Token transfers among great apes (Gorilla gorilla, Pongo pygmaeus, Pan paniscus, and Pan troglodytes): species differences, gestural requests, and reciprocal exchange

• Published in: Journal of comparative psychology (Washington, D.C. : 1983) Vol. 123; no. 4; p. 375
• Main Authors: Pelé, Marie, Dufour, Valérie, Thierry, Bernard, Call, Josep
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States 01.11.2009
• Subjects: Animal Communication; Animals; Appetitive Behavior; Comprehension; Concept Formation; Female; Gestures; Gorilla gorilla - psychology; Humans; Intention; Male; Motivation; Nonverbal Communication; Pan paniscus - psychology; Pan troglodytes - psychology; Pongo pygmaeus - psychology; Reward; Social Behavior; Species Specificity

Great apes appear to be the nonhuman primates most capable of recognizing trading opportunities and engaging in transfers of commodities with conspecifics. Spontaneous exchange of goods between them has not yet been reported. We tested gorillas (Gorilla gorilla), orangutans (Pongo pygmaeus), bonobos...