Widespread Antisense Transcription in Prokaryotes

Although bacterial genomes are usually densely protein-coding, genome-wide mapping approaches of transcriptional start sites revealed that a significant fraction of the identified promoters drive the transcription of noncoding RNAs. These can be -acting RNAs, mainly originating from intergenic regio...

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Published inMicrobiology spectrum Vol. 6; no. 4
Main Authors Georg, Jens, Hess, Wolfgang R
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published United States ASM Press 01.07.2018
Subjects
Bacteria - genetics
Bacterial Genetics, Cell Biology, Physiology
Bacterial Proteins - genetics
Bacterial Proteins - metabolism
DNA Repair - physiology
Evolution, Molecular
Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial
Genome, Bacterial
Plasmids
RNA, Antisense
RNA, Antisense - genetics
RNA, Antisense - physiology
RNA, Bacterial
RNA, Bacterial - genetics
RNA, Bacterial - physiology
RNA, Untranslated
Transcription, Genetic
Transcription, Genetic - genetics
Transcription, Genetic - physiology
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Abstract Although bacterial genomes are usually densely protein-coding, genome-wide mapping approaches of transcriptional start sites revealed that a significant fraction of the identified promoters drive the transcription of noncoding RNAs. These can be -acting RNAs, mainly originating from intergenic regions and, in many studied examples, possessing regulatory functions. However, a significant fraction of these noncoding RNAs consist of natural antisense transcripts (asRNAs), which overlap other transcriptional units. Naturally occurring asRNAs were first observed to play a role in bacterial plasmid replication and in bacteriophage λ more than 30 years ago. Today's view is that asRNAs abound in all three domains of life. There are several examples of asRNAs in bacteria with clearly defined functions. Nevertheless, many asRNAs appear to result from pervasive initiation of transcription, and some data point toward global functions of such widespread transcriptional activity, explaining why the search for a specific regulatory role is sometimes futile. In this review, we give an overview about the occurrence of antisense transcription in bacteria, highlight particular examples of functionally characterized asRNAs, and discuss recent evidence pointing at global relevance in RNA processing and transcription-coupled DNA repair.
AbstractList Although bacterial genomes are usually densely protein-coding, genome-wide mapping approaches of transcriptional start sites revealed that a significant fraction of the identified promoters drive the transcription of noncoding RNAs. These can be trans-acting RNAs, mainly originating from intergenic regions and, in many studied examples, possessing regulatory functions. However, a significant fraction of these noncoding RNAs consist of natural antisense transcripts (asRNAs), which overlap other transcriptional units. Naturally occurring asRNAs were first observed to play a role in bacterial plasmid replication and in bacteriophage λ more than 30 years ago. Today’s view is that asRNAs abound in all three domains of life. There are several examples of asRNAs in bacteria with clearly defined functions. Nevertheless, many asRNAs appear to result from pervasive initiation of transcription, and some data point toward global functions of such widespread transcriptional activity, explaining why the search for a specific regulatory role is sometimes futile. In this review, we give an overview about the occurrence of antisense transcription in bacteria, highlight particular examples of functionally characterized asRNAs, and discuss recent evidence pointing at global relevance in RNA processing and transcription-coupled DNA repair.
Although bacterial genomes are usually densely protein-coding, genome-wide mapping approaches of transcriptional start sites revealed that a significant fraction of the identified promoters drive the transcription of noncoding RNAs. These can be -acting RNAs, mainly originating from intergenic regions and, in many studied examples, possessing regulatory functions. However, a significant fraction of these noncoding RNAs consist of natural antisense transcripts (asRNAs), which overlap other transcriptional units. Naturally occurring asRNAs were first observed to play a role in bacterial plasmid replication and in bacteriophage λ more than 30 years ago. Today's view is that asRNAs abound in all three domains of life. There are several examples of asRNAs in bacteria with clearly defined functions. Nevertheless, many asRNAs appear to result from pervasive initiation of transcription, and some data point toward global functions of such widespread transcriptional activity, explaining why the search for a specific regulatory role is sometimes futile. In this review, we give an overview about the occurrence of antisense transcription in bacteria, highlight particular examples of functionally characterized asRNAs, and discuss recent evidence pointing at global relevance in RNA processing and transcription-coupled DNA repair.
ABSTRACT Although bacterial genomes are usually densely protein-coding, genome-wide mapping approaches of transcriptional start sites revealed that a significant fraction of the identified promoters drive the transcription of noncoding RNAs. These can be trans -acting RNAs, mainly originating from intergenic regions and, in many studied examples, possessing regulatory functions. However, a significant fraction of these noncoding RNAs consist of natural antisense transcripts (asRNAs), which overlap other transcriptional units. Naturally occurring asRNAs were first observed to play a role in bacterial plasmid replication and in bacteriophage λ more than 30 years ago. Today’s view is that asRNAs abound in all three domains of life. There are several examples of asRNAs in bacteria with clearly defined functions. Nevertheless, many asRNAs appear to result from pervasive initiation of transcription, and some data point toward global functions of such widespread transcriptional activity, explaining why the search for a specific regulatory role is sometimes futile. In this review, we give an overview about the occurrence of antisense transcription in bacteria, highlight particular examples of functionally characterized asRNAs, and discuss recent evidence pointing at global relevance in RNA processing and transcription-coupled DNA repair.
Author Georg, Jens
Hess, Wolfgang R
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  organization: University of Freiburg, Faculty of Biology, Institute of Biology III, Genetics and Experimental Bioinformatics, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany
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Snippet Although bacterial genomes are usually densely protein-coding, genome-wide mapping approaches of transcriptional start sites revealed that a significant...
ABSTRACT Although bacterial genomes are usually densely protein-coding, genome-wide mapping approaches of transcriptional start sites revealed that a...
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SubjectTerms Bacteria - genetics
Bacterial Genetics, Cell Biology, Physiology
Bacterial Proteins - genetics
Bacterial Proteins - metabolism
DNA Repair - physiology
Evolution, Molecular
Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial
Genome, Bacterial
Plasmids
RNA, Antisense
RNA, Antisense - genetics
RNA, Antisense - physiology
RNA, Bacterial
RNA, Bacterial - genetics
RNA, Bacterial - physiology
RNA, Untranslated
Transcription, Genetic
Transcription, Genetic - genetics
Transcription, Genetic - physiology
Title Widespread Antisense Transcription in Prokaryotes
URI https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30003872
https://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/microbiolspec.rwr-0029-2018
https://search.proquest.com/docview/2070239625
Volume 6
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