Devonian formations, vertebrate faunas and age control on the far south coast of New South Wales and adjacent Victoria
A diverse fossil vertebrate record in the Devonian of coastal southeastern Australia includes at least 30 genera and species representing all three major groups of extant jawed vertebrates (bony and cartilaginous fishes, and tetrapods), and both extinct groups (placoderm and acanthodian fishes). A b...
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| Published in | Australian journal of earth sciences Vol. 54; no. 7; pp. 991 - 1008 |
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| Main Author | |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
Geological Society of Australia
01.10.2007
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| Subjects | |
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| Abstract | A diverse fossil vertebrate record in the Devonian of coastal southeastern Australia includes at least 30 genera and species representing all three major groups of extant jawed vertebrates (bony and cartilaginous fishes, and tetrapods), and both extinct groups (placoderm and acanthodian fishes). A bone recorded by W. B. Clarke in 1860 from Twofold Bay is the first published record of a Devonian vertebrate from the Southern Hemisphere. Abundant plant remains at some localities include large impressions of arborescent lycopsids, indicating one of the earliest forest environments for the Gondwana supercontinent. An early terrestrial invertebrate fauna is evidenced by fossil millipede remains. A review of the evidence for age control using paleontology and isotopic dating suggests that the lower part of the Devonian sequence (Bunga beds, Boyd Volcanic Complex) may be somewhat older (Emsian - Eifelian) than recently proposed; the tetrapod trackways at Genoa River in Victoria (lower part of the Combyingbar Formation) may correlate with the lowermost Twofold Bay Formation of the Merrimbula Group, which is overlain by the marine Bellbird Creek Formation, a manifestation of the global late Frasnian marine transgression and extinction event. Abundant placoderm remains at all higher fossil fish horizons in the overlying Worange Point Formation indicate a latest Devonian rather than Carboniferous age for the upper Merrimbula Group. |
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| AbstractList | A diverse fossil vertebrate record in the Devonian of coastal southeastern Australia includes at least 30 genera and species representing all three major groups of extant jawed vertebrates (bony and cartilaginous fishes, and tetrapods), and both extinct groups (placoderm and acanthodian fishes). A bone recorded by W. B. Clarke in 1860 from Twofold Bay is the first published record of a Devonian vertebrate from the Southern Hemisphere. Abundant plant remains at some localities include large impressions of arborescent lycopsids, indicating one of the earliest forest environments for the Gondwana supercontinent. An early terrestrial invertebrate fauna is evidenced by fossil millipede remains. A review of the evidence for age control using paleontology and isotopic dating suggests that the lower part of the Devonian sequence (Bunga beds, Boyd Volcanic Complex) may be somewhat older (Emsian - Eifelian) than recently proposed; the tetrapod trackways at Genoa River in Victoria (lower part of the Combyingbar Formation) may correlate with the lowermost Twofold Bay Formation of the Merrimbula Group, which is overlain by the marine Bellbird Creek Formation, a manifestation of the global late Frasnian marine transgression and extinction event. Abundant placoderm remains at all higher fossil fish horizons in the overlying Worange Point Formation indicate a latest Devonian rather than Carboniferous age for the upper Merrimbula Group. A diverse fossil vertebrate record in the Devonian of coastal southeastern Australia includes at least 30 genera and species representing all three major groups of extant jawed vertebrates (bony and cartilaginous fishes, and tetrapods), and both extinct groups (placoderm and acanthodian fishes). A bone recorded by W. B. Clarke in 1860 from Twofold Bay is the first published record of a Devonian vertebrate from the Southern Hemisphere. Abundant plant remains at some localities include large impressions of arborescent lycopsids, indicating one of the earliest forest environments for the Gondwana supercontinent. An early terrestrial invertebrate fauna is evidenced by fossil millipede remains. A review of the evidence for age control using paleontology and isotopic dating suggests that the lower part of the Devonian sequence (Bunga beds, Boyd Volcanic Complex) may be somewhat older (Emsian-Eifelian) than recently proposed; the tetrapod trackways at Genoa River in Victoria (lower part of the Combyingbar Formation) may correlate with the lowermost Twofold Bay Formation of the Merrimbula Group, which is overlain by the marine Bellbird Creek Formation, a manifestation of the global late Frasnian marine transgression and extinction event. Abundant placoderm remains at all higher fossil fish horizons in the overlying Worange Point Formation indicate a latest Devonian rather than Carboniferous age for the upper Merrimbula Group. Devonian formations, vertebrate faunas and age control on the far south coast of New South Wales and adjacent Victoria were discussed. It was found that the Bunga beds contained some of the earliest known examples of fossilised cartilaginous remains belonging to chondrichthyan fishes. A diverse vertebrate assemblage of at least 30 genera and species included all major subdivisions of the jawed vertebrates, both living (chondrichthyan and osteichthyan fishes, and tetrapods) and extinct (placoderm and acanthodian fishes). The results showed that the phyllolepid placoderms in the Boyd Volcanic Complex at Pambula River occurred in pre-Famennian strata. It was concluded that the field association between non-marine and marine sedimentary strata, and intrusive and extrusive igneous rocks subject to isotopic dating, provided an important opportunity for age control of these major evolutionary events. |
| Author | Young, G. C. |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: G. C. surname: Young fullname: Young, G. C. organization: Department of Earth & Marine Sciences , Australian National University |
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| Snippet | A diverse fossil vertebrate record in the Devonian of coastal southeastern Australia includes at least 30 genera and species representing all three major... Devonian formations, vertebrate faunas and age control on the far south coast of New South Wales and adjacent Victoria were discussed. It was found that the... |
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| SubjectTerms | Devonian first forests first land animals fish marine transgressions tetrapods |
| Title | Devonian formations, vertebrate faunas and age control on the far south coast of New South Wales and adjacent Victoria |
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