Electrical Stimulation of Visual Cortex: Relevance for the Development of Visual Cortical Prosthetics
Electrical stimulation of the cerebral cortex is a powerful tool for exploring cortical function. Stimulation of early visual cortical areas is easily detected by subjects and produces simple visual percepts known as phosphenes. A device implanted in visual cortex that generates patterns of phosphen...
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| Published in | Annual review of vision science Vol. 3; no. 1; pp. 141 - 166 |
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| Main Authors | , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
United States
Annual Reviews
15.09.2017
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| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
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| Abstract | Electrical stimulation of the cerebral cortex is a powerful tool for exploring cortical function. Stimulation of early visual cortical areas is easily detected by subjects and produces simple visual percepts known as phosphenes. A device implanted in visual cortex that generates patterns of phosphenes could be used as a substitute for natural vision in blind patients. We review the possibilities and limitations of such a device, termed a visual cortical prosthetic. Currently, we can predict the location and size of phosphenes produced by stimulation of single electrodes. A functional prosthetic, however, must produce spatial temporal patterns of activity that will result in the perception of complex visual objects. Although stimulation of later visual cortical areas alone usually does not lead to a visual percept, it can alter visual perception and the performance of visual behaviors, and training subjects to use signals injected into these areas may be possible. |
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| AbstractList | Electrical stimulation of the cerebral cortex is a powerful tool for exploring cortical function. Stimulation of early visual cortical areas is easily detected by subjects and produces simple visual percepts known as phosphenes. A device implanted in visual cortex that generates patterns of phosphenes could be used as a substitute for natural vision in blind patients. We review the possibilities and limitations of such a device, termed a visual cortical prosthetic. Currently, we can predict the location and size of phosphenes produced by stimulation of single electrodes. A functional prosthetic, however, must produce spatial temporal patterns of activity that will result in the perception of complex visual objects. Although stimulation of later visual cortical areas alone usually does not lead to a visual percept, it can alter visual perception and the performance of visual behaviors, and training subjects to use signals injected into these areas may be possible. |
| Author | Yoshor, Daniel Beauchamp, Michael S Bosking, William H |
| AuthorAffiliation | wbosking@bcm.edu Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030; email dyoshor@bcm.edu , michael.beauchamp@bcm.edu |
| AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: dyoshor@bcm.edu – name: michael.beauchamp@bcm.edu – name: , – name: wbosking@bcm.edu – name: Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030; email |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: William H surname: Bosking fullname: Bosking, William H – sequence: 2 givenname: Michael S surname: Beauchamp fullname: Beauchamp, Michael S – sequence: 3 givenname: Daniel surname: Yoshor fullname: Yoshor, Daniel |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28753382$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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| Keywords | visual cortical prosthetic direct current stimulation electrical stimulation visual cortex phosphene |
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| SubjectTerms | Animals Blindness - rehabilitation direct current stimulation Electric Stimulation - methods electrical stimulation Electrodes, Implanted Humans phosphene Phosphenes - physiology Primates visual cortex Visual Cortex - physiology visual cortical prosthetic Visual Perception - physiology Visual Prosthesis |
| Title | Electrical Stimulation of Visual Cortex: Relevance for the Development of Visual Cortical Prosthetics |
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