Isotopic fractionation indicates anaerobic monochlorobenzene biodegradation
The concentration and isotopic composition of monochlorobenzene (MCB) was monitored in the plume of an anaerobic, contaminated aquifer in Bitterfeld, Germany. An enrichment in the carbon isotopic composition of more than 4 δ units was found at the fringes of the plume relative to the center (‐26.5 ‰...
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| Published in | Environmental toxicology and chemistry Vol. 24; no. 6; pp. 1315 - 1324 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
Hoboken
Wiley Periodicals, Inc
01.06.2005
SETAC Blackwell Publishing Ltd |
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
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| Abstract | The concentration and isotopic composition of monochlorobenzene (MCB) was monitored in the plume of an anaerobic, contaminated aquifer in Bitterfeld, Germany. An enrichment in the carbon isotopic composition of more than 4 δ units was found at the fringes of the plume relative to the center (‐26.5 ‰), suggesting the occurrence of in situ biodegradation of MCB. A similar enrichment was measured in a detailed cross‐section of the plume and in depth‐specific samples obtained in a multilevel sampling well. The latter samples gave a good correlation of MCB concentrations and respective isotopic composition according to the Rayleigh equation. On the other hand, batch experiments using the aerobic MCB‐degrading strains Ralstonia sp. DSM 8910, Acidovorax facilis UFZ B517, Rhodococcus erythropolis UFZ B528, and Pseudomonas veronii UFZ B547 showed that the known aerobic pathway initiated by dioxygenases does not result in a significant isotopic fractionation. Thus, a novel anaerobic pathway resulting in an isotopic fractionation appears to be the predominant process of MCB degradation in this aquifer. The study also clearly demonstrates the usefulness of isotopic fractionation analysis to prove biodegradation directly in the field, even when microcosm studies are not available and a metabolic pathway has not yet been elucidated. |
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| AbstractList | The concentration and isotopic composition of monochlorobenzene (MCB) was monitored in the plume of an anaerobic, contaminated aquifer in Bitterfeld, Germany. An enrichment in the carbon isotopic composition of more than 4 delta units was found at the fringes of the plume relative to the center (-26.5 %), suggesting the occurrence of in situ biodegradation of MCB. A similar enrichment was measured in a detailed cross-section of the plume and in depth-specific samples obtained in a multilevel sampling well. The latter samples gave a good correlation of MCB concentrations and respective isotopic composition according to the Rayleigh equation. On the other hand, batch experiments using the aerobic MCB-degrading strains Ralstonia sp. DSM 8910, Acidovorax facilis UFZ B517, Rhodococcus erythropolis UFZ B528, and Pseudomonas veronii UFZ B547 showed that the known aerobic pathway initiated by dioxygenases does not result in a significant isotopic fractionation. Thus, a novel anaerobic pathway resulting in an isotopic fractionation appears to be the predominant process of MCB degradation in this aquifer. The study also clearly demonstrates the usefulness of isotopic fractionation analysis to prove biodegradation directly in the field, even when microcosm studies are not available and a metabolic pathway has not yet been elucidated. The in situ degradation of monochlorobenzene (MCB) was investigated under anaerobic conditions in a contaminated aquifer near Bitterfeld, Germany, using the carbon-13/C-12 isotopic composition of the compound. Water samples were obtained from 33 monitoring wells in the quaternary aquifer in November 2002, and microcosm experiments were carried out with different aerobic MCB-degrading strains, including Ralstonia sp. DSM 8910, Acidivorax facilis strain UFZ B517, Rhodococcus erythropolis strain UFZ B528, and Pseudomonas veronii strain UFZ B547. Results suggested that the initial dioxygenase reaction did not lead to a significant isotope fractionation of MCB in general. The isotope fractionation pattern of MCB, however, indicated clearly that anaerobic degradation processes were taking place in the aquifer. With a decrease in MCB concentrations at the horizontal fringes of the plume and at shallower depths, the isotopic composition was enriched. The concentration and isotopic composition of monochlorobenzene (MCB) was monitored in the plume of an anaerobic, contaminated aquifer in Bitterfeld, Germany. An enrichment in the carbon isotopic composition of more than 4 δ units was found at the fringes of the plume relative to the center (-26.5 [per thousand]), suggesting the occurrence of in situ biodegradation of MCB. A similar enrichment was measured in a detailed cross-section of the plume and in depth-specific samples obtained in a multilevel sampling well. The latter samples gave a good correlation of MCB concentrations and respective isotopic composition according to the Rayleigh equation. On the other hand, batch experiments using the aerobic MCB-degrading strains Ralstonia sp. DSM 8910, Acidovorax facilis UFZ B517, Rhodococcus erythropolis UFZ B528, and Pseudomonas veronii UFZ B547 showed that the known aerobic pathway initiated by dioxygenases does not result in a significant isotopic fractionation. Thus, a novel anaerobic pathway resulting in an isotopic fractionation appears to be the predominant process of MCB degradation in this aquifer. The study also clearly demonstrates the usefulness of isotopic fractionation analysis to prove biodegradation directly in the field, even when microcosm studies are not available and a metabolic pathway has not yet been elucidated. [PUBLICATION ABSTRACT] The concentration and isotopic composition of monochlorobenzene (MCB) was monitored in the plume of an anaerobic, contaminated aquifer in Bitterfeld, Germany. An enrichment in the carbon isotopic composition of more than 4 delta units was found at the fringes of the plume relative to the center (-26.5 ppt), suggesting the occurrence of in situ biodegradation of MCB. A similar enrichment was measured in a detailed cross-section of the plume and in depth-specific samples obtained in a multilevel sampling well. The latter samples gave a good correlation of MCB concentrations and respective isotopic composition according to the Rayleigh equation. On the other hand, batch experiments using the aerobic MCR-degrading strains Ralstonia sp. DSM 8910, Acidovorax facilis UFZ B517, Rhodococcus erythropolis UFZ B528, and Pseudomonas veronii UFZ B547 showed that the known aerobic pathway initiated by dioxygenases does not result in a significant isotopic fractionation. Thus, a novel anaerobic pathway resulting in an isotopic fractionation appears to be the predominant process of MCB degradation in this aquifer. The study also clearly demonstrates the usefulness of isotopic fractionation analysis to prove biodegradation directly in the field, even when microcosm studies are not available and a metabolic pathway has not yet been elucidated. Abstract The concentration and isotopic composition of monochlorobenzene (MCB) was monitored in the plume of an anaerobic, contaminated aquifer in Bitterfeld, Germany. An enrichment in the carbon isotopic composition of more than 4 δ units was found at the fringes of the plume relative to the center (‐26.5 ‰), suggesting the occurrence of in situ biodegradation of MCB. A similar enrichment was measured in a detailed cross‐section of the plume and in depth‐specific samples obtained in a multilevel sampling well. The latter samples gave a good correlation of MCB concentrations and respective isotopic composition according to the Rayleigh equation. On the other hand, batch experiments using the aerobic MCB‐degrading strains Ralstonia sp. DSM 8910, Acidovorax facilis UFZ B517, Rhodococcus erythropolis UFZ B528, and Pseudomonas veronii UFZ B547 showed that the known aerobic pathway initiated by dioxygenases does not result in a significant isotopic fractionation. Thus, a novel anaerobic pathway resulting in an isotopic fractionation appears to be the predominant process of MCB degradation in this aquifer. The study also clearly demonstrates the usefulness of isotopic fractionation analysis to prove biodegradation directly in the field, even when microcosm studies are not available and a metabolic pathway has not yet been elucidated. The concentration and isotopic composition of monochlorobenzene (MCB) was monitored in the plume of an anaerobic, contaminated aquifer in Bitterfeld, Germany. An enrichment in the carbon isotopic composition of more than 4 δ units was found at the fringes of the plume relative to the center (‐26.5 ‰), suggesting the occurrence of in situ biodegradation of MCB. A similar enrichment was measured in a detailed cross‐section of the plume and in depth‐specific samples obtained in a multilevel sampling well. The latter samples gave a good correlation of MCB concentrations and respective isotopic composition according to the Rayleigh equation. On the other hand, batch experiments using the aerobic MCB‐degrading strains Ralstonia sp. DSM 8910, Acidovorax facilis UFZ B517, Rhodococcus erythropolis UFZ B528, and Pseudomonas veronii UFZ B547 showed that the known aerobic pathway initiated by dioxygenases does not result in a significant isotopic fractionation. Thus, a novel anaerobic pathway resulting in an isotopic fractionation appears to be the predominant process of MCB degradation in this aquifer. The study also clearly demonstrates the usefulness of isotopic fractionation analysis to prove biodegradation directly in the field, even when microcosm studies are not available and a metabolic pathway has not yet been elucidated. The concentration and isotopic composition of monochlorobenzene (MCB) was monitored in the plume of an anaerobic, contaminated aquifer in Bitterfeld, Germany. An enrichment in the carbon isotopic composition of more than 4 8 units was found at the fringes of the plume relative to the center (-26.5 %o), suggesting the occurrence of in situ biodegradation of MCB. A similar enrichment was measured in a detailed cross-section of the plume and in depth-specific samples obtained in a multilevel sampling well. The latter samples gave a good correlation of MCB concentrations and respective isotopic composition according to the Rayleigh equation. On the other hand, batch experiments using the aerobic MCB-degrading strains Ralstonia sp. DSM 8910, Acidovorax facilis UFZ B517, Rhodococcus erythropolis UFZ B528, and Pseudomonas veronii UFZ B547 showed that the known aerobic pathway initiated by dioxygenases does not result in a significant isotopic fractionation. Thus, a novel anaerobic pathway resulting in an isotopic fractionation appears to be the predominant process of MCB degradation in this aquifer. The study also clearly demonstrates the usefulness of isotopic fractionation analysis to prove biodegradation directly in the field, even when microcosm studies are not available and a metabolic pathway has not yet been elucidated. |
| Author | Richnow, Hans H. Weiss, Holger Vogt, Carsten Kaschl, Arno Uhlig, Sylvia Nijenhuis, Ivonne Kästner, Matthias |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Arno surname: Kaschl fullname: Kaschl, Arno organization: Department of Groundwater Remediation, UFZ Centre for Environmental Research Leipzig-Halle, Permoserstrasse 15, D-04318 Leipzig, Germany – sequence: 2 givenname: Carsten surname: Vogt fullname: Vogt, Carsten organization: Department for Isotope Biogeochemistry, UFZ Centre for Environmental Research Leipzig-Halle, Permoserstrasse 15, D-04318 Leipzig, Germany – sequence: 3 givenname: Sylvia surname: Uhlig fullname: Uhlig, Sylvia organization: Department for Isotope Biogeochemistry, UFZ Centre for Environmental Research Leipzig-Halle, Permoserstrasse 15, D-04318 Leipzig, Germany – sequence: 4 givenname: Ivonne surname: Nijenhuis fullname: Nijenhuis, Ivonne organization: Department for Isotope Biogeochemistry, UFZ Centre for Environmental Research Leipzig-Halle, Permoserstrasse 15, D-04318 Leipzig, Germany – sequence: 5 givenname: Holger surname: Weiss fullname: Weiss, Holger organization: Department of Groundwater Remediation, UFZ Centre for Environmental Research Leipzig-Halle, Permoserstrasse 15, D-04318 Leipzig, Germany – sequence: 6 givenname: Matthias surname: Kästner fullname: Kästner, Matthias organization: Department of Bioremediation, UFZ Centre for Environmental Research Leipzig-Halle, Permoserstrasse 15, D-04318 Leipzig, Germany – sequence: 7 givenname: Hans H. surname: Richnow fullname: Richnow, Hans H. email: hans.richnow@ufz.de organization: Department for Isotope Biogeochemistry, UFZ Centre for Environmental Research Leipzig-Halle, Permoserstrasse 15, D-04318 Leipzig, Germany |
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| Keywords | Biodegradation Anaerobic aquifer Microbial degradation Chlorobenzenes Stable carbon isotope analysis Natural attenuation Ecotoxicology Anaerobe Carbon Aquifers |
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| Snippet | The concentration and isotopic composition of monochlorobenzene (MCB) was monitored in the plume of an anaerobic, contaminated aquifer in Bitterfeld, Germany.... Abstract The concentration and isotopic composition of monochlorobenzene (MCB) was monitored in the plume of an anaerobic, contaminated aquifer in Bitterfeld,... The in situ degradation of monochlorobenzene (MCB) was investigated under anaerobic conditions in a contaminated aquifer near Bitterfeld, Germany, using the... |
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| SubjectTerms | Acidovorax Anaerobic aquifer Anaerobiosis Animal, plant and microbial ecology Applied ecology Aquifers Bacteria, Aerobic - metabolism Biodegradation Biodegradation of pollutants Biodegradation, Environmental Biological and medical sciences Biotechnology Carbon Isotopes - chemistry Chemical Fractionation Chlorobenzenes Chlorobenzenes - chemistry Chlorobenzenes - metabolism Contamination Ecotoxicology, biological effects of pollution Environment and pollution Fractionation Fresh Water Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology General aspects Germany Hydrocarbons Industrial applications and implications. Economical aspects Isotope fractionation Isotopes Microbial degradation Natural attenuation Pseudomonas veronii Ralstonia Rhodococcus erythropolis Stable carbon isotope analysis Water Pollutants, Chemical - analysis Water Pollutants, Chemical - metabolism Water Supply |
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| Title | Isotopic fractionation indicates anaerobic monochlorobenzene biodegradation |
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