VLF wave generation by amplitude-modulated HF heater waves at Gakona, Alaska
Experiments conducted at Gakona, Alaska, using the intensity‐modulated HF heating waves to interact with electrojet currents for the generation of VLF waves, are reported. An unexpected large increasing rate from 4 to 8 kHz in the frequency dependency of the VLF radiation intensity was observed. The...
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Published in | Geophysical research letters Vol. 35; no. 13; pp. L13101 - n/a |
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Main Authors | , , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
Washington, DC
American Geophysical Union
01.07.2008
Blackwell Publishing Ltd |
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Abstract | Experiments conducted at Gakona, Alaska, using the intensity‐modulated HF heating waves to interact with electrojet currents for the generation of VLF waves, are reported. An unexpected large increasing rate from 4 to 8 kHz in the frequency dependency of the VLF radiation intensity was observed. The peak value at 8 kHz was intense (about 7.5 dB above that of the 2 kHz signal used as a marker) and the wave intensity from 5 to 17 kHz appeared to be abnormally high (i.e., stronger than that at 2 kHz). In the experiments, we also observed the enhancement of spread‐E irregularities at electrojet current altitudes due to the amplitude‐modulated heater wave. These results and theoretical analyses suggest that temporally modulated electrojet currents mix with heater wave‐excited density irregularities to form whistler mode currents, which generate VLF whistler waves directly with much larger intensities and better directivity than a Hertzian dipole can. |
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AbstractList | Experiments conducted at Gakona, Alaska, using the intensity-modulated HF heating waves to interact with electrojet currents for the generation of VLF waves, are reported. An unexpected large increasing rate from 4 to 8 kHz in the frequency dependency of the VLF radiation intensity was observed. The peak value at 8 kHz was intense (about 7.5 dB above that of the 2 kHz signal used as a marker) and the wave intensity from 5 to 17 kHz appeared to be abnormally high (i.e., stronger than that at 2 kHz). In the experiments, we also observed the enhancement of spread-E irregularities at electrojet current altitudes due to the amplitude-modulated heater wave. These results and theoretical analyses suggest that temporally modulated electrojet currents mix with heater wave-excited density irregularities to form whistler mode currents, which generate VLF whistler waves directly with much larger intensities and better directivity than a Hertzian dipole can. |
Author | J. A. Cohen M. C. Lee Yen-Liang Wu R. Pradipta Spencer P. Kuo |
Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Spencer P. surname: Kuo fullname: Kuo, Spencer P. organization: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Polytechnic University, New York, Brooklyn, USA – sequence: 2 givenname: Yen-Liang surname: Wu fullname: Wu, Yen-Liang organization: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Polytechnic University, New York, Brooklyn, USA – sequence: 3 givenname: R. surname: Pradipta fullname: Pradipta, R. organization: Plasma Science and Fusion Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Massachusetts, Cambridge, USA – sequence: 4 givenname: J. A. surname: Cohen fullname: Cohen, J. A. organization: Plasma Science and Fusion Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Massachusetts, Cambridge, USA – sequence: 5 givenname: M. C. surname: Lee fullname: Lee, M. C. email: mclee@mit.edu organization: Plasma Science and Fusion Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA |
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Keywords | whistler mode current HF heater-modulated electrojet VLF whistler waves experimental studies altitude density Very low frequency radiation North America Whistler wave frequency intensity currents amplitude Dipole warming Wave generation |
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Res. – start-page: 14 year: 1978 – volume: 67 start-page: 448 year: 2003 article-title: Experimental and numerical studies on ELF/VLF wave generation by amplitude‐modulated HF heating waves publication-title: Phys. Scr. – volume: 24 start-page: 270 year: 1989 article-title: On the frequency dependence of ELF/VLF waves produced by RF ionospheric heating publication-title: Radio Sci. – volume: 12 start-page: 279 year: 1985 article-title: Generation of ELF/ULF waves in the ionosphere by dynamo processes publication-title: Geophys. Res. Lett. – volume: 31 start-page: 211 year: 1996 article-title: Comparison of ELF/VLF generation modes in the ionosphere by HIPAS heater array publication-title: Radio Sci. – volume: 86 year: 1981 article-title: Generation of ELF and VLF waves by polar electrojet modulation: Experimental results publication-title: J. Geophys. 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Phys. – volume: 39 year: 2004 article-title: Generation of extremely low frequency radiation by ionospheric electrojet modulation using powerful high‐frequency heating waves publication-title: Radio Sci. – volume: 44 start-page: 1173 year: 1982 article-title: ELF and VLF wave generation by modulated HF heating of the current carrying lower ionosphere publication-title: J. Atmos. Terr. Phys. – volume: 26 start-page: 991 year: 1999 article-title: Plasma density enhancement and generation of spatially periodic irregularities in the ionospheric ‐region by powerful HF waves publication-title: Geophys. Res. Lett. – volume: 27 start-page: 85 year: 2000 article-title: Stimulated thermal instability for ELF/VLF wave generation in the polar electrojet publication-title: Geophys. Res. Lett. – volume: 48 start-page: 311 year: 1986 article-title: ‐region characteristics deduced from pulsed ionospheric heating under auroral electrojet conditions publication-title: J. Atmos. Terr. 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Snippet | Experiments conducted at Gakona, Alaska, using the intensity‐modulated HF heating waves to interact with electrojet currents for the generation of VLF waves,... Experiments conducted at Gakona, Alaska, using the intensity-modulated HF heating waves to interact with electrojet currents for the generation of VLF waves,... |
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SubjectTerms | Active perturbation experiments Earth sciences Earth, ocean, space Exact sciences and technology HF heater-modulated electrojet Nonlinear phenomena Space Plasma Physics Turbulence VLF whistler waves Wave/particle interactions Wave/wave interactions whistler mode current |
Title | VLF wave generation by amplitude-modulated HF heater waves at Gakona, Alaska |
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