Orbits and resonances of the regular moons of Neptune
We report integrated orbital fits for the inner regular moons of Neptune based on the most complete astrometric data set to date, with observations from Earth-based telescopes, Voyager 2, and the Hubble Space Telescope covering 1981-2016. We summarize the results in terms of state vectors, mean orbi...
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Main Authors | , , , , , |
Format | Paper Journal Article |
Language | English |
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15.11.2019
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Abstract | We report integrated orbital fits for the inner regular moons of Neptune based on the most complete astrometric data set to date, with observations from Earth-based telescopes, Voyager 2, and the Hubble Space Telescope covering 1981-2016. We summarize the results in terms of state vectors, mean orbital elements, and orbital uncertainties. The estimated masses of the two innermost moons, Naiad and Thalassa, are \(GM_{Naiad}\)= 0.0080 \(\pm\) 0.0043 \(km^3 s^{-2}\) and \(GM_{Thalassa}\)=0.0236 \(\pm\) 0.0064 \(km^3 s^{-2}\), corresponding to densities of 0.80 \(\pm\) 0.48 \(g cm^{-3}\) and 1.23 \(\pm\) 0.43 \(g cm^{-3}\), respectively. Our analysis shows that Naiad and Thalassa are locked in an unusual type of orbital resonance. The resonant argument 73 \(\dot{\lambda}_{Thalassa}\)-69 \(\dot{\lambda}_{Naiad}\)-4 \(\dot{\Omega}_{Naiad}\) \(\approx\) 0 librates around 180 deg with an average amplitude of ~66 deg and a period of ~1.9 years for the nominal set of masses. This is the first fourth-order resonance discovered between the moons of the outer planets. More high precision astrometry is needed to better constrain the masses of Naiad and Thalassa, and consequently, the amplitude and the period of libration. We also report on a 13:11 near-resonance of Hippocamp and Proteus, which may lead to a mass estimate of Proteus provided that there are future observations of Hippocamp. Our fit yielded a value for Neptune's oblateness coefficient of \(J_2\)=3409.1\(\pm\)2.9 \(\times 10^{-6}\). |
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AbstractList | We report integrated orbital fits for the inner regular moons of Neptune
based on the most complete astrometric data set to date, with observations from
Earth-based telescopes, Voyager 2, and the Hubble Space Telescope covering
1981-2016. We summarize the results in terms of state vectors, mean orbital
elements, and orbital uncertainties. The estimated masses of the two innermost
moons, Naiad and Thalassa, are $GM_{Naiad}$= 0.0080 $\pm$ 0.0043 $km^3 s^{-2}$
and $GM_{Thalassa}$=0.0236 $\pm$ 0.0064 $km^3 s^{-2}$, corresponding to
densities of 0.80 $\pm$ 0.48 $g cm^{-3}$ and 1.23 $\pm$ 0.43 $g cm^{-3}$,
respectively. Our analysis shows that Naiad and Thalassa are locked in an
unusual type of orbital resonance. The resonant argument 73
$\dot{\lambda}_{Thalassa}$-69 $\dot{\lambda}_{Naiad}$-4 $\dot{\Omega}_{Naiad}$
$\approx$ 0 librates around 180 deg with an average amplitude of ~66 deg and a
period of ~1.9 years for the nominal set of masses. This is the first
fourth-order resonance discovered between the moons of the outer planets. More
high precision astrometry is needed to better constrain the masses of Naiad and
Thalassa, and consequently, the amplitude and the period of libration. We also
report on a 13:11 near-resonance of Hippocamp and Proteus, which may lead to a
mass estimate of Proteus provided that there are future observations of
Hippocamp. Our fit yielded a value for Neptune's oblateness coefficient of
$J_2$=3409.1$\pm$2.9 $\times 10^{-6}$. We report integrated orbital fits for the inner regular moons of Neptune based on the most complete astrometric data set to date, with observations from Earth-based telescopes, Voyager 2, and the Hubble Space Telescope covering 1981-2016. We summarize the results in terms of state vectors, mean orbital elements, and orbital uncertainties. The estimated masses of the two innermost moons, Naiad and Thalassa, are \(GM_{Naiad}\)= 0.0080 \(\pm\) 0.0043 \(km^3 s^{-2}\) and \(GM_{Thalassa}\)=0.0236 \(\pm\) 0.0064 \(km^3 s^{-2}\), corresponding to densities of 0.80 \(\pm\) 0.48 \(g cm^{-3}\) and 1.23 \(\pm\) 0.43 \(g cm^{-3}\), respectively. Our analysis shows that Naiad and Thalassa are locked in an unusual type of orbital resonance. The resonant argument 73 \(\dot{\lambda}_{Thalassa}\)-69 \(\dot{\lambda}_{Naiad}\)-4 \(\dot{\Omega}_{Naiad}\) \(\approx\) 0 librates around 180 deg with an average amplitude of ~66 deg and a period of ~1.9 years for the nominal set of masses. This is the first fourth-order resonance discovered between the moons of the outer planets. More high precision astrometry is needed to better constrain the masses of Naiad and Thalassa, and consequently, the amplitude and the period of libration. We also report on a 13:11 near-resonance of Hippocamp and Proteus, which may lead to a mass estimate of Proteus provided that there are future observations of Hippocamp. Our fit yielded a value for Neptune's oblateness coefficient of \(J_2\)=3409.1\(\pm\)2.9 \(\times 10^{-6}\). |
Author | French, Robert S Lissauer, Jack J Showalter, Mark R de Pater, Imke Brozović, Marina Jacobson, Robert A |
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BackLink | https://doi.org/10.1016/j.icarus.2019.113462$$DView published paper (Access to full text may be restricted) https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.1910.13612$$DView paper in arXiv |
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Snippet | We report integrated orbital fits for the inner regular moons of Neptune based on the most complete astrometric data set to date, with observations from... We report integrated orbital fits for the inner regular moons of Neptune based on the most complete astrometric data set to date, with observations from... |
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SubjectTerms | Amplitudes Astrometry Hubble Space Telescope Libration Naiad Neptune Neptune satellites Orbital elements Orbital resonances (celestial mechanics) Physics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics Proteus Space telescopes State vectors |
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Title | Orbits and resonances of the regular moons of Neptune |
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