Environmental controls of frost cracking revealed through in situ acoustic emission measurements in steep bedrock
Frost cracking, the breakdown of rock by freezing, is one of the most important mechanical weathering processes acting on Earth's surface. Insights on the mechanisms driving frost cracking stem mainly from laboratory and theoretical studies. Transferring insights from such studies to natural co...
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| Published in | Geophysical research letters Vol. 40; no. 9; pp. 1748 - 1753 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
Washington
Blackwell Publishing Ltd
16.05.2013
John Wiley & Sons, Inc |
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
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| Abstract | Frost cracking, the breakdown of rock by freezing, is one of the most important mechanical weathering processes acting on Earth's surface. Insights on the mechanisms driving frost cracking stem mainly from laboratory and theoretical studies. Transferring insights from such studies to natural conditions, involving jointed bedrock and heterogeneous thermal and hydrological properties, is a major challenge. We address this problem with simultaneous in situ measurements of acoustic emissions, used as proxy of rock damage, and rock temperature/moisture content. The 1 year data set acquired in an Alpine rock wall shows that (1) liquid water content has an important impact on freezing‐induced rock damage, (2) sustained freezing can yield much stronger damage than repeated freeze‐thaw cycling, and (3) that frost cracking occurs over the full range of temperatures measured extending from 0 down to −15°C. These new measurements yield a slightly different picture than previous field studies where ice segregation appears to play an important role.
Key Points
Rock liquid water content has an important impact on the freezing-induced damage
Sustained freezing can yield stronger damage than repeated freeze-thaw cycling
Frost cracking occurs on a wide range of temperatures extending from 0 to -15C |
|---|---|
| AbstractList | Frost cracking, the breakdown of rock by freezing, is one of the most important mechanical weathering processes acting on Earth's surface. Insights on the mechanisms driving frost cracking stem mainly from laboratory and theoretical studies. Transferring insights from such studies to natural conditions, involving jointed bedrock and heterogeneous thermal and hydrological properties, is a major challenge. We address this problem with simultaneous in situ measurements of acoustic emissions, used as proxy of rock damage, and rock temperature/moisture content. The 1 year data set acquired in an Alpine rock wall shows that (1) liquid water content has an important impact on freezing‐induced rock damage, (2) sustained freezing can yield much stronger damage than repeated freeze‐thaw cycling, and (3) that frost cracking occurs over the full range of temperatures measured extending from 0 down to −15°C. These new measurements yield a slightly different picture than previous field studies where ice segregation appears to play an important role.
Key Points
Rock liquid water content has an important impact on the freezing-induced damage
Sustained freezing can yield stronger damage than repeated freeze-thaw cycling
Frost cracking occurs on a wide range of temperatures extending from 0 to -15C Frost cracking, the breakdown of rock by freezing, is one of the most important mechanical weathering processes acting on Earth's surface. Insights on the mechanisms driving frost cracking stem mainly from laboratory and theoretical studies. Transferring insights from such studies to natural conditions, involving jointed bedrock and heterogeneous thermal and hydrological properties, is a major challenge. We address this problem with simultaneous in situ measurements of acoustic emissions, used as proxy of rock damage, and rock temperature/moisture content. The 1year data set acquired in an Alpine rock wall shows that (1) liquid water content has an important impact on freezing-induced rock damage, (2) sustained freezing can yield much stronger damage than repeated freeze-thaw cycling, and (3) that frost cracking occurs over the full range of temperatures measured extending from 0 down to -15 degree C. These new measurements yield a slightly different picture than previous field studies where ice segregation appears to play an important role. Key Points * Rock liquid water content has an important impact on the freezing-induced damage * Sustained freezing can yield stronger damage than repeated freeze-thaw cycling * Frost cracking occurs on a wide range of temperatures extending from 0 to -15C Frost cracking, the breakdown of rock by freezing, is one of the most important mechanical weathering processes acting on Earth's surface. Insights on the mechanisms driving frost cracking stem mainly from laboratory and theoretical studies. Transferring insights from such studies to natural conditions, involving jointed bedrock and heterogeneous thermal and hydrological properties, is a major challenge. We address this problem with simultaneous in situ measurements of acoustic emissions, used as proxy of rock damage, and rock temperature/moisture content. The 1 year data set acquired in an Alpine rock wall shows that (1) liquid water content has an important impact on freezing‐induced rock damage, (2) sustained freezing can yield much stronger damage than repeated freeze‐thaw cycling, and (3) that frost cracking occurs over the full range of temperatures measured extending from 0 down to −15°C. These new measurements yield a slightly different picture than previous field studies where ice segregation appears to play an important role. Rock liquid water content has an important impact on the freezing-induced damage Sustained freezing can yield stronger damage than repeated freeze-thaw cycling Frost cracking occurs on a wide range of temperatures extending from 0 to -15C Frost cracking, the breakdown of rock by freezing, is one of the most important mechanical weathering processes acting on Earth's surface. Insights on the mechanisms driving frost cracking stem mainly from laboratory and theoretical studies. Transferring insights from such studies to natural conditions, involving jointed bedrock and heterogeneous thermal and hydrological properties, is a major challenge. We address this problem with simultaneous in situ measurements of acoustic emissions, used as proxy of rock damage, and rock temperature/moisture content. The 1year data set acquired in an Alpine rock wall shows that (1) liquid water content has an important impact on freezing-induced rock damage, (2) sustained freezing can yield much stronger damage than repeated freeze-thaw cycling, and (3) that frost cracking occurs over the full range of temperatures measured extending from 0 down to -15°C. These new measurements yield a slightly different picture than previous field studies where ice segregation appears to play an important role. |
| Author | Beutel, Jan Gruber, Stephan Girard, Lucas Weber, Samuel |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Lucas surname: Girard fullname: Girard, Lucas email: lucas.girard@geo.uzh.ch organization: Glaciology and Geomorphodynamics, Department of Geography, University of Zurich, Switzerland – sequence: 2 givenname: Stephan surname: Gruber fullname: Gruber, Stephan organization: Glaciology and Geomorphodynamics, Department of Geography, University of Zurich, Switzerland – sequence: 3 givenname: Samuel surname: Weber fullname: Weber, Samuel organization: Computer Engineering and Networks Laboratory, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich, Switzerland – sequence: 4 givenname: Jan surname: Beutel fullname: Beutel, Jan organization: Computer Engineering and Networks Laboratory, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich, Switzerland |
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| Snippet | Frost cracking, the breakdown of rock by freezing, is one of the most important mechanical weathering processes acting on Earth's surface. Insights on the... |
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| SubjectTerms | Acoustic emission Bedrock Cracking (fracturing) Damage Emission measurements Fracture mechanics Freezing Frost Geophysics Ice In situ measurement Moisture content permafrost Rock rock mechanics Rocks Water Water content weathering |
| Title | Environmental controls of frost cracking revealed through in situ acoustic emission measurements in steep bedrock |
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