Atmospheric circulation patterns during late Pleistocene climate changes at Lake Malawi, Africa
The climate of tropical Africa transitioned from an interval of pronounced, orbitally-paced megadroughts to more humid and stable conditions approximately 70,000 years ago (Scholz et al., 2007). The regional atmospheric circulation patterns that accompanied these climatic changes, however, are uncle...
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Published in | Earth and planetary science letters Vol. 312; no. 3; pp. 318 - 326 |
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Main Authors | , , , , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
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Elsevier B.V
15.12.2011
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Abstract | The climate of tropical Africa transitioned from an interval of pronounced, orbitally-paced megadroughts to more humid and stable conditions approximately 70,000
years ago (Scholz et al., 2007). The regional atmospheric circulation patterns that accompanied these climatic changes, however, are unclear due to a paucity of continental paleoclimate records from tropical Africa extending into the last interglacial. We present a new 140-kyr record of the deuterium/hydrogen isotopic ratio of terrestrial leaf waxes (δD
wax) from drill cores from Lake Malawi, southeast Africa, that spans this important climatic transition. δD
wax shifts from highly variable and relatively D-depleted to more stable and D-enriched around 56
ka, contemporary with the onset of more humid conditions in the region. Moisture source and transport history dominate the δD
wax signal at Lake Malawi, with local rainfall amount playing a secondary role for much of the paleorecord. Analysis of modern moisture sources for Lake Malawi suggests that D-depletion of waxes during the megadroughts may have been caused by an enhanced contribution of the drier, D-depleted air mass currently located in central southern Africa to the Lake Malawi catchment. This D-depleted air mass is associated with the descending limb of the Hadley cell, which implies significant changes in the Hadley circulation during the megadroughts and related changes in the position of the Intertropical Convergence Zone over Africa. These findings demonstrate the ability of δD
wax to serve as an atmospheric tracer when used in conjunction with additional proxy records for moisture balance, and elucidate potential mechanisms for pronounced hydrological change in southeast Africa during the late Pleistocene.
► We analyze the δD of leaf wax in sediments from Lake Malawi, Africa, from 0 to 140
ka. ► Leaf wax δD at Lake Malawi generally tracks moisture source and transport history. ► Waxes deposited during the African megadroughts 140–70
ka are relatively D-depleted. ► Modified Hadley circulation expanded D-depleted southern air masses at this time. |
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AbstractList | The climate of tropical Africa transitioned from an interval of pronounced, orbitally-paced megadroughts to more humid and stable conditions approximately 70,000
years ago (Scholz et al., 2007). The regional atmospheric circulation patterns that accompanied these climatic changes, however, are unclear due to a paucity of continental paleoclimate records from tropical Africa extending into the last interglacial. We present a new 140-kyr record of the deuterium/hydrogen isotopic ratio of terrestrial leaf waxes (δD
wax) from drill cores from Lake Malawi, southeast Africa, that spans this important climatic transition. δD
wax shifts from highly variable and relatively D-depleted to more stable and D-enriched around 56
ka, contemporary with the onset of more humid conditions in the region. Moisture source and transport history dominate the δD
wax signal at Lake Malawi, with local rainfall amount playing a secondary role for much of the paleorecord. Analysis of modern moisture sources for Lake Malawi suggests that D-depletion of waxes during the megadroughts may have been caused by an enhanced contribution of the drier, D-depleted air mass currently located in central southern Africa to the Lake Malawi catchment. This D-depleted air mass is associated with the descending limb of the Hadley cell, which implies significant changes in the Hadley circulation during the megadroughts and related changes in the position of the Intertropical Convergence Zone over Africa. These findings demonstrate the ability of δD
wax to serve as an atmospheric tracer when used in conjunction with additional proxy records for moisture balance, and elucidate potential mechanisms for pronounced hydrological change in southeast Africa during the late Pleistocene.
► We analyze the δD of leaf wax in sediments from Lake Malawi, Africa, from 0 to 140
ka. ► Leaf wax δD at Lake Malawi generally tracks moisture source and transport history. ► Waxes deposited during the African megadroughts 140–70
ka are relatively D-depleted. ► Modified Hadley circulation expanded D-depleted southern air masses at this time. The climate of tropical Africa transitioned from an interval of pronounced, orbitally-paced megadroughts to more humid and stable conditions approximately 70,000years ago (Scholz et al., 2007). The regional atmospheric circulation patterns that accompanied these climatic changes, however, are unclear due to a paucity of continental paleoclimate records from tropical Africa extending into the last interglacial. We present a new 140-kyr record of the deuterium/hydrogen isotopic ratio of terrestrial leaf waxes ( delta Dwax) from drill cores from Lake Malawi, southeast Africa, that spans this important climatic transition. delta Dwax shifts from highly variable and relatively D-depleted to more stable and D-enriched around 56ka, contemporary with the onset of more humid conditions in the region. Moisture source and transport history dominate the delta Dwax signal at Lake Malawi, with local rainfall amount playing a secondary role for much of the paleorecord. Analysis of modern moisture sources for Lake Malawi suggests that D-depletion of waxes during the megadroughts may have been caused by an enhanced contribution of the drier, D-depleted air mass currently located in central southern Africa to the Lake Malawi catchment. This D-depleted air mass is associated with the descending limb of the Hadley cell, which implies significant changes in the Hadley circulation during the megadroughts and related changes in the position of the Intertropical Convergence Zone over Africa. These findings demonstrate the ability of delta Dwax to serve as an atmospheric tracer when used in conjunction with additional proxy records for moisture balance, and elucidate potential mechanisms for pronounced hydrological change in southeast Africa during the late Pleistocene. |
Author | Konecky, Bronwen L. Johnson, Thomas C. Brown, Erik T. Werne, Josef P. Huang, Yongsong Russell, James M. Berke, Melissa A. |
Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Bronwen L. surname: Konecky fullname: Konecky, Bronwen L. email: bronwen_konecky@brown.edu organization: Department of Geological Sciences, Brown University, Box 1846, Providence, RI 029012, United States – sequence: 2 givenname: James M. surname: Russell fullname: Russell, James M. organization: Department of Geological Sciences, Brown University, Box 1846, Providence, RI 029012, United States – sequence: 3 givenname: Thomas C. surname: Johnson fullname: Johnson, Thomas C. organization: Large Lakes Observatory, University of Minnesota Duluth, Duluth, MN 55812, United States – sequence: 4 givenname: Erik T. surname: Brown fullname: Brown, Erik T. organization: Large Lakes Observatory, University of Minnesota Duluth, Duluth, MN 55812, United States – sequence: 5 givenname: Melissa A. surname: Berke fullname: Berke, Melissa A. organization: Large Lakes Observatory, University of Minnesota Duluth, Duluth, MN 55812, United States – sequence: 6 givenname: Josef P. surname: Werne fullname: Werne, Josef P. organization: Large Lakes Observatory, University of Minnesota Duluth, Duluth, MN 55812, United States – sequence: 7 givenname: Yongsong surname: Huang fullname: Huang, Yongsong organization: Department of Geological Sciences, Brown University, Box 1846, Providence, RI 029012, United States |
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SubjectTerms | Air masses Atmospheric circulation Atmospherics Climate East Africa Hydrogen isotopes Hydrology Lake Malawi Lakes Leaf waxes Megadroughts Moisture Waxes |
Title | Atmospheric circulation patterns during late Pleistocene climate changes at Lake Malawi, Africa |
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