The Driving Force: Nuclear Mechanotransduction in Cellular Function, Fate, and Disease
Cellular behavior is continuously affected by microenvironmental forces through the process of mechanotransduction, in which mechanical stimuli are rapidly converted to biochemical responses. Mounting evidence suggests that the nucleus itself is a mechanoresponsive element, reacting to cytoskeletal...
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| Published in | Annual review of biomedical engineering Vol. 21; p. 443 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
United States
04.06.2019
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| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get more information |
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| Abstract | Cellular behavior is continuously affected by microenvironmental forces through the process of mechanotransduction, in which mechanical stimuli are rapidly converted to biochemical responses. Mounting evidence suggests that the nucleus itself is a mechanoresponsive element, reacting to cytoskeletal forces and mediating downstream biochemical responses. The nucleus responds through a host of mechanisms, including partial unfolding, conformational changes, and phosphorylation of nuclear envelope proteins; modulation of nuclear import/export; and altered chromatin organization, resulting in transcriptional changes. It is unclear which of these events present direct mechanotransduction processes and which are downstream of other mechanotransduction pathways. We critically review and discuss the current evidence for nuclear mechanotransduction, particularly in the context of stem cell fate, a largely unexplored topic, and in disease, where an improved understanding of nuclear mechanotransduction is beginning to open new treatment avenues. Finally, we discuss innovative technological developments that will allow outstanding questions in the rapidly growing field of nuclear mechanotransduction to be answered. |
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| AbstractList | Cellular behavior is continuously affected by microenvironmental forces through the process of mechanotransduction, in which mechanical stimuli are rapidly converted to biochemical responses. Mounting evidence suggests that the nucleus itself is a mechanoresponsive element, reacting to cytoskeletal forces and mediating downstream biochemical responses. The nucleus responds through a host of mechanisms, including partial unfolding, conformational changes, and phosphorylation of nuclear envelope proteins; modulation of nuclear import/export; and altered chromatin organization, resulting in transcriptional changes. It is unclear which of these events present direct mechanotransduction processes and which are downstream of other mechanotransduction pathways. We critically review and discuss the current evidence for nuclear mechanotransduction, particularly in the context of stem cell fate, a largely unexplored topic, and in disease, where an improved understanding of nuclear mechanotransduction is beginning to open new treatment avenues. Finally, we discuss innovative technological developments that will allow outstanding questions in the rapidly growing field of nuclear mechanotransduction to be answered. |
| Author | Maurer, Melanie Lammerding, Jan |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Melanie surname: Maurer fullname: Maurer, Melanie email: mem529@cornell.edu, jan.lammerding@cornell.edu organization: Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering and Weill Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA; email: mem529@cornell.edu , jan.lammerding@cornell.edu – sequence: 2 givenname: Jan surname: Lammerding fullname: Lammerding, Jan email: mem529@cornell.edu, jan.lammerding@cornell.edu organization: Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering and Weill Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA; email: mem529@cornell.edu , jan.lammerding@cornell.edu |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30916994$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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| SubjectTerms | Animals Biomedical Engineering Cell Nucleus - physiology Cell Nucleus - ultrastructure Chromatin - chemistry Chromatin - physiology Cytoskeleton - physiology Humans Lamins - genetics Lamins - physiology Mechanotransduction, Cellular - physiology Models, Biological Nuclear Proteins - chemistry Nuclear Proteins - physiology Phosphorylation Protein Conformation Stem Cell Niche - physiology Stem Cells - physiology Tissue Engineering |
| Title | The Driving Force: Nuclear Mechanotransduction in Cellular Function, Fate, and Disease |
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