Searching for evidence of hydrothermal activity at Apollinaris Mons, Mars
► We investigate Apollinaris Mons for signs of ancient hydrothermal activity. ► The region shows extensive evidence for volcanic and hydrologic activity. ► We report on various putative signs of magma–water interaction in the area. ► The Apollinaris Mons fan deposits may be thicker than previously e...
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| Published in | Icarus (New York, N.Y. 1962) Vol. 217; no. 1; pp. 297 - 314 |
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| Main Authors | , , , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
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Elsevier Inc
2012
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| Abstract | ► We investigate Apollinaris Mons for signs of ancient hydrothermal activity. ► The region shows extensive evidence for volcanic and hydrologic activity. ► We report on various putative signs of magma–water interaction in the area. ► The Apollinaris Mons fan deposits may be thicker than previously estimated. ► Numerous mounds around the volcano could be of exobiological significance.
A multidisciplinary approach involving various remote sensing instruments is used to investigate Apollinaris Mons, a prominent volcano on Mars, as well as the surrounding plains for signs of prolonged hydrologic and volcanic, and possibly hydrothermal activity. The main findings include (1) evidence from laser altimetry indicating the large thickness (1.5–2
km at some locations) of the fan deposits draping the southern flank contrary to previous estimates, coupled with possible layering which point to a significant emplacement phase at Apollinaris Mons, (2) corroboration of Robinson et al. (Robinson, M.S., Mouginis-Mark, P.J., Zimbelman, J.R., Wu, S.S.C., Ablin, K.K., Howington-Kraus, A.E. [1993]. Icarus 104, 301–323) hypothesis regarding the formation of incised valleys on the western flanks by density current erosion which would indicate magma–water interaction or, alternatively, volatile-rich magmas early in the volcano’s history, (3) mounds of diverse geometric shapes, many of which display summit depressions and occur among faults and fractures, possibly marking venting, (4) strong indicators on the flanks of the volcano for lahar events, and possibly, a caldera lake, (5) ubiquitous presence of impact craters displaying fluidized ejecta in both shield-forming (flank and caldera) materials and materials that surround the volcano that are indicative of water-rich target materials at the time of impact, (6) long-term complex association in time among shield-forming materials and Medusae Fossae Formation.
The findings point to a site of extensive volcanic and hydrologic activity with possibly a period of magma–water interaction and hydrothermal activity. Finally, we propose that the mound structures around Apollinaris should be prime targets for further in situ exploration and search for possible exobiological signatures. |
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| AbstractList | ► We investigate Apollinaris Mons for signs of ancient hydrothermal activity. ► The region shows extensive evidence for volcanic and hydrologic activity. ► We report on various putative signs of magma–water interaction in the area. ► The Apollinaris Mons fan deposits may be thicker than previously estimated. ► Numerous mounds around the volcano could be of exobiological significance.
A multidisciplinary approach involving various remote sensing instruments is used to investigate Apollinaris Mons, a prominent volcano on Mars, as well as the surrounding plains for signs of prolonged hydrologic and volcanic, and possibly hydrothermal activity. The main findings include (1) evidence from laser altimetry indicating the large thickness (1.5–2
km at some locations) of the fan deposits draping the southern flank contrary to previous estimates, coupled with possible layering which point to a significant emplacement phase at Apollinaris Mons, (2) corroboration of Robinson et al. (Robinson, M.S., Mouginis-Mark, P.J., Zimbelman, J.R., Wu, S.S.C., Ablin, K.K., Howington-Kraus, A.E. [1993]. Icarus 104, 301–323) hypothesis regarding the formation of incised valleys on the western flanks by density current erosion which would indicate magma–water interaction or, alternatively, volatile-rich magmas early in the volcano’s history, (3) mounds of diverse geometric shapes, many of which display summit depressions and occur among faults and fractures, possibly marking venting, (4) strong indicators on the flanks of the volcano for lahar events, and possibly, a caldera lake, (5) ubiquitous presence of impact craters displaying fluidized ejecta in both shield-forming (flank and caldera) materials and materials that surround the volcano that are indicative of water-rich target materials at the time of impact, (6) long-term complex association in time among shield-forming materials and Medusae Fossae Formation.
The findings point to a site of extensive volcanic and hydrologic activity with possibly a period of magma–water interaction and hydrothermal activity. Finally, we propose that the mound structures around Apollinaris should be prime targets for further in situ exploration and search for possible exobiological signatures. A multidisciplinary approach involving various remote sensing instruments is used to investigate Apollinaris Mons, a prominent volcano on Mars, as well as the surrounding plains for signs of prolonged hydrologic and volcanic, and possibly hydrothermal activity. The main findings include (1) evidence from laser altimetry indicating the large thickness (1.5-2km at some locations) of the fan deposits draping the southern flank contrary to previous estimates, coupled with possible layering which point to a significant emplacement phase at Apollinaris Mons, (2) corroboration of Robinson et al. (Robinson, M.S., Mouginis-Mark, P.J., Zimbelman, J.R., Wu, S.S.C., Ablin, K.K., Howington-Kraus, A.E. [1993]. Icarus 104, 301-323) hypothesis regarding the formation of incised valleys on the western flanks by density current erosion which would indicate magma-water interaction or, alternatively, volatile-rich magmas early in the volcano's history, (3) mounds of diverse geometric shapes, many of which display summit depressions and occur among faults and fractures, possibly marking venting, (4) strong indicators on the flanks of the volcano for lahar events, and possibly, a caldera lake, (5) ubiquitous presence of impact craters displaying fluidized ejecta in both shield-forming (flank and caldera) materials and materials that surround the volcano that are indicative of water-rich target materials at the time of impact, (6) long-term complex association in time among shield-forming materials and Medusae Fossae Formation. The findings point to a site of extensive volcanic and hydrologic activity with possibly a period of magma-water interaction and hydrothermal activity. Finally, we propose that the mound structures around Apollinaris should be prime targets for further in situ exploration and search for possible exobiological signatures. |
| Author | Goetz, Walter Pack, Andreas Markiewicz, Wojciech J. Heggy, Essam Dohm, James M. Fergason, Robin Marzo, Giuseppe A. El Maarry, M. Ramy |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: M. Ramy surname: El Maarry fullname: El Maarry, M. Ramy email: mohamed.elmaarry@space.unibe.ch organization: Max-Planck Institut für Sonnensystemforschung, Max-Planck Str., 2, 37191 Katlenburg-Lindau, Germany – sequence: 2 givenname: James M. surname: Dohm fullname: Dohm, James M. organization: Department of Hydrology and Water Resources, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA – sequence: 3 givenname: Giuseppe A. surname: Marzo fullname: Marzo, Giuseppe A. organization: ENEA, C.R. Casaccia, via Anguillarese 301, 00123 S. Maria di Galeria, Roma, Italy – sequence: 4 givenname: Robin surname: Fergason fullname: Fergason, Robin organization: Astrogeology Science Center, United States Geological Survey, 2255 N. Gemini Drive, Flagstaff, AZ 86001-7034, USA – sequence: 5 givenname: Walter surname: Goetz fullname: Goetz, Walter organization: Max-Planck Institut für Sonnensystemforschung, Max-Planck Str., 2, 37191 Katlenburg-Lindau, Germany – sequence: 6 givenname: Essam surname: Heggy fullname: Heggy, Essam organization: NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, MS 300-243, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA – sequence: 7 givenname: Andreas surname: Pack fullname: Pack, Andreas organization: Universität Göttingen, Geowissenschaftliches Zentrum, Goldschmidtstrasse 1, 37077 Göttingen, Germany – sequence: 8 givenname: Wojciech J. surname: Markiewicz fullname: Markiewicz, Wojciech J. organization: Max-Planck Institut für Sonnensystemforschung, Max-Planck Str., 2, 37191 Katlenburg-Lindau, Germany |
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| Snippet | ► We investigate Apollinaris Mons for signs of ancient hydrothermal activity. ► The region shows extensive evidence for volcanic and hydrologic activity. ► We... A multidisciplinary approach involving various remote sensing instruments is used to investigate Apollinaris Mons, a prominent volcano on Mars, as well as the... |
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| SubjectTerms | Astronomy Calderas Craters Density Earth, ocean, space Exact sciences and technology Flanks Geological processes Hydrology Mars Mars, Surface Searching Signatures Solar system Volcanism |
| Title | Searching for evidence of hydrothermal activity at Apollinaris Mons, Mars |
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