Variability of snail growing season at the Chinese Loess Plateau during the last 75 ka
Knowledge of seasonal climate change is one of the key issues facing Quaternary paleoclimatic studies and estimating seasonal climate change is difficult, especially changes such as seasonal length on glacial-interglacial timescales. The stable isotope com- position from seasonal land snail shells p...
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| Published in | Chinese science bulletin Vol. 57; no. 9; pp. 1036 - 1045 |
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| Main Authors | , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
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01.03.2012
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| Abstract | Knowledge of seasonal climate change is one of the key issues facing Quaternary paleoclimatic studies and estimating seasonal climate change is difficult, especially changes such as seasonal length on glacial-interglacial timescales. The stable isotope com- position from seasonal land snail shells provides the potential to reveal seasonal climatic features. Two modern land snail species, cold-aridiphilous Pupilla aeoli and thermo-humidiphilous Punctum orphana, were collected from different climatic zones in 18 localities across the Chinese Loess Plateau, spanning 11 degrees of longitude and covering a range of 1000 km2. The duration of the snail growing season （temperature ≥10℃） was shorter （202 ± 6 d） in the eastern Loess Plateau compared with in the western Loess Plateau （162 ±7 d）. The δ13C of P. aeoli shells was -9.1‰ to -4.7‰ and -5.0‰ to 0.3‰ for δ18O. For P. orphana, the δl3C ranged from -9.1‰ to -1.9‰ and -8.9‰ to -2.9‰ for δ18O. Both the δ13C and δ18O differences between the two snail species were reduced from the east to the western Loess Plateau （2.8%0 to 0.2± 1.1‰ for δ13C and 4.7%0 to 2.9± 1.3‰ for δ18O）. These isotopic differences roughly reflect the difference in the growing season lengths between the east and west Loess Plateau indicat- ing that the duration of the snail growing season shortens by 15 d or 19 d if the difference decreases by 1%o in δ13C or δ18O, re- spectively. Thus, the difference in δ13C and δ18O between both snail species can be used to reveal the length of the snail growing season in the past. Based on our investigation, the length of the snail growing seasons from the Xifeng region during the last 75 ka was reconstructed. During the mid-Holocene （8-3 ka）, the mean isotopic difference from both snail species reached maximum values of 2.6 ± 0.7‰ and 2.1 ±1.4‰ for δ13C and δ18O, respectively. This was followed by MIS 3 that ranged from 2.5 ±0.4‰ for δ13C and 1.6 ± 0.8%0 for δ18O. The Last Glacial Maximum changed by only 0.2‰ and 0.4‰ for δ13C and δ18O, respectively. Therefore, we estimate that the duration of the snail growing seasons to be -200 ± 10 d during the mid-Holocene, 190± 6 d in MIS 3 and 160± 3 d during the last glacial period. |
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| AbstractList | Knowledge of seasonal climate change is one of the key issues facing Quaternary paleoclimatic studies and estimating seasonal climate change is difficult, especially changes such as seasonal length on glacial-interglacial timescales. The stable isotope composition from seasonal land snail shells provides the potential to reveal seasonal climatic features. Two modern land snail species, cold-aridiphilous Pupilla aeoli and thermo-humidiphilous Punctum orphana, were collected from different climatic zones in 18 localities across the Chinese Loess Plateau, spanning 11 degrees of longitude and covering a range of 1000 km2. The duration of the snail growing season (temperature [Symbol: see text]10°C) was shorter (202 ± 6 d) in the eastern Loess Plateau compared with in the western Loess Plateau (162 ±7 d). The δ 13C of P. aeoli shells was -9.1° to -4.7° and -5.0° to 0.3° for δ 18O. For P. orphana, the δ 13C ranged from -9.1° to -1.9° and -8.9° to -2.9° for δ 18O. Both the δ 13C and δ 18O differences between the two snail species were reduced from the east to the western Loess Plateau (2.8° to 0.2 ± 1.1° for δ 13C and 4.7° to 2.9 ± 1.3° for δ 18O). These isotopic differences roughly reflect the difference in the growing season lengths between the east and west Loess Plateau indicating that the duration of the snail growing season shortens by 15 d or 19 d if the difference decreases by 1° in δ 13C or δ 18O, respectively. Thus, the difference in δ 13C and δ 18O between both snail species can be used to reveal the length of the snail growing season in the past. Based on our investigation, the length of the snail growing seasons from the Xifeng region during the last 75 ka was reconstructed. During the mid-Holocene (8-3 ka), the mean isotopic difference from both snail species reached maximum values of 2.6 ± 0.7° and 2.1 ± 1.4° for δ 13C and δ 18O, respectively. This was followed by MIS 3 that ranged from 2.5 ± 0.4° for δ 13C and 1.6 ± 0.8° for δ 18O. The Last Glacial Maximum changed by only 0.2° and 0.4° for δ 13C and δ 18O, respectively. Therefore, we estimate that the duration of the snail growing seasons to be ˜¼200 ± 10 d during the mid-Holocene, 190 ± 6 d in MIS 3 and 160 ± 3 d during the last glacial period. Knowledge of seasonal climate change is one of the key issues facing Quaternary paleoclimatic studies and estimating seasonal climate change is difficult, especially changes such as seasonal length on glacial-interglacial timescales. The stable isotope com- position from seasonal land snail shells provides the potential to reveal seasonal climatic features. Two modern land snail species, cold-aridiphilous Pupilla aeoli and thermo-humidiphilous Punctum orphana, were collected from different climatic zones in 18 localities across the Chinese Loess Plateau, spanning 11 degrees of longitude and covering a range of 1000 km2. The duration of the snail growing season （temperature ≥10℃） was shorter （202 ± 6 d） in the eastern Loess Plateau compared with in the western Loess Plateau （162 ±7 d）. The δ13C of P. aeoli shells was -9.1‰ to -4.7‰ and -5.0‰ to 0.3‰ for δ18O. For P. orphana, the δl3C ranged from -9.1‰ to -1.9‰ and -8.9‰ to -2.9‰ for δ18O. Both the δ13C and δ18O differences between the two snail species were reduced from the east to the western Loess Plateau （2.8%0 to 0.2± 1.1‰ for δ13C and 4.7%0 to 2.9± 1.3‰ for δ18O）. These isotopic differences roughly reflect the difference in the growing season lengths between the east and west Loess Plateau indicat- ing that the duration of the snail growing season shortens by 15 d or 19 d if the difference decreases by 1%o in δ13C or δ18O, re- spectively. Thus, the difference in δ13C and δ18O between both snail species can be used to reveal the length of the snail growing season in the past. Based on our investigation, the length of the snail growing seasons from the Xifeng region during the last 75 ka was reconstructed. During the mid-Holocene （8-3 ka）, the mean isotopic difference from both snail species reached maximum values of 2.6 ± 0.7‰ and 2.1 ±1.4‰ for δ13C and δ18O, respectively. This was followed by MIS 3 that ranged from 2.5 ±0.4‰ for δ13C and 1.6 ± 0.8%0 for δ18O. The Last Glacial Maximum changed by only 0.2‰ and 0.4‰ for δ13C and δ18O, respectively. Therefore, we estimate that the duration of the snail growing seasons to be -200 ± 10 d during the mid-Holocene, 190± 6 d in MIS 3 and 160± 3 d during the last glacial period. Knowledge of seasonal climate change is one of the key issues facing Quaternary paleoclimatic studies and estimating seasonal climate change is difficult, especially changes such as seasonal length on glacial-interglacial timescales. The stable isotope composition from seasonal land snail shells provides the potential to reveal seasonal climatic features. Two modern land snail species, cold-aridiphilous Pupilla aeoli and thermo-humidiphilous Punctum orphana , were collected from different climatic zones in 18 localities across the Chinese Loess Plateau, spanning 11 degrees of longitude and covering a range of 1000 km 2 . The duration of the snail growing season (temperature ⩾10°C) was shorter (202 ± 6 d) in the eastern Loess Plateau compared with in the western Loess Plateau (162 ±7 d). The δ 13 C of P. aeoli shells was −9.1‰ to −4.7‰ and −5.0‰ to 0.3‰ for δ 18 O. For P. orphana , the δ 13 C ranged from −9.1‰ to −1.9‰ and −8.9‰ to −2.9‰ for δ 18 O. Both the δ 13 C and δ 18 O differences between the two snail species were reduced from the east to the western Loess Plateau (2.8‰ to 0.2 ± 1.1‰ for δ 13 C and 4.7‰ to 2.9 ± 1.3‰ for δ 18 O). These isotopic differences roughly reflect the difference in the growing season lengths between the east and west Loess Plateau indicating that the duration of the snail growing season shortens by 15 d or 19 d if the difference decreases by 1‰ in δ 13 C or δ 18 O, respectively. Thus, the difference in δ 13 C and δ 18 O between both snail species can be used to reveal the length of the snail growing season in the past. Based on our investigation, the length of the snail growing seasons from the Xifeng region during the last 75 ka was reconstructed. During the mid-Holocene (8–3 ka), the mean isotopic difference from both snail species reached maximum values of 2.6 ± 0.7‰ and 2.1 ± 1.4‰ for δ 13 C and δ 18 O, respectively. This was followed by MIS 3 that ranged from 2.5 ± 0.4‰ for δ 13 C and 1.6 ± 0.8‰ for δ 18 O. The Last Glacial Maximum changed by only 0.2‰ and 0.4‰ for δ 13 C and δ 18 O, respectively. Therefore, we estimate that the duration of the snail growing seasons to be ∼200 ± 10 d during the mid-Holocene, 190 ± 6 d in MIS 3 and 160 ± 3 d during the last glacial period. Knowledge of seasonal climate change is one of the key issues facing Quaternary paleoclimatic studies and estimating seasonal climate change is difficult, especially changes such as seasonal length on glacial-interglacial timescales. The stable isotope composition from seasonal land snail shells provides the potential to reveal seasonal climatic features. Two modern land snail species, cold-aridiphilous Pupilla aeoli and thermo-humidiphilous Punctum orphana, were collected from different climatic zones in 18 localities across the Chinese Loess Plateau, spanning 11 degrees of longitude and covering a range of 1000 km2. The duration of the snail growing season (temperature [Symbol: see text]10°C) was shorter (202 ± 6 d) in the eastern Loess Plateau compared with in the western Loess Plateau (162 ±7 d). The δ 13C of P. aeoli shells was −9.1‰ to −4.7‰ and −5.0‰ to 0.3‰ for δ 18O. For P. orphana, the δ 13C ranged from −9.1‰ to −1.9‰ and −8.9‰ to −2.9‰ for δ 18O. Both the δ 13C and δ 18O differences between the two snail species were reduced from the east to the western Loess Plateau (2.8‰ to 0.2 ± 1.1‰ for δ 13C and 4.7‰ to 2.9 ± 1.3‰ for δ 18O). These isotopic differences roughly reflect the difference in the growing season lengths between the east and west Loess Plateau indicating that the duration of the snail growing season shortens by 15 d or 19 d if the difference decreases by 1‰ in δ 13C or δ 18O, respectively. Thus, the difference in δ 13C and δ 18O between both snail species can be used to reveal the length of the snail growing season in the past. Based on our investigation, the length of the snail growing seasons from the Xifeng region during the last 75 ka was reconstructed. During the mid-Holocene (8–3 ka), the mean isotopic difference from both snail species reached maximum values of 2.6 ± 0.7‰ and 2.1 ± 1.4‰ for δ 13C and δ 18O, respectively. This was followed by MIS 3 that ranged from 2.5 ± 0.4‰ for δ 13C and 1.6 ± 0.8‰ for δ 18O. The Last Glacial Maximum changed by only 0.2‰ and 0.4‰ for δ 13C and δ 18O, respectively. Therefore, we estimate that the duration of the snail growing seasons to be ∼200 ± 10 d during the mid-Holocene, 190 ± 6 d in MIS 3 and 160 ± 3 d during the last glacial period. |
| Author | Gu, ZhaoYan Chen, XiaoYun Huang, LinPei Wu, NaiQin |
| AuthorAffiliation | Key Laboratory of Cenozoic Geology and Environment, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 fullname: Huang, LinPei – sequence: 2 fullname: Wu, NaiQin – sequence: 3 fullname: Gu, ZhaoYan – sequence: 4 fullname: Chen, XiaoYun |
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| Cites_doi | 10.1016/0016-7037(89)90102-6 10.1016/j.palaeo.2005.03.024 10.1016/j.quascirev.2007.04.006 10.1016/j.yqres.2010.03.001 10.1016/S0009-2541(00)00430-7 10.1017/S0263593300020794 10.1191/095968398669296159 10.1016/B978-012614440-6/50008-2 10.1002/jqs.1429 10.1029/2004PA001071 10.1016/j.gca.2003.10.027 10.1007/s11434-007-0045-z 10.1016/j.yqres.2004.09.009 10.1007/BF02878745 10.1007/BF03183950 10.1007/BF00346246 10.1016/0033-5894(91)90015-W 10.1016/S0012-821X(03)00224-3 10.1016/0012-821X(87)90234-2 10.1016/0168-9622(85)90036-3 10.1146/annurev.pp.40.060189.002443 10.1016/0016-7037(79)90170-4 10.1007/BF02959402 10.1006/qres.1995.1003 10.1016/0016-7037(78)90199-0 10.1038/328058a0 10.2307/4359 10.1016/0031-0182(95)00053-O 10.1029/1999GL008419 10.1016/S0012-821X(01)00585-4 10.1016/0341-8162(91)90012-M 10.1016/0031-0182(89)90143-0 10.1016/S0921-8181(98)00010-1 |
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| Notes | land snail, stable carbon and oxygen isotopes, last glacial, snail growing season, Xifeng loess sequence Knowledge of seasonal climate change is one of the key issues facing Quaternary paleoclimatic studies and estimating seasonal climate change is difficult, especially changes such as seasonal length on glacial-interglacial timescales. The stable isotope com- position from seasonal land snail shells provides the potential to reveal seasonal climatic features. Two modern land snail species, cold-aridiphilous Pupilla aeoli and thermo-humidiphilous Punctum orphana, were collected from different climatic zones in 18 localities across the Chinese Loess Plateau, spanning 11 degrees of longitude and covering a range of 1000 km2. The duration of the snail growing season （temperature ≥10℃） was shorter （202 ± 6 d） in the eastern Loess Plateau compared with in the western Loess Plateau （162 ±7 d）. The δ13C of P. aeoli shells was -9.1‰ to -4.7‰ and -5.0‰ to 0.3‰ for δ18O. For P. orphana, the δl3C ranged from -9.1‰ to -1.9‰ and -8.9‰ to -2.9‰ for δ18O. Both the δ13C and δ18O differences between the two snail species were reduced from the east to the western Loess Plateau （2.8%0 to 0.2± 1.1‰ for δ13C and 4.7%0 to 2.9± 1.3‰ for δ18O）. These isotopic differences roughly reflect the difference in the growing season lengths between the east and west Loess Plateau indicat- ing that the duration of the snail growing season shortens by 15 d or 19 d if the difference decreases by 1%o in δ13C or δ18O, re- spectively. Thus, the difference in δ13C and δ18O between both snail species can be used to reveal the length of the snail growing season in the past. Based on our investigation, the length of the snail growing seasons from the Xifeng region during the last 75 ka was reconstructed. During the mid-Holocene （8-3 ka）, the mean isotopic difference from both snail species reached maximum values of 2.6 ± 0.7‰ and 2.1 ±1.4‰ for δ13C and δ18O, respectively. This was followed by MIS 3 that ranged from 2.5 ±0.4‰ for δ13C and 1.6 ± 0.8%0 for δ18O. The Last Glacial Maximum changed by only 0.2‰ and 0.4‰ for δ13C and δ18O, respectively. Therefore, we estimate that the duration of the snail growing seasons to be -200 ± 10 d during the mid-Holocene, 190± 6 d in MIS 3 and 160± 3 d during the last glacial period. 11-1785/N http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11434-011-4931-z ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 |
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| SubjectTerms | Chemistry/Food Science China climate change climatic zones Earth Sciences Engineering growing season Humanities and Social Sciences Life Sciences multidisciplinary Physics Science Science (multidisciplinary) seasonal variation snails stable isotopes 中国黄土高原 全新世中期 变异 季节性 末次盛冰期 生长季节 稳定同位素 蜗牛 |
| Title | Variability of snail growing season at the Chinese Loess Plateau during the last 75 ka |
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