have determined the depth distribution of 137Cs from the testing of nuclear weapons in the atmosphere and Chernobyl, in eight highly-organic soils along an approximately east to west transect across the Central Highlands of Scotland. The 137Cs activity concentrations in the soil profiles, corrected for radioactive decay to May 1986, were between 2.8 and 14.4 kBq m−2. There were differences in the pattern of distribution of 137Cs in the soil profiles. The mean migration depth of 137Cs in the soil profiles was 12.2 cm with a range between 8.2 and 17.4 cm. Quantitative mineralogical analysis of the ash obtained after heating the soil to 400 °C indicated that clay minerals alone did not have a prime role in controlling the migration of 137Cs down the profile.
► In 1986 the Chernobyl accident contaminated soils across Europe with 137Cs. ► In 2008/2010 we measured 137Cs in 8 peaty soils from a transect across Scotland. ► The 137Cs activities were between 2.8 and 14.4 kBq m−2, decay corrected to 1986. ► The mean migration depths of 137Cs were between 8.2 and 17.4 cm. ► Clay minerals alone in the soils did not control the downward migration of 137Cs. |
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| AbstractList | Following the accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant in 1986, radioactive materials including 137Cs were distributed over large parts of the former Soviet Union and Europe. Due to the relatively long physical half-life of 137Cs (30.1 y) measurable activity concentrations can still be observed in the natural environment. We have determined the depth distribution of 137Cs from the testing of nuclear weapons in the atmosphere and Chernobyl, in eight highly-organic soils along an approximately east to west transect across the Central Highlands of Scotland. The 137Cs activity concentrations in the soil profiles, corrected for radioactive decay to May 1986, were between 2.8 and 14.4 kBq m−2. There were differences in the pattern of distribution of 137Cs in the soil profiles. The mean migration depth of 137Cs in the soil profiles was 12.2 cm with a range between 8.2 and 17.4 cm. Quantitative mineralogical analysis of the ash obtained after heating the soil to 400 °C indicated that clay minerals alone did not have a prime role in controlling the migration of 137Cs down the profile.
► In 1986 the Chernobyl accident contaminated soils across Europe with 137Cs. ► In 2008/2010 we measured 137Cs in 8 peaty soils from a transect across Scotland. ► The 137Cs activities were between 2.8 and 14.4 kBq m−2, decay corrected to 1986. ► The mean migration depths of 137Cs were between 8.2 and 17.4 cm. ► Clay minerals alone in the soils did not control the downward migration of 137Cs. Following the accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant in 1986, radioactive materials including (137)Cs were distributed over large parts of the former Soviet Union and Europe. Due to the relatively long physical half-life of (137)Cs (30.1 y) measurable activity concentrations can still be observed in the natural environment. We have determined the depth distribution of (137)Cs from the testing of nuclear weapons in the atmosphere and Chernobyl, in eight highly-organic soils along an approximately east to west transect across the Central Highlands of Scotland. The (137)Cs activity concentrations in the soil profiles, corrected for radioactive decay to May 1986, were between 2.8 and 14.4 kBq m(-2). There were differences in the pattern of distribution of (137)Cs in the soil profiles. The mean migration depth of (137)Cs in the soil profiles was 12.2 cm with a range between 8.2 and 17.4 cm. Quantitative mineralogical analysis of the ash obtained after heating the soil to 400 °C indicated that clay minerals alone did not have a prime role in controlling the migration of (137)Cs down the profile.Following the accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant in 1986, radioactive materials including (137)Cs were distributed over large parts of the former Soviet Union and Europe. Due to the relatively long physical half-life of (137)Cs (30.1 y) measurable activity concentrations can still be observed in the natural environment. We have determined the depth distribution of (137)Cs from the testing of nuclear weapons in the atmosphere and Chernobyl, in eight highly-organic soils along an approximately east to west transect across the Central Highlands of Scotland. The (137)Cs activity concentrations in the soil profiles, corrected for radioactive decay to May 1986, were between 2.8 and 14.4 kBq m(-2). There were differences in the pattern of distribution of (137)Cs in the soil profiles. The mean migration depth of (137)Cs in the soil profiles was 12.2 cm with a range between 8.2 and 17.4 cm. Quantitative mineralogical analysis of the ash obtained after heating the soil to 400 °C indicated that clay minerals alone did not have a prime role in controlling the migration of (137)Cs down the profile. Following the accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant in 1986, radioactive materials including ¹³⁷Cs were distributed over large parts of the former Soviet Union and Europe. Due to the relatively long physical half-life of ¹³⁷Cs (30.1 y) measurable activity concentrations can still be observed in the natural environment. We have determined the depth distribution of ¹³⁷Cs from the testing of nuclear weapons in the atmosphere and Chernobyl, in eight highly-organic soils along an approximately east to west transect across the Central Highlands of Scotland. The ¹³⁷Cs activity concentrations in the soil profiles, corrected for radioactive decay to May 1986, were between 2.8 and 14.4 kBq m⁻². There were differences in the pattern of distribution of ¹³⁷Cs in the soil profiles. The mean migration depth of ¹³⁷Cs in the soil profiles was 12.2 cm with a range between 8.2 and 17.4 cm. Quantitative mineralogical analysis of the ash obtained after heating the soil to 400 °C indicated that clay minerals alone did not have a prime role in controlling the migration of ¹³⁷Cs down the profile. Following the accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant in 1986, radioactive materials including Cs-137 were distributed over large parts of the former Soviet Union and Europe. Due to the relatively long physical half-life of Cs-137 (30.1 y) measurable activity concentrations can still be observed in the natural environment. We have determined the depth distribution of Cs-137 from the testing of nuclear weapons in the atmosphere and Chernobyl, in eight highly-organic soils along an approximately east to west transect across the Central Highlands of Scotland. The Cs-137 activity concentrations in the soil profiles, corrected for radioactive decay to May 1986, were between 2.8 and 14.4 kBq m(-2). There were differences in the pattern of distribution of Cs-137 in the soil profiles. The mean migration depth of Cs-137 in the soil profiles was 12.2 cm with a range between 8.2 and 17.4 cm. Quantitative mineralogical analysis of the ash obtained after heating the soil to 400 degrees C indicated that clay minerals alone did not have a prime role in controlling the migration of Cs-137 down the profile. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Following the accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant in 1986, radioactive materials including (137)Cs were distributed over large parts of the former Soviet Union and Europe. Due to the relatively long physical half-life of (137)Cs (30.1 y) measurable activity concentrations can still be observed in the natural environment. We have determined the depth distribution of (137)Cs from the testing of nuclear weapons in the atmosphere and Chernobyl, in eight highly-organic soils along an approximately east to west transect across the Central Highlands of Scotland. The (137)Cs activity concentrations in the soil profiles, corrected for radioactive decay to May 1986, were between 2.8 and 14.4 kBq m(-2). There were differences in the pattern of distribution of (137)Cs in the soil profiles. The mean migration depth of (137)Cs in the soil profiles was 12.2 cm with a range between 8.2 and 17.4 cm. Quantitative mineralogical analysis of the ash obtained after heating the soil to 400 °C indicated that clay minerals alone did not have a prime role in controlling the migration of (137)Cs down the profile. Following the accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant in 1986, radioactive materials including 137Cs were distributed over large parts of the former Soviet Union and Europe. Due to the relatively long physical half-life of 137Cs (30.1 y) measurable activity concentrations can still be observed in the natural environment. We have determined the depth distribution of 137Cs from the testing of nuclear weapons in the atmosphere and Chernobyl, in eight highly-organic soils along an approximately east to west transect across the Central Highlands of Scotland. The 137Cs activity concentrations in the soil profiles, corrected for radioactive decay to May 1986, were between 2.8 and 14.4 kBq m−2. There were differences in the pattern of distribution of 137Cs in the soil profiles. The mean migration depth of 137Cs in the soil profiles was 12.2 cm with a range between 8.2 and 17.4 cm. Quantitative mineralogical analysis of the ash obtained after heating the soil to 400 °C indicated that clay minerals alone did not have a prime role in controlling the migration of 137Cs down the profile. |
| Author | Wendler, R. Thored, K. Rosén, K. Hillier, S. Shand, C.A. |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: C.A. surname: Shand fullname: Shand, C.A. email: charles.shand@hutton.ac.uk organization: Environmental & Biochemical Science Group, The James Hutton Institute, Craigiebuckler, Aberdeen AB15 8QH, UK – sequence: 2 givenname: K. surname: Rosén fullname: Rosén, K. organization: Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SLU, Box 7014, SE-75007 Uppsala, Sweden – sequence: 3 givenname: K. surname: Thored fullname: Thored, K. organization: Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SLU, Box 7014, SE-75007 Uppsala, Sweden – sequence: 4 givenname: R. surname: Wendler fullname: Wendler, R. organization: Environmental & Biochemical Science Group, The James Hutton Institute, Craigiebuckler, Aberdeen AB15 8QH, UK – sequence: 5 givenname: S. surname: Hillier fullname: Hillier, S. organization: Environmental & Biochemical Science Group, The James Hutton Institute, Craigiebuckler, Aberdeen AB15 8QH, UK |
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| Keywords | Clay minerals X-ray diffraction Chernobyl Pollution Radioactivity 137Cs Cesium 137 Radioactive pollution Pollutant behavior Migration Radioisotope Soil pollution Spatial variation X ray diffraction Radioactivity measurement Nuclear weapon Transport process Cs Fission reactor accidents |
| Language | English |
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| Snippet | Following the accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant in 1986, radioactive materials including 137Cs were distributed over large parts of the former... Following the accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant in 1986, radioactive materials including ¹³⁷Cs were distributed over large parts of the former... Following the accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant in 1986, radioactive materials including (137)Cs were distributed over large parts of the former... Following the accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant in 1986, radioactive materials including Cs-137 were distributed over large parts of the former... |
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| SubjectTerms | 137Cs Aluminum Silicates Aluminum Silicates - analysis analysis Applied sciences Cesium Radioisotopes Cesium Radioisotopes - analysis Chernobyl Chernobyl Nuclear Accident Clay minerals Earth sciences Earth, ocean, space Engineering and environment geology. Geothermics Environmental Sciences Environmental Sciences related to Agriculture and Land-use Exact sciences and technology half life highlands Markvetenskap Miljö- och naturvårdsvetenskap Miljövetenskap nuclear power organic soils Pollution Pollution sources. Measurement results Pollution, environment geology Radiation Monitoring Radioactivity Scotland Soil Soil - analysis Soil and sediments pollution soil heating Soil Pollutants, Radioactive Soil Pollutants, Radioactive - analysis soil profiles Soil Science USSR X-ray diffraction |
| Title | Downward migration of radiocaesium in organic soils across a transect in Scotland |
| URI | https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvrad.2012.08.003 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22935438 https://www.proquest.com/docview/1124757302 https://www.proquest.com/docview/1663543552 https://res.slu.se/id/publ/53445 |
| Volume | 115 |
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