Faults in crystalline rock and the estimation of their mechanical properties at the Olkiluoto site, western Finland

Brittle deformation zones at the Olkiluoto nuclear repository site in western Finland play critical roles in the strength and hydrology of the host rock mass. We present a procedure implemented there for incorporating information on deformation zones obtained through boreholes into quantitative engi...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published inEngineering geology Vol. 117; no. 3; pp. 246 - 258
Main Authors Hudson, John A., Cosgrove, John W., Kemppainen, Kimmo, Johansson, Erik
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Kidlington Elsevier B.V 02.02.2011
Elsevier
Subjects
Applied sciences
Brittle deformation zone
Brittleness
Buildings. Public works
Deformation
Ductile brittle transition
Engineering design
Exact sciences and technology
Fault
Faults
Finland
Geology
Geotechnics
Mechanical properties
Pollution
Radioactive waste repository
Radioactive wastes
Rock
Rock mechanics
Site investigation
Soil investigations. Testing
Soil mechanics. Rocks mechanics
Wastes
Europe
Finland
Brittle deformation zone
Radioactive waste repository
Fault
Rock mechanics
Finland
Site investigation
Radioactive waste
Deformation
Site analysis
Mechanical properties
Brittle material
Spoil dump
Classification
Example
Crystalline rocks
Online AccessGet full text

Cover

Abstract Brittle deformation zones at the Olkiluoto nuclear repository site in western Finland play critical roles in the strength and hydrology of the host rock mass. We present a procedure implemented there for incorporating information on deformation zones obtained through boreholes into quantitative engineering design. First, ductile and brittle deformation zones are classified based on their characteristics in drillhole cores as brittle joint clusters, brittle fault zones, or semi-brittle fault zones, with an awareness of the geologic processes that caused the zones to develop as they did. Next, it is shown that the mechanical properties of the brittle deformation zones can be calculated by one of several methods, each of which has advantages and disadvantages. The site geology must be kept in mind at all stages to arrive at meaningful estimates of the mechanical properties of the deformation zones. ► Structural geology provides important support for rock engineering design. ► Brittle and ductile deformation zones are examined and illustrated. ► An integrated structural geology-rock mechanics engineering approach is described.
AbstractList Brittle deformation zones at the Olkiluoto nuclear repository site in western Finland play critical roles in the strength and hydrology of the host rock mass. We present a procedure implemented there for incorporating information on deformation zones obtained through boreholes into quantitative engineering design. First, ductile and brittle deformation zones are classified based on their characteristics in drillhole cores as brittle joint clusters, brittle fault zones, or semi-brittle fault zones, with an awareness of the geologic processes that caused the zones to develop as they did. Next, it is shown that the mechanical properties of the brittle deformation zones can be calculated by one of several methods, each of which has advantages and disadvantages. The site geology must be kept in mind at all stages to arrive at meaningful estimates of the mechanical properties of the deformation zones.
Brittle deformation zones at the Olkiluoto nuclear repository site in western Finland play critical roles in the strength and hydrology of the host rock mass. We present a procedure implemented there for incorporating information on deformation zones obtained through boreholes into quantitative engineering design. First, ductile and brittle deformation zones are classified based on their characteristics in drillhole cores as brittle joint clusters, brittle fault zones, or semi-brittle fault zones, with an awareness of the geologic processes that caused the zones to develop as they did. Next, it is shown that the mechanical properties of the brittle deformation zones can be calculated by one of several methods, each of which has advantages and disadvantages. The site geology must be kept in mind at all stages to arrive at meaningful estimates of the mechanical properties of the deformation zones. ► Structural geology provides important support for rock engineering design. ► Brittle and ductile deformation zones are examined and illustrated. ► An integrated structural geology-rock mechanics engineering approach is described.
Author Hudson, John A.
Johansson, Erik
Cosgrove, John W.
Kemppainen, Kimmo
Author_xml – sequence: 1
  givenname: John A.
  surname: Hudson
  fullname: Hudson, John A.
  email: john.a.hudson@gmail.com
  organization: Department of Earth Science and Engineering, Imperial College, London SW7 2AZ, UK
– sequence: 2
  givenname: John W.
  surname: Cosgrove
  fullname: Cosgrove, John W.
  organization: Department of Earth Science and Engineering, Imperial College, London SW7 2AZ, UK
– sequence: 3
  givenname: Kimmo
  surname: Kemppainen
  fullname: Kemppainen, Kimmo
  organization: Posiva Oy, Olkiluoto, Eurajoki 27160, Finland
– sequence: 4
  givenname: Erik
  surname: Johansson
  fullname: Johansson, Erik
  organization: Saanio and Riekkola Oy, Laulukuja 4, Helsinki 00420, Finland
BackLink http://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=23769109$$DView record in Pascal Francis
BookMark eNp9UU1vGyEURFUq1fn4Bz1wqdpD1-XBelkulaqoTipFyqU5I8w-EhwMLuBU-fdh66jHnICnmXnDzCk5iSkiIR-BLYHB8G27xHh_j2nJ2TyCJWP9O7KAUfJuUCBPyIIxEJ1UK_6BnJaynZ-MyQUpa3MItVAfqc3PpZoQfESak32kJk60PiDFUv3OVJ8iTW6e-Ex3aB9M9NYEus9pj7l6LNTUf4Tb8OjDIdVEi6_4lf5tCpgjXfsYmug5ee9MKHjxep6Ru_XP35fX3c3t1a_LHzed6XuonVg5toGJcafav0QPEjZ2cqvJbnASapK9bJfR2FGM3DkmBYCZRjYop9yGc3FGPh91m8M_h-ZB73yxGJoHTIeix0GtlICxb8gvbyJBDhxACSUatD9CbU6lZHR6n1s6-VkD03MbequPbei5DQ2gWxuN9ul1gyktNJdNtL7853IhW1FMNdz3Iw5bME8esy7WY7Q4-Yy26in5txe9AGsupQc
CODEN EGGOAO
CitedBy_id crossref_primary_10_1016_j_gete_2023_100495
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_colsurfa_2013_02_002
crossref_primary_10_1111_1755_6724_13824
crossref_primary_10_1007_s00603_022_03006_3
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_enggeo_2011_09_012
crossref_primary_10_1520_JTE20180879
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_enggeo_2016_06_001
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_trgeo_2024_101217
crossref_primary_10_5194_se_9_683_2018
crossref_primary_10_1180_clm_2020_12
crossref_primary_10_1007_s10064_022_02962_y
crossref_primary_10_1007_s10064_016_0925_z
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_enggeo_2022_106954
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_enggeo_2011_01_011
crossref_primary_10_1002_dug2_12065
crossref_primary_10_1061__ASCE_GM_1943_5622_0002633
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_compgeo_2022_104838
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_tecto_2016_06_021
crossref_primary_10_1007_s00603_018_1479_0
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_tecto_2022_229208
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_enggeo_2020_105591
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_enggeo_2013_05_020
crossref_primary_10_1007_s10064_020_01900_0
crossref_primary_10_1007_s00603_017_1371_3
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_enggeo_2023_107358
crossref_primary_10_1007_s00603_020_02260_7
Cites_doi 10.1130/B25088.1
10.1111/j.1365-2478.1979.tb00977.x
10.1098/rsta.1986.0026
10.1130/0091-7613(1986)14<56:NODSZO>2.0.CO;2
10.1680/geot.1965.15.3.287
10.1144/GSL.QJEG.1999.032.P1.01
10.1007/BF00875717
10.1016/j.jsg.2004.06.013
10.1007/BF01239496
10.1130/0016-7606(1974)85<1515:CATGOF>2.0.CO;2
10.1016/0040-1951(83)90296-2
10.1016/0040-1951(85)90071-X
10.1016/j.ijrmms.2005.06.005
10.1130/0091-7613(1996)024<1025:FZAAPS>2.3.CO;2
10.1016/0191-8141(83)90005-6
10.1016/0191-8141(96)00045-4
10.1016/0148-9062(91)90596-E
10.1016/0148-9062(76)90818-4
ContentType Journal Article
Copyright 2010 Elsevier B.V.
2015 INIST-CNRS
Copyright_xml – notice: 2010 Elsevier B.V.
– notice: 2015 INIST-CNRS
DBID IQODW
AAYXX
CITATION
7SU
8FD
C1K
FR3
KR7
7TN
7UA
F1W
H96
L.G
DOI 10.1016/j.enggeo.2010.11.004
DatabaseName Pascal-Francis
CrossRef
Environmental Engineering Abstracts
Technology Research Database
Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management
Engineering Research Database
Civil Engineering Abstracts
Oceanic Abstracts
Water Resources Abstracts
ASFA: Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts
Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) 2: Ocean Technology, Policy & Non-Living Resources
Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) Professional
DatabaseTitle CrossRef
Civil Engineering Abstracts
Engineering Research Database
Technology Research Database
Environmental Engineering Abstracts
Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management
Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) Professional
Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) 2: Ocean Technology, Policy & Non-Living Resources
Oceanic Abstracts
ASFA: Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts
Water Resources Abstracts
DatabaseTitleList Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) Professional
Civil Engineering Abstracts
DeliveryMethod fulltext_linktorsrc
Discipline Engineering
Applied Sciences
Geology
EISSN 1872-6917
EndPage 258
ExternalDocumentID 10_1016_j_enggeo_2010_11_004
23769109
S0013795210002358
GeographicLocations Europe
Finland
GeographicLocations_xml – name: Finland
GroupedDBID --K
--M
-~X
.~1
0R~
1B1
1RT
1~.
1~5
29G
4.4
457
4G.
5GY
5VS
6TJ
7-5
71M
8P~
9JN
AABNK
AACTN
AAEDT
AAEDW
AAIAV
AAIKJ
AAKOC
AALRI
AAOAW
AAQFI
AAQXK
AAXUO
ABFNM
ABJNI
ABMAC
ABQEM
ABQYD
ABTAH
ABXDB
ABYKQ
ACDAQ
ACGFS
ACLVX
ACNCT
ACRLP
ACSBN
ADBBV
ADEZE
ADMUD
AEBSH
AEKER
AENEX
AFFNX
AFKWA
AFTJW
AGHFR
AGUBO
AGYEJ
AHHHB
AI.
AIEXJ
AIKHN
AITUG
AJBFU
AJOXV
ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS
AMFUW
AMRAJ
ASPBG
ATOGT
AVWKF
AXJTR
AZFZN
BKOJK
BLXMC
CS3
DU5
EBS
EFJIC
EFLBG
EJD
EO8
EO9
EP2
EP3
FDB
FEDTE
FGOYB
FIRID
FNPLU
FYGXN
G-2
G-Q
GBLVA
HMA
HVGLF
HZ~
H~9
IHE
IMUCA
J1W
K-O
KOM
LY3
LY7
M41
MO0
N9A
O-L
O9-
OAUVE
OZT
P-8
P-9
P2P
PC.
Q38
R2-
RIG
ROL
RPZ
SDF
SDG
SDP
SEP
SES
SET
SEW
SPC
SPCBC
SSE
SSZ
T5K
TN5
VH1
WUQ
XOL
XPP
ZCG
ZMT
ZY4
~02
~G-
08R
AAPBV
ABPIF
ABPTK
IQODW
VOH
AAHBH
AAXKI
AAYXX
AFJKZ
AKRWK
CITATION
7SU
8FD
C1K
FR3
KR7
7TN
7UA
F1W
H96
L.G
ID FETCH-LOGICAL-a441t-35f0b1d02f920134171bcdf5dcbed39d747bed8ac8382ff07311ad8069f9fb223
IEDL.DBID AIKHN
ISSN 0013-7952
IngestDate Sat Oct 26 01:29:44 EDT 2024
Fri Oct 25 06:44:29 EDT 2024
Thu Sep 26 18:14:14 EDT 2024
Sun Oct 22 16:08:44 EDT 2023
Fri Feb 23 02:15:52 EST 2024
IsPeerReviewed true
IsScholarly true
Issue 3
Keywords Brittle deformation zone
Radioactive waste repository
Fault
Rock mechanics
Finland
Site investigation
Radioactive waste
Deformation
Site analysis
Mechanical properties
Brittle material
Spoil dump
Classification
Example
Crystalline rocks
Language English
License CC BY 4.0
LinkModel DirectLink
MergedId FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-a441t-35f0b1d02f920134171bcdf5dcbed39d747bed8ac8382ff07311ad8069f9fb223
Notes ObjectType-Article-1
SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
ObjectType-Feature-2
content type line 23
PQID 1762119393
PQPubID 23500
PageCount 13
ParticipantIDs proquest_miscellaneous_869593184
proquest_miscellaneous_1762119393
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_enggeo_2010_11_004
pascalfrancis_primary_23769109
elsevier_sciencedirect_doi_10_1016_j_enggeo_2010_11_004
PublicationCentury 2000
PublicationDate 2011-02-02
PublicationDateYYYYMMDD 2011-02-02
PublicationDate_xml – month: 02
  year: 2011
  text: 2011-02-02
  day: 02
PublicationDecade 2010
PublicationPlace Kidlington
PublicationPlace_xml – name: Kidlington
PublicationTitle Engineering geology
PublicationYear 2011
Publisher Elsevier B.V
Elsevier
Publisher_xml – name: Elsevier B.V
– name: Elsevier
References Cosgrove (bb0045) 2007; vol. 272
Caine, Evans, Forster (bb0025) 1996; 24
Piscoran, Schultz (bb0125) 1995
Sjøgren, Øfsthus, Sandberg (bb0170) 1979; 27
Pollard, Fletcher (bb0130) 2005
Chester, Freidman, Logan (bb0035) 1985; 111
Posiva (bb0135) 2009
Gamond (bb0065) 1983; 5
Logan, Freidman, Higgs, Dengo, Shimamoto (bb0100) 1979
D'Alessio, Martel (bb0055) 2005; 27
Barton, Lien, Lunde (bb0015) 1974; 6
Milnes (bb0115) 2006
Schultz (bb0160) 1996; 18
(bb0180) 2007
Cosgrove (bb0040) 1976; 262
Priest, Hudson (bb0145) 1976; 13
Terzaghi (bb0175) 1965; 15
Engelder (bb0060) 1974; 85
Cosma, Enescu, Ahokas, Heikkinen (bb0050) 2009
Milnes, Hudson, Wikström, Aaltonen (bb0120) 2006
Hoek, Diederichs (bb0090) 2006; 43
Barton (bb0020) 2007
Griffith, Sanz, Pollard (bb0075) 2010
Logan, Higgs, Freidman (bb0105) 1981; vol. 24
Rutter, Maddock, Hall, White (bb0150) 1986; 124
Martel, Peterson (bb0110) 1991; 28
(bb0010) 1987
Caine, Tomusiak (bb0030) 2003; 115
Price, Cosgrove (bb0140) 1990
Sakurai (bb0155) 1993; vol. 4
Harrison, Hudson (bb0080) 2000
Leijon (bb0095) 1993
Glamheden, Hansen, Fredriksson, Bergkvist, Markström, Elfström (bb0070) 2007
White, Brenon, Ritter (bb0185) 1986; A317
Segall, Simpson (bb0165) 1986; 14
Hoek (bb0085) 1999; 32
Anderson, Osborne, Palmer (bb0005) 1983; 98
Cosgrove (10.1016/j.enggeo.2010.11.004_bb0045) 2007; vol. 272
Barton (10.1016/j.enggeo.2010.11.004_bb0020) 2007
Glamheden (10.1016/j.enggeo.2010.11.004_bb0070) 2007
Hoek (10.1016/j.enggeo.2010.11.004_bb0090) 2006; 43
Hoek (10.1016/j.enggeo.2010.11.004_bb0085) 1999; 32
Cosma (10.1016/j.enggeo.2010.11.004_bb0050) 2009
Schultz (10.1016/j.enggeo.2010.11.004_bb0160) 1996; 18
Griffith (10.1016/j.enggeo.2010.11.004_bb0075) 2010
(10.1016/j.enggeo.2010.11.004_bb0010) 1987
Logan (10.1016/j.enggeo.2010.11.004_bb0105) 1981; vol. 24
Posiva (10.1016/j.enggeo.2010.11.004_bb0135) 2009
Sjøgren (10.1016/j.enggeo.2010.11.004_bb0170) 1979; 27
Pollard (10.1016/j.enggeo.2010.11.004_bb0130) 2005
D'Alessio (10.1016/j.enggeo.2010.11.004_bb0055) 2005; 27
Rutter (10.1016/j.enggeo.2010.11.004_bb0150) 1986; 124
Sakurai (10.1016/j.enggeo.2010.11.004_bb0155) 1993; vol. 4
Chester (10.1016/j.enggeo.2010.11.004_bb0035) 1985; 111
Logan (10.1016/j.enggeo.2010.11.004_bb0100) 1979
White (10.1016/j.enggeo.2010.11.004_bb0185) 1986; A317
Gamond (10.1016/j.enggeo.2010.11.004_bb0065) 1983; 5
(10.1016/j.enggeo.2010.11.004_bb0180) 2007
Harrison (10.1016/j.enggeo.2010.11.004_bb0080) 2000
Cosgrove (10.1016/j.enggeo.2010.11.004_bb0040) 1976; 262
Barton (10.1016/j.enggeo.2010.11.004_bb0015) 1974; 6
Piscoran (10.1016/j.enggeo.2010.11.004_bb0125) 1995
Price (10.1016/j.enggeo.2010.11.004_bb0140) 1990
Caine (10.1016/j.enggeo.2010.11.004_bb0025) 1996; 24
Milnes (10.1016/j.enggeo.2010.11.004_bb0120) 2006
Martel (10.1016/j.enggeo.2010.11.004_bb0110) 1991; 28
Priest (10.1016/j.enggeo.2010.11.004_bb0145) 1976; 13
Engelder (10.1016/j.enggeo.2010.11.004_bb0060) 1974; 85
Milnes (10.1016/j.enggeo.2010.11.004_bb0115) 2006
Terzaghi (10.1016/j.enggeo.2010.11.004_bb0175) 1965; 15
Anderson (10.1016/j.enggeo.2010.11.004_bb0005) 1983; 98
Segall (10.1016/j.enggeo.2010.11.004_bb0165) 1986; 14
Leijon (10.1016/j.enggeo.2010.11.004_bb0095) 1993
Caine (10.1016/j.enggeo.2010.11.004_bb0030) 2003; 115
References_xml – volume: 85
  start-page: 1515
  year: 1974
  end-page: 1522
  ident: bb0060
  article-title: Cataclasis and the generation of fault gouge
  publication-title: Geol. Soc. Am. Bull.
  contributor:
    fullname: Engelder
– volume: 115
  start-page: 1410
  year: 2003
  end-page: 1424
  ident: bb0030
  article-title: Brittle structures and their role in controlling porosity and permeability in a complex Precambrian crystalline rock aquifer system in the Colorado Rocky Mountain Front Range
  publication-title: Geol. Soc. Am. Bull.
  contributor:
    fullname: Tomusiak
– year: 2007
  ident: bb0020
  article-title: Rock Quality, Seismic Velocity, Attenuation and Anisotropy
  contributor:
    fullname: Barton
– year: 2000
  ident: bb0080
  article-title: Engineering Rock Mechanics: Part 2—Illustrative Worked Examples
  contributor:
    fullname: Hudson
– volume: A317
  start-page: 81
  year: 1986
  end-page: 97
  ident: bb0185
  article-title: Fault-zone reactivation: kinematics and mechanics
  publication-title: Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond.
  contributor:
    fullname: Ritter
– volume: 27
  start-page: 35
  year: 2005
  end-page: 49
  ident: bb0055
  article-title: Development of strike-slip faults from dikes, Sequoia National Park, California
  publication-title: J. Struct. Geol.
  contributor:
    fullname: Martel
– volume: 15
  start-page: 287
  year: 1965
  end-page: 304
  ident: bb0175
  article-title: Sources of error in joint surveys
  publication-title: Geotechnique
  contributor:
    fullname: Terzaghi
– volume: vol. 272
  start-page: 61
  year: 2007
  end-page: 76
  ident: bb0045
  article-title: The use of shear zones and related structures as kinematic indicators: a review
  publication-title: Deformation of the Continental Crust: The Legacy of Mike Coward
  contributor:
    fullname: Cosgrove
– volume: 262
  start-page: 153
  year: 1976
  end-page: 176
  ident: bb0040
  article-title: The formation of crenulation cleavage
  publication-title: J. Geol. Soc. Lond.
  contributor:
    fullname: Cosgrove
– year: 2006
  ident: bb0115
  article-title: Understanding Brittle Deformation at the Olkiluoto Site—Literature Compilation for Site Characterization and Geological Modelling. Posiva Report 2006-25
  contributor:
    fullname: Milnes
– volume: 111
  start-page: 139
  year: 1985
  end-page: 146
  ident: bb0035
  article-title: Foliated cataclasites
  publication-title: Tectonophysics
  contributor:
    fullname: Logan
– volume: vol. 24
  start-page: 121
  year: 1981
  end-page: 134
  ident: bb0105
  article-title: Laboratory studies on natural gouge from the U.S. Geological Survey Dry Lake Valley No. 1 well, San Andreas fault zone
  publication-title: Geophys. Monograph
  contributor:
    fullname: Freidman
– volume: 27
  start-page: 409
  year: 1979
  end-page: 442
  ident: bb0170
  article-title: Seismic classification of rock mass qualities
  publication-title: Geophys. Prospect.
  contributor:
    fullname: Sandberg
– volume: 28
  start-page: 295
  year: 1991
  end-page: 323
  ident: bb0110
  article-title: Interdisciplinary characterization of fracture systems at the US/BK site, Grimsel Laboratory, Switzerland
  publication-title: Int. J. Rock Mech. Min. Sci. Geomech. Abstr.
  contributor:
    fullname: Peterson
– volume: 18
  start-page: 1139
  year: 1996
  end-page: 1149
  ident: bb0160
  article-title: Relative scale and the strength and deformability of rock masses
  publication-title: J. Struct. Geol.
  contributor:
    fullname: Schultz
– start-page: 1595
  year: 2010
  end-page: 1627
  ident: bb0075
  article-title: Influence of outcrop scale fractures on the effective stiffness of fault damage zone rocks
  publication-title: Earth Environ. Sci.
  contributor:
    fullname: Pollard
– volume: 24
  start-page: 1025
  year: 1996
  end-page: 1028
  ident: bb0025
  article-title: Fault zone architecture and permeability structure
  publication-title: Geology
  contributor:
    fullname: Forster
– start-page: 1
  year: 1987
  end-page: 26
  ident: bb0010
  publication-title: Fracture Mechanics of Rock
– volume: 13
  start-page: 135
  year: 1976
  end-page: 148
  ident: bb0145
  article-title: Discontinuity spacings in rock
  publication-title: Int. J. Rock Mech. Min. Sci. Geomech. Abstr.
  contributor:
    fullname: Hudson
– volume: 98
  start-page: 209
  year: 1983
  end-page: 251
  ident: bb0005
  article-title: Cataclastic rocks of the San Gabriel fault—an expression of deformation at deeper crustal levels in the San Andreas fault zone
  publication-title: Tectonophysics
  contributor:
    fullname: Palmer
– year: 2005
  ident: bb0130
  article-title: Fundamentals of Structural Geology
  contributor:
    fullname: Fletcher
– volume: 124
  start-page: 3
  year: 1986
  end-page: 29
  ident: bb0150
  article-title: Comparative microstructures of natural and experimentally produced clay-bearing gouges
  publication-title: Pure Appl. Geophys.
  contributor:
    fullname: White
– year: 1990
  ident: bb0140
  article-title: Analysis of Geological Structures
  contributor:
    fullname: Cosgrove
– start-page: 6
  year: 1995
  end-page: 8
  ident: bb0125
  article-title: Evolving fracture arrays and associated changes in rock mass properties
  publication-title: Proceedings, 6th International Conference on High Level Radioactive Waste Management
  contributor:
    fullname: Schultz
– volume: vol. 4
  start-page: 543
  year: 1993
  end-page: 569
  ident: bb0155
  article-title: Back analysis in rock engineering
  publication-title: Comprehensive Rock Engineering
  contributor:
    fullname: Sakurai
– year: 1993
  ident: bb0095
  article-title: Mechanical Properties of Fracture Zones. SKB report, TR 93-19
  contributor:
    fullname: Leijon
– volume: 14
  start-page: 56
  year: 1986
  end-page: 59
  ident: bb0165
  article-title: Nucleation of ductile shear zones on dilatant fractures
  publication-title: Geology
  contributor:
    fullname: Simpson
– volume: 5
  start-page: 33
  year: 1983
  end-page: 45
  ident: bb0065
  article-title: Displacement features associated with fault zones: a comparison between observed examples and experimental models
  publication-title: J. Struct. Geol.
  contributor:
    fullname: Gamond
– volume: 43
  start-page: 203
  year: 2006
  end-page: 215
  ident: bb0090
  article-title: Empirical estimation of rock mass modulus
  publication-title: Int. J. Rock Mech. Min. Sci.
  contributor:
    fullname: Diederichs
– year: 2007
  ident: bb0070
  article-title: Mechanical Modelling of the Singö Deformation Zone. SKB Report R-07-06
  contributor:
    fullname: Elfström
– year: 2007
  ident: bb0180
  publication-title: The Complete ISRM Suggested Methods for Rock Characterization, Testing and Monitoring: 1974–2006
– volume: 32
  start-page: 1
  year: 1999
  end-page: 19
  ident: bb0085
  article-title: Putting numbers to geology—an engineer's viewpoint
  publication-title: Quart J. Eng. Geol. Hydrogeol.
  contributor:
    fullname: Hoek
– year: 2009
  ident: bb0050
  article-title: High resolution seismic profiling for tunnel engineering at Olkiluoto, Finland
  publication-title: Near Surface 2009—15th European Meeting of Environmental and Engineering Geophysics, Dublin, Ireland
  contributor:
    fullname: Heikkinen
– volume: 6
  start-page: 183
  year: 1974
  end-page: 236
  ident: bb0015
  article-title: Engineering classification of rock masses for the design of tunnel support
  publication-title: Rock Mech.
  contributor:
    fullname: Lunde
– start-page: 305
  year: 1979
  end-page: 343
  ident: bb0100
  article-title: Experimental studies of simulated gouge and their application to studies of natural fault zones
  publication-title: Proc. Conf. VIII, Analysis of Actual Fault Zones in Bedrock. U.S. Geol. Survey Open File Rep. 79-1239
  contributor:
    fullname: Shimamoto
– year: 2009
  ident: bb0135
  article-title: Olkiluoto Site Description, 2008. Parts 1 & 2, Posiva Report 2009-01
  contributor:
    fullname: Posiva
– year: 2006
  ident: bb0120
  article-title: Foliation: Geological Background, Rock Mechanics Significance, and Preliminary Investigations at Olkiluoto. Posiva Report 2006-03
  contributor:
    fullname: Aaltonen
– volume: 115
  start-page: 1410
  year: 2003
  ident: 10.1016/j.enggeo.2010.11.004_bb0030
  article-title: Brittle structures and their role in controlling porosity and permeability in a complex Precambrian crystalline rock aquifer system in the Colorado Rocky Mountain Front Range
  publication-title: Geol. Soc. Am. Bull.
  doi: 10.1130/B25088.1
  contributor:
    fullname: Caine
– volume: vol. 272
  start-page: 61
  year: 2007
  ident: 10.1016/j.enggeo.2010.11.004_bb0045
  article-title: The use of shear zones and related structures as kinematic indicators: a review
  contributor:
    fullname: Cosgrove
– start-page: 1
  year: 1987
  ident: 10.1016/j.enggeo.2010.11.004_bb0010
– volume: 27
  start-page: 409
  year: 1979
  ident: 10.1016/j.enggeo.2010.11.004_bb0170
  article-title: Seismic classification of rock mass qualities
  publication-title: Geophys. Prospect.
  doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2478.1979.tb00977.x
  contributor:
    fullname: Sjøgren
– start-page: 6
  year: 1995
  ident: 10.1016/j.enggeo.2010.11.004_bb0125
  article-title: Evolving fracture arrays and associated changes in rock mass properties
  contributor:
    fullname: Piscoran
– volume: A317
  start-page: 81
  year: 1986
  ident: 10.1016/j.enggeo.2010.11.004_bb0185
  article-title: Fault-zone reactivation: kinematics and mechanics
  publication-title: Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond.
  doi: 10.1098/rsta.1986.0026
  contributor:
    fullname: White
– volume: 14
  start-page: 56
  issue: 1
  year: 1986
  ident: 10.1016/j.enggeo.2010.11.004_bb0165
  article-title: Nucleation of ductile shear zones on dilatant fractures
  publication-title: Geology
  doi: 10.1130/0091-7613(1986)14<56:NODSZO>2.0.CO;2
  contributor:
    fullname: Segall
– year: 2009
  ident: 10.1016/j.enggeo.2010.11.004_bb0050
  article-title: High resolution seismic profiling for tunnel engineering at Olkiluoto, Finland
  contributor:
    fullname: Cosma
– volume: 15
  start-page: 287
  year: 1965
  ident: 10.1016/j.enggeo.2010.11.004_bb0175
  article-title: Sources of error in joint surveys
  publication-title: Geotechnique
  doi: 10.1680/geot.1965.15.3.287
  contributor:
    fullname: Terzaghi
– volume: 32
  start-page: 1
  issue: 1
  year: 1999
  ident: 10.1016/j.enggeo.2010.11.004_bb0085
  article-title: Putting numbers to geology—an engineer's viewpoint
  publication-title: Quart J. Eng. Geol. Hydrogeol.
  doi: 10.1144/GSL.QJEG.1999.032.P1.01
  contributor:
    fullname: Hoek
– volume: 124
  start-page: 3
  year: 1986
  ident: 10.1016/j.enggeo.2010.11.004_bb0150
  article-title: Comparative microstructures of natural and experimentally produced clay-bearing gouges
  publication-title: Pure Appl. Geophys.
  doi: 10.1007/BF00875717
  contributor:
    fullname: Rutter
– year: 1990
  ident: 10.1016/j.enggeo.2010.11.004_bb0140
  contributor:
    fullname: Price
– volume: 27
  start-page: 35
  issue: 1
  year: 2005
  ident: 10.1016/j.enggeo.2010.11.004_bb0055
  article-title: Development of strike-slip faults from dikes, Sequoia National Park, California
  publication-title: J. Struct. Geol.
  doi: 10.1016/j.jsg.2004.06.013
  contributor:
    fullname: D'Alessio
– volume: 6
  start-page: 183
  year: 1974
  ident: 10.1016/j.enggeo.2010.11.004_bb0015
  article-title: Engineering classification of rock masses for the design of tunnel support
  publication-title: Rock Mech.
  doi: 10.1007/BF01239496
  contributor:
    fullname: Barton
– year: 2000
  ident: 10.1016/j.enggeo.2010.11.004_bb0080
  contributor:
    fullname: Harrison
– volume: 85
  start-page: 1515
  year: 1974
  ident: 10.1016/j.enggeo.2010.11.004_bb0060
  article-title: Cataclasis and the generation of fault gouge
  publication-title: Geol. Soc. Am. Bull.
  doi: 10.1130/0016-7606(1974)85<1515:CATGOF>2.0.CO;2
  contributor:
    fullname: Engelder
– year: 2006
  ident: 10.1016/j.enggeo.2010.11.004_bb0120
  contributor:
    fullname: Milnes
– year: 2009
  ident: 10.1016/j.enggeo.2010.11.004_bb0135
  contributor:
    fullname: Posiva
– start-page: 1595
  year: 2010
  ident: 10.1016/j.enggeo.2010.11.004_bb0075
  article-title: Influence of outcrop scale fractures on the effective stiffness of fault damage zone rocks
  publication-title: Earth Environ. Sci.
  contributor:
    fullname: Griffith
– year: 2006
  ident: 10.1016/j.enggeo.2010.11.004_bb0115
  contributor:
    fullname: Milnes
– volume: 98
  start-page: 209
  year: 1983
  ident: 10.1016/j.enggeo.2010.11.004_bb0005
  article-title: Cataclastic rocks of the San Gabriel fault—an expression of deformation at deeper crustal levels in the San Andreas fault zone
  publication-title: Tectonophysics
  doi: 10.1016/0040-1951(83)90296-2
  contributor:
    fullname: Anderson
– year: 2007
  ident: 10.1016/j.enggeo.2010.11.004_bb0020
  contributor:
    fullname: Barton
– volume: 111
  start-page: 139
  year: 1985
  ident: 10.1016/j.enggeo.2010.11.004_bb0035
  article-title: Foliated cataclasites
  publication-title: Tectonophysics
  doi: 10.1016/0040-1951(85)90071-X
  contributor:
    fullname: Chester
– year: 2007
  ident: 10.1016/j.enggeo.2010.11.004_bb0180
– volume: 43
  start-page: 203
  year: 2006
  ident: 10.1016/j.enggeo.2010.11.004_bb0090
  article-title: Empirical estimation of rock mass modulus
  publication-title: Int. J. Rock Mech. Min. Sci.
  doi: 10.1016/j.ijrmms.2005.06.005
  contributor:
    fullname: Hoek
– start-page: 305
  year: 1979
  ident: 10.1016/j.enggeo.2010.11.004_bb0100
  article-title: Experimental studies of simulated gouge and their application to studies of natural fault zones
  contributor:
    fullname: Logan
– volume: 24
  start-page: 1025
  issue: 11
  year: 1996
  ident: 10.1016/j.enggeo.2010.11.004_bb0025
  article-title: Fault zone architecture and permeability structure
  publication-title: Geology
  doi: 10.1130/0091-7613(1996)024<1025:FZAAPS>2.3.CO;2
  contributor:
    fullname: Caine
– year: 2007
  ident: 10.1016/j.enggeo.2010.11.004_bb0070
  contributor:
    fullname: Glamheden
– year: 1993
  ident: 10.1016/j.enggeo.2010.11.004_bb0095
  contributor:
    fullname: Leijon
– volume: 5
  start-page: 33
  year: 1983
  ident: 10.1016/j.enggeo.2010.11.004_bb0065
  article-title: Displacement features associated with fault zones: a comparison between observed examples and experimental models
  publication-title: J. Struct. Geol.
  doi: 10.1016/0191-8141(83)90005-6
  contributor:
    fullname: Gamond
– volume: 18
  start-page: 1139
  year: 1996
  ident: 10.1016/j.enggeo.2010.11.004_bb0160
  article-title: Relative scale and the strength and deformability of rock masses
  publication-title: J. Struct. Geol.
  doi: 10.1016/0191-8141(96)00045-4
  contributor:
    fullname: Schultz
– volume: 28
  start-page: 295
  issue: 4
  year: 1991
  ident: 10.1016/j.enggeo.2010.11.004_bb0110
  article-title: Interdisciplinary characterization of fracture systems at the US/BK site, Grimsel Laboratory, Switzerland
  publication-title: Int. J. Rock Mech. Min. Sci. Geomech. Abstr.
  doi: 10.1016/0148-9062(91)90596-E
  contributor:
    fullname: Martel
– volume: 13
  start-page: 135
  issue: 5
  year: 1976
  ident: 10.1016/j.enggeo.2010.11.004_bb0145
  article-title: Discontinuity spacings in rock
  publication-title: Int. J. Rock Mech. Min. Sci. Geomech. Abstr.
  doi: 10.1016/0148-9062(76)90818-4
  contributor:
    fullname: Priest
– volume: vol. 4
  start-page: 543
  year: 1993
  ident: 10.1016/j.enggeo.2010.11.004_bb0155
  article-title: Back analysis in rock engineering
  contributor:
    fullname: Sakurai
– volume: vol. 24
  start-page: 121
  year: 1981
  ident: 10.1016/j.enggeo.2010.11.004_bb0105
  article-title: Laboratory studies on natural gouge from the U.S. Geological Survey Dry Lake Valley No. 1 well, San Andreas fault zone
  contributor:
    fullname: Logan
– volume: 262
  start-page: 153
  year: 1976
  ident: 10.1016/j.enggeo.2010.11.004_bb0040
  article-title: The formation of crenulation cleavage
  publication-title: J. Geol. Soc. Lond.
  contributor:
    fullname: Cosgrove
– year: 2005
  ident: 10.1016/j.enggeo.2010.11.004_bb0130
  contributor:
    fullname: Pollard
SSID ssj0013007
Score 2.1586206
Snippet Brittle deformation zones at the Olkiluoto nuclear repository site in western Finland play critical roles in the strength and hydrology of the host rock mass....
SourceID proquest
crossref
pascalfrancis
elsevier
SourceType Aggregation Database
Index Database
Publisher
StartPage 246
SubjectTerms Applied sciences
Brittle deformation zone
Brittleness
Buildings. Public works
Deformation
Ductile brittle transition
Engineering design
Exact sciences and technology
Fault
Faults
Finland
Geology
Geotechnics
Mechanical properties
Pollution
Radioactive waste repository
Radioactive wastes
Rock
Rock mechanics
Site investigation
Soil investigations. Testing
Soil mechanics. Rocks mechanics
Wastes
Title Faults in crystalline rock and the estimation of their mechanical properties at the Olkiluoto site, western Finland
URI https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enggeo.2010.11.004
https://search.proquest.com/docview/1762119393
https://search.proquest.com/docview/869593184
Volume 117
hasFullText 1
inHoldings 1
isFullTextHit
isPrint
link http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwnV1Ni9swEB3ycdmllLa7y6YfYQo91oll50M-htCQtjS9NJCbkGwruJu1Q-Iceulv74xltw3dUij4YEyEzYwz78ma9wTwZipiQ7jGDQ5CeiOaMngmZhVIYsfEz61wqrRPq8lyPfqwGW9aMG-0MNxWWdd-V9Oral1fGdbRHO6zjDW-IpxGBD_OtEW2oUtwFMgOdGfvPy5XvxYTfKea5o0MeECjoKvavNJ8u61UgFX5GPj1jm0PINSjvT5S3Kzb8OKP2l0B0uIJPK6ZJM7cwz6FVpo_g8vf_AWv4LjQp115xCzH-PCNeCAbcKdImHWHOk-QyB-yy4aTL2JhsVo3wPuU9cCcPtzzx_oDu66iLqsBn3d32e5UlAXywvNbrL0WcJHl3CV5DevFuy_zpVfvsuBpokKlF46tb0TiBzaiIBCoTYWJKVNJbNIkjBKab9CJ1LEMZWAtlQQhdCL9SWQja4hd3EAnL_L0FnBs2I6eKGhE-Zaxlb4lLAys0ZORFtr0wGsiq_bOTEM1XWZflcuE4kzQvERRJnowbcKvzl4KRfX-HyP7Z9n6eTtuAiKGFPXgdZM-RX8oXiXReVqcjkoQPAiitVHYA_zLb-SE_Zxpcvz8v5_wBVy4z9MBHS-hUx5O6SviN6XpQ3vwXfTrt_gH6Oz7LQ
link.rule.ids 315,783,787,4509,24128,27936,27937,45597,45691
linkProvider Elsevier
linkToHtml http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwnV1LT9wwEB7xOJQKIShFXV4dJI6kxJt92EeEWC2v5QISN8tOYhRYktVu9tB_35k4oaAWISHlEEWxEs3YM5_t-T4DHPZFbCmvcYGDkEGHpgyBjZkFkrgu4XMnPCvtetQb3nUu7rv3C3DacGG4rLKO_T6mV9G6fnJcW_N4kmXM8RVRX1H68aItchGWCQ0oGp3LJ-eXw9HfzYTQs6b5IANu0DDoqjKvNH94qFiAVfj4FdYntv0nQ61OzIzs5vyBF__E7iohDdZhrUaSeOJ_dgMW0vwbfH2lL7gJs4GZj8sZZjnG09-EA1mAO0XKWU9o8gQJ_CGrbHj6IhYOq30DfE6ZD8zuwwkv1k9ZdRVNWTW4GT9l43lRFsgbz0dYay3gIMu5SvI73A3Obk-HQX3KQmAICpVB1HWhFUnYdoqMQEmtL2xMnkpimyaRSmi-QTfSxDKSbecoJAhhEhn2lFPOErrYgqW8yNMfgF3LcvQEQRX5W8ZOho5yYdtZ0-sYYWwLgsayeuLFNHRTZfaovSc0e4LmJZo80YJ-Y379plNoivcftNx_462Xz3ERECEk1YKDxn2aBhTvkpg8LeYzLSg9CIK1KmoBvvOO7LGeM02Otz_9hz_hy_D2-kpfnY8ud2DFL1W36dqFpXI6T_cI65R2v-7LfwD8S_0h
openUrl ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Faults+in+crystalline+rock+and+the+estimation+of+their+mechanical+properties+at+the+Olkiluoto+site%2C+western+Finland&rft.jtitle=Engineering+geology&rft.au=HUDSON%2C+John+A&rft.au=COSGROVE%2C+John+W&rft.au=KEMPPAINEN%2C+Kimmo&rft.au=JOHANSSON%2C+Erik&rft.date=2011-02-02&rft.pub=Elsevier&rft.issn=0013-7952&rft.eissn=1872-6917&rft.volume=117&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=246&rft.epage=258&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.enggeo.2010.11.004&rft.externalDBID=n%2Fa&rft.externalDocID=23769109
thumbnail_l http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=0013-7952&client=summon
thumbnail_m http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=0013-7952&client=summon
thumbnail_s http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=0013-7952&client=summon