Naturally Occurring A51V Variant of Human Cytochrome c Destabilizes the Native State and Enhances Peroxidase Activity
The A51V variant of human cytochrome c is linked to thrombocytopenia 4 (THC4), a condition that causes decreased blood platelet counts. A 1.82 Å structure of the A51V variant shows only minor changes in tertiary structure relative to the wild-type (WT) protein. Guanidine hydrochloride denaturation d...
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Published in | The journal of physical chemistry. B Vol. 123; no. 42; pp. 8939 - 8953 |
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Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
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American Chemical Society
24.10.2019
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Abstract | The A51V variant of human cytochrome c is linked to thrombocytopenia 4 (THC4), a condition that causes decreased blood platelet counts. A 1.82 Å structure of the A51V variant shows only minor changes in tertiary structure relative to the wild-type (WT) protein. Guanidine hydrochloride denaturation demonstrates that the global stability of the A51V variant is 1.3 kcal/mol less than that of the WT protein. The midpoint pH, pH1/2, of the alkaline transition of the A51V variant is 1 unit less than that of the WT protein. Stopped-flow pH jump experiments show that the A51V substitution affects the triggering ionization for one of two kinetically distinguishable alkaline conformers and enhances the accessibility of a high-spin heme transient. The pH1/2 for acid unfolding of the A51V variant is 0.7 units higher than for that of the WT protein. Consistent with the greater accessibility of non-native conformers for the A51V variant, the k cat values for its peroxidase activity increase by 6- to 15-fold in the pH range of 5–8 versus those of the WT protein. These data along with previously reported data for the other THC4-linked variants, G41S and Y48H, underscore the role of Ω-loop C (residues 40–57) in modulating the peroxidase activity of cytochrome c early in apoptosis. |
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AbstractList | The A51V variant of human cytochrome c is linked to thrombocytopenia 4 (THC4), a condition that causes decreased blood platelet counts. A 1.82 Å structure of the A51V variant shows only minor changes in tertiary structure relative to the wild-type (WT) protein. Guanidine hydrochloride denaturation demonstrates that the global stability of the A51V variant is 1.3 kcal/mol less than that of the WT protein. The midpoint pH, pH1/2, of the alkaline transition of the A51V variant is 1 unit less than that of the WT protein. Stopped-flow pH jump experiments show that the A51V substitution affects the triggering ionization for one of two kinetically distinguishable alkaline conformers and enhances the accessibility of a high-spin heme transient. The pH1/2 for acid unfolding of the A51V variant is 0.7 units higher than for that of the WT protein. Consistent with the greater accessibility of non-native conformers for the A51V variant, the k cat values for its peroxidase activity increase by 6- to 15-fold in the pH range of 5–8 versus those of the WT protein. These data along with previously reported data for the other THC4-linked variants, G41S and Y48H, underscore the role of Ω-loop C (residues 40–57) in modulating the peroxidase activity of cytochrome c early in apoptosis. The A51V variant of human cytochrome is linked to thrombocytopenia 4 (THC4), a condition that causes decreased blood platelet counts. A 1.82 Å structure of the A51V variant shows only minor changes in tertiary structure relative to the wild-type (WT) protein. Guanidine hydrochloride denaturation demonstrates that the global stability of the A51V variant is 1.3 kcal/mol less than that of the WT protein. The midpoint pH, pH , of the alkaline transition of the A51V variant is 1 unit less than that of the WT protein. Stopped-flow pH jump experiments show that the A51V substitution affects the triggering ionization for one of two kinetically distinguishable alkaline conformers and enhances the accessibility of a high-spin heme transient. The pH for acid unfolding of the A51V variant is 0.7 units higher than for that of the WT protein. Consistent with the greater accessibility of non-native conformers for the A51V variant, the values for its peroxidase activity increase by 6- to 15-fold in the pH range of 5-8 versus those of the WT protein. These data along with previously reported data for the other THC4-linked variants, G41S and Y48H, underscore the role of Ω-loop C (residues 40-57) in modulating the peroxidase activity of cytochrome early in apoptosis. The A51V variant of human cytochrome c is linked to thrombocytopenia 4 (THC4), a condition that causes decreased blood platelet counts. A 1.82 Å structure of the A51V variant shows only minor changes in tertiary structure relative to the wild type (WT) protein. Guanidine hydrochloride denaturation demonstrates that the global stability of the A51V variant is 1.3 kcal/mol less than that of the WT protein. The midpoint pH, pH 1/2 , of the alkaline transition of the A51V variant is 1 unit less than that of the WT protein. Stopped-flow pH jump experiments show that the A51V substitution affects the triggering ionization for one of two kinetically distinguishable alkaline conformers and enhances the accessibility of a high spin heme transient. The pH 1/2 for acid unfolding of the A51V variant is 0.7 units higher than for that of the WT protein. Consistent with the greater accessibility of non-native conformers for the A51V variant, the k cat values for its peroxidase activity increase by 6 to 15 fold in the pH range 5 to 8 versus those of the WT protein. These data along with previously reported data for the other THC4–linked variants, G41S and Y48H, underscore the role of Ω-loop C (residues 40 – 57) in modulating the peroxidase activity of cytochrome c early in apoptosis. |
Author | Lei, Haotian Bowler, Bruce E |
AuthorAffiliation | Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Center for Bimolecular Structure and Dynamics |
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BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31557440$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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Snippet | The A51V variant of human cytochrome c is linked to thrombocytopenia 4 (THC4), a condition that causes decreased blood platelet counts. A 1.82 Å structure of... The A51V variant of human cytochrome is linked to thrombocytopenia 4 (THC4), a condition that causes decreased blood platelet counts. A 1.82 Å structure of the... The A51V variant of human cytochrome c is linked to thrombocytopenia 4 (THC4), a condition that causes decreased blood platelet counts. A 1.82 Å structure of... |
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Title | Naturally Occurring A51V Variant of Human Cytochrome c Destabilizes the Native State and Enhances Peroxidase Activity |
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