Effects of Kindergarten Retention on Children's Social-Emotional Development: An Application of Propensity Score Method to Multivariate, Multilevel Data

• Published in: Developmental psychology Vol. 44; no. 2; pp. 407 - 421
• Main Authors: Hong, Guanglei, Yu, Bing
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States American Psychological Association 01.03.2008
• Subjects: Behavior Problems; Child; Child Development; Child, Preschool; Cohort Studies; Comparative Analysis; Emotional Development; Emotions; Error of Measurement; Evaluation Methods; Female; Grade 1; Grade Repetition; Humans; Internal-External Control; Kindergarten; Longitudinal Studies; Male; Multivariate Analysis; Personality Assessment - statistics & numerical data; Personality Development; Poverty - psychology; Psychometrics - statistics & numerical data; Reading; Reading Interests; Self Concept; Self Efficacy; Social Adjustment; Social Development; Underachievement; United States; United States

This study examines the effects of kindergarten retention on children's social-emotional development in the early, middle, and late elementary years. Previous studies have generated mixed results partly due to some major methodological challenges, including selection bias, measurement error, an...