High-Resolution Kelvin Probe Force Microscopy Imaging of Interface Dipoles and Photogenerated Charges in Organic Donor–Acceptor Photovoltaic Blends

We present noncontact atomic force microscopy and Kelvin probe force microscopy studies of nanophase segregated photovoltaic blends based on an oligothiophene–fluorenone oligomer and [6,6]-phenyl C70 butyric acid methyl ester. We carried out a complete analysis of the influence of the tip–surface in...

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Published inACS nano Vol. 10; no. 1; pp. 739 - 746
Main Authors Fuchs, Franz, Caffy, Florent, Demadrille, Renaud, Mélin, Thierry, Grévin, Benjamin
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published United States American Chemical Society 26.01.2016
Subjects
Chemical Sciences
Engineering Sciences
Material chemistry
or physical chemistry
Physics
Theoretical and
surface photovoltage
organic photovoltaics
donor−acceptor interfaces
NC-AFM
KPFM
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Abstract We present noncontact atomic force microscopy and Kelvin probe force microscopy studies of nanophase segregated photovoltaic blends based on an oligothiophene–fluorenone oligomer and [6,6]-phenyl C70 butyric acid methyl ester. We carried out a complete analysis of the influence of the tip–surface interaction regime on the topographic, in-dark contact potential and surface photovoltage contrasts. It is demonstrated that an optimal lateral resolution is achieved for all channels below the onset of a contrast in the damping images. With the support of electrostatic simulations, it is shown that in-dark contact potential difference contrasts above subsurface acceptor clusters are consistent with an uneven distribution of permanent charges at the donor–acceptor interfaces. A remarkable dependence of the surface photovoltage magnitude with respect to the tip–surface distance is evidenced and attributed to a local enhancement of the electromagnetic field at the tip apex.
AbstractList We present noncontact atomic force microscopy and Kelvin probe force microscopy studies of nanophase segregated photovoltaic blends based on an oligothiophene–fluorenone oligomer and [6,6]-phenyl C70 butyric acid methyl ester. We carried out a complete analysis of the influence of the tip–surface interaction regime on the topographic, in-dark contact potential and surface photovoltage contrasts. It is demonstrated that an optimal lateral resolution is achieved for all channels below the onset of a contrast in the damping images. With the support of electrostatic simulations, it is shown that in-dark contact potential difference contrasts above subsurface acceptor clusters are consistent with an uneven distribution of permanent charges at the donor–acceptor interfaces. A remarkable dependence of the surface photovoltage magnitude with respect to the tip–surface distance is evidenced and attributed to a local enhancement of the electromagnetic field at the tip apex.
Author Mélin, Thierry
Caffy, Florent
Grévin, Benjamin
Demadrille, Renaud
Fuchs, Franz
AuthorAffiliation INAC-SPrAM
Univ. Grenoble Alpes
CNRS Alpes
CEA
AuthorAffiliation_xml – name: Univ. Grenoble Alpes
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Author_xml – sequence: 1
  givenname: Franz
  surname: Fuchs
  fullname: Fuchs, Franz
– sequence: 2
  givenname: Florent
  surname: Caffy
  fullname: Caffy, Florent
– sequence: 3
  givenname: Renaud
  surname: Demadrille
  fullname: Demadrille, Renaud
– sequence: 4
  givenname: Thierry
  surname: Mélin
  fullname: Mélin, Thierry
– sequence: 5
  givenname: Benjamin
  surname: Grévin
  fullname: Grévin, Benjamin
  email: benjamin.grevin@cea.fr
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Keywords surface photovoltage
organic photovoltaics
donor−acceptor interfaces
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Physics
Theoretical and
Title High-Resolution Kelvin Probe Force Microscopy Imaging of Interface Dipoles and Photogenerated Charges in Organic Donor–Acceptor Photovoltaic Blends
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