Amygdala volume changes in posttraumatic stress disorder in a large case-controlled veterans group
Smaller hippocampal volumes are well established in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), but the relatively few studies of amygdala volume in PTSD have produced equivocal results. To assess a large cohort of recent military veterans with PTSD and trauma-exposed control subjects, with sufficient pow...
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Published in | Archives of general psychiatry Vol. 69; no. 11; p. 1169 |
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Main Authors | , , , , , , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
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United States
01.11.2012
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Abstract | Smaller hippocampal volumes are well established in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), but the relatively few studies of amygdala volume in PTSD have produced equivocal results.
To assess a large cohort of recent military veterans with PTSD and trauma-exposed control subjects, with sufficient power to perform a definitive assessment of the effect of PTSD on volumetric changes in the amygdala and hippocampus and of the contribution of illness duration, trauma load, and depressive symptoms.
Case-controlled design with structural magnetic resonance imaging and clinical diagnostic assessments. We controlled statistically for the important potential confounds of alcohol use, depression, and medication use.
Durham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, which is located in proximity to major military bases.
Ambulatory patients (n = 200) recruited from a registry of military service members and veterans serving after September 11, 2001, including a group with current PTSD (n = 99) and a trauma-exposed comparison group without PTSD (n = 101).
Amygdala and hippocampal volumes computed from automated segmentation of high-resolution structural 3-T magnetic resonance imaging.
Smaller volume was demonstrated in the PTSD group compared with the non-PTSD group for the left amygdala (P = .002), right amygdala (P = .01), and left hippocampus (P = .02) but not for the right hippocampus (P = .25). Amygdala volumes were not associated with PTSD chronicity, trauma load, or severity of depressive symptoms.
These results provide clear evidence of an association between a smaller amygdala volume and PTSD. The lack of correlation between trauma load or illness chronicity and amygdala volume suggests that a smaller amygdala represents a vulnerability to developing PTSD or the lack of a dose-response relationship with amygdala volume. Our results may trigger a renewed impetus for investigating structural differences in the amygdala, its genetic determinants, its environmental modulators, and the possibility that it reflects an intrinsic vulnerability to PTSD. |
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AbstractList | Smaller hippocampal volumes are well established in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), but the relatively few studies of amygdala volume in PTSD have produced equivocal results.
To assess a large cohort of recent military veterans with PTSD and trauma-exposed control subjects, with sufficient power to perform a definitive assessment of the effect of PTSD on volumetric changes in the amygdala and hippocampus and of the contribution of illness duration, trauma load, and depressive symptoms.
Case-controlled design with structural magnetic resonance imaging and clinical diagnostic assessments. We controlled statistically for the important potential confounds of alcohol use, depression, and medication use.
Durham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, which is located in proximity to major military bases.
Ambulatory patients (n = 200) recruited from a registry of military service members and veterans serving after September 11, 2001, including a group with current PTSD (n = 99) and a trauma-exposed comparison group without PTSD (n = 101).
Amygdala and hippocampal volumes computed from automated segmentation of high-resolution structural 3-T magnetic resonance imaging.
Smaller volume was demonstrated in the PTSD group compared with the non-PTSD group for the left amygdala (P = .002), right amygdala (P = .01), and left hippocampus (P = .02) but not for the right hippocampus (P = .25). Amygdala volumes were not associated with PTSD chronicity, trauma load, or severity of depressive symptoms.
These results provide clear evidence of an association between a smaller amygdala volume and PTSD. The lack of correlation between trauma load or illness chronicity and amygdala volume suggests that a smaller amygdala represents a vulnerability to developing PTSD or the lack of a dose-response relationship with amygdala volume. Our results may trigger a renewed impetus for investigating structural differences in the amygdala, its genetic determinants, its environmental modulators, and the possibility that it reflects an intrinsic vulnerability to PTSD. |
Author | Morey, Rajendra A Wagner, H Ryan Brown, Vanessa M McCarthy, Gregory LaBar, Kevin S Gold, Andrea L Beall, Shannon K Haswell, Courtney C Nasser, Jessica D |
Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Rajendra A surname: Morey fullname: Morey, Rajendra A email: rajendra.morey@duke.edu organization: Duke-University of North Carolina Brain Imaging and Analysis Center, 27710, USA. rajendra.morey@duke.edu – sequence: 2 givenname: Andrea L surname: Gold fullname: Gold, Andrea L – sequence: 3 givenname: Kevin S surname: LaBar fullname: LaBar, Kevin S – sequence: 4 givenname: Shannon K surname: Beall fullname: Beall, Shannon K – sequence: 5 givenname: Vanessa M surname: Brown fullname: Brown, Vanessa M – sequence: 6 givenname: Courtney C surname: Haswell fullname: Haswell, Courtney C – sequence: 7 givenname: Jessica D surname: Nasser fullname: Nasser, Jessica D – sequence: 8 givenname: H Ryan surname: Wagner fullname: Wagner, H Ryan – sequence: 9 givenname: Gregory surname: McCarthy fullname: McCarthy, Gregory |
BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23117638$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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ContentType | Journal Article |
Contributor | Pender, Mary Brancu, Mira Hayes, Jasmeet Pannu Davison, Rita Calhoun, Patrick S Kudler, Harold Beckham, Jean C Runnals, Jennifer J Nieuwsma, Jason A Van Voorhees, Elizabeth Green, Kimberly T Strauss, Jennifer L Youssef, Nagy A Hoerle, Jeffrey M McDonald, Scott D Hurley, Robin Payne, Victoria Guerra, Vito S Taber, Katherine H Tupler, Larry A Eggleston, Angela M Fairbank, John A Weiner, Richard D Selgrade, Elizabeth S Marx, Christine E |
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SubjectTerms | Adult Afghan Campaign 2001 Amygdala - pathology Case-Control Studies Combat Disorders - pathology Combat Disorders - psychology Dominance, Cerebral - physiology Female Hippocampus - pathology Humans Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted Iraq War, 2003-2011 Magnetic Resonance Imaging Male Middle Aged Military Personnel - psychology North Carolina Organ Size Reference Values Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic - pathology Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic - psychology Veterans - psychology |
Title | Amygdala volume changes in posttraumatic stress disorder in a large case-controlled veterans group |
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