Constructing All Carbon Nanotube Hollow Fiber Membranes with Improved Performance in Separation and Antifouling for Water Treatment

• Published in: Environmental science & technology Vol. 48; no. 14; pp. 8062 - 8068
• Main Authors: Wei, Gaoliang, Yu, Hongtao, Quan, Xie, Chen, Shuo, Zhao, Huimin, Fan, Xinfei
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Washington, DC American Chemical Society 15.07.2014
• Subjects: Adsorption; Applied sciences; Biofouling - prevention & control; carbon nanotubes; Chemical engineering; decontamination; disinfection; Disinfection & disinfectants; Drinking water and swimming-pool water. Desalination; Electrochemical Techniques; electrochemistry; engineering; Exact sciences and technology; fluorides; General purification processes; Hollow fiber membranes; Membrane separation (reverse osmosis, dialysis...); Membranes; Membranes, Artificial; Microspheres; Nanotubes; Nanotubes, Carbon - chemistry; Nanotubes, Carbon - ultrastructure; Permeability; Pollution; Polystyrenes - chemistry; Polyvinyls - chemistry; Porosity; Rhodamines - isolation & purification; Wastewaters; Water Purification - methods; Water treatment; Water treatment and pollution; Membrane separation; Polymeric membrane; Water treatment; Fouling; Multiwalled nanotube; Vinylidene fluoride polymer; Antifouling membrane; Hollow fiber; Carbon nanotubes; Performance; Nanostructured materials; Comparative study
• DOI: 10.1021/es500506w
• ISSN: 0013-936X; 1520-5851

Manipulating carbon nanotubes (CNTs) through engineering into advanced membranes with superior performance for disinfection and decontamination of water shows great promise but is challenging. In this paper, a facile assembly of CNTs into novel hollow fiber membranes with tunable inner/outer diameters and structures is developed for the first time. These free-standing membranes composed entirely of CNTs feature a porosity of 86 ± 5% and a permeation flux of about 460 ± 50 L m–2 h–1 at a pressure differential of 0.04 MPa across the membrane. The randomly oriented interwoven structure of CNTs endows the membranes considerable resistance to pore blockage. Moreover, the adsorption capability of the CNT hollow fiber membranes, which is crucial in the efficient removal of small and trace contaminant molecules, is about 2 orders of magnitude higher than that of commercial polyvinylidene fluoride hollow fiber membranes. The unique advantage of the CNT hollow fiber membranes over other commercial membranes is that they can be in situ electrochemically regenerated after adsorption saturation.