Neurofunctional Domains Derived From Deep Behavioral Phenotyping in Alcohol Use Disorder

Objective:The authors evaluated whether three neurofunctional domains proposed to be critical in the addiction cycle, namely, incentive salience, negative emotionality, and executive function, could be identified through factor analysis of a deeply phenotyped clinical sample.Methods:Clinical, behavi...

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Published inThe American journal of psychiatry Vol. 176; no. 9; pp. 744 - 753
Main Authors Kwako, Laura E, Schwandt, Melanie L, Ramchandani, Vijay A, Diazgranados, Nancy, Koob, George F, Volkow, Nora D, Blanco, Carlos, Goldman, David
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published United States American Psychiatric Association 01.09.2019
Subjects
Addictions
Adult
Alcohol use
Alcoholism
Alcoholism - etiology
Alcoholism - psychology
Behavior, Addictive - psychology
Case-Control Studies
Emotions
Executive Function
Female
Humans
Male
Mental disorders
Middle Aged
Models, Psychological
Motivation
Neuropsychological Tests
Phenotype
Psychological Tests
Risk Factors
Studies
Cognitive Neuroscience
Models/Theories Of Psychiatry
Alcohol Abuse
Online AccessGet full text
ISSN0002-953X
1535-7228
1535-7228
DOI10.1176/appi.ajp.2018.18030357

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Abstract Objective:The authors evaluated whether three neurofunctional domains proposed to be critical in the addiction cycle, namely, incentive salience, negative emotionality, and executive function, could be identified through factor analysis of a deeply phenotyped clinical sample.Methods:Clinical, behavioral, and self-report measures of addiction, personality, cognition, behavior, and exposure to early-life stress were collected as part of a screening and natural history study of alcohol use disorders in 454 individuals representing the spectrum of alcohol use and use disorders. The multiple indicators, multiple causes (MIMIC) approach was used to identify significant predictors of the latent factors identified by the analysis.Results:The results showed significant support for both three- and four-factor models to explain biobehavioral variation in this sample of participants with alcohol use disorder and control subjects, but the three-factor model had the best fit indices. With some nuances, including cross-correlation (lack of independence) between the three factors, the factors corresponded to incentive salience, negative emotionality, and executive function (executive control). The MIMIC model revealed that both exposure to early-life stress and sociodemographic variables predicted these factors.Conclusions:These findings suggest that three correlated neurofunctional domains are relevant for alcohol use disorder. More work is required to validate and standardize measures of neurofunctional domains in alcohol use disorder, to extend these findings to other addictive disorders, and to relate variations in them to predisposition, clinical course, treatment response, neuroimaging data, and other psychophysical indicators.
AbstractList Objective: The authors evaluated whether three neurofunctional domains proposed to be critical in the addiction cycle, namely, incentive salience, negative emotionality, and executive function, could be identified through factor analysis of a deeply phenotyped clinical sample. Methods: Clinical, behavioral, and self-report measures of addiction, personality, cognition, behavior, and exposure to early-life stress were collected as part of a screening and natural history study of alcohol use disorders in 454 individuals representing the spectrum of alcohol use and use disorders. The multiple indicators, multiple causes (MIMIC) approach was used to identify significant predictors of the latent factors identified by the analysis. Results: The results showed significant support for both three- and four-factor models to explain biobehavioral variation in this sample of participants with alcohol use disorder and control subjects, but the three-factor model had the best fit indices. With some nuances, including cross-correlation (lack of independence) between the three factors, the factors corresponded to incentive salience, negative emotionality, and executive function (executive control). The MIMIC model revealed that both exposure to early-life stress and sociodemographic variables predicted these factors. Conclusions: These findings suggest that three correlated neurofunctional domains are relevant for alcohol use disorder. More work is required to validate and standardize measures of neurofunctional domains in alcohol use disorder, to extend these findings to other addictive disorders, and to relate variations in them to predisposition, clinical course, treatment response, neuroimaging data, and other psychophysical indicators.
The authors evaluated whether three neurofunctional domains proposed to be critical in the addiction cycle, namely, incentive salience, negative emotionality, and executive function, could be identified through factor analysis of a deeply phenotyped clinical sample.OBJECTIVEThe authors evaluated whether three neurofunctional domains proposed to be critical in the addiction cycle, namely, incentive salience, negative emotionality, and executive function, could be identified through factor analysis of a deeply phenotyped clinical sample.Clinical, behavioral, and self-report measures of addiction, personality, cognition, behavior, and exposure to early-life stress were collected as part of a screening and natural history study of alcohol use disorders in 454 individuals representing the spectrum of alcohol use and use disorders. The multiple indicators, multiple causes (MIMIC) approach was used to identify significant predictors of the latent factors identified by the analysis.METHODSClinical, behavioral, and self-report measures of addiction, personality, cognition, behavior, and exposure to early-life stress were collected as part of a screening and natural history study of alcohol use disorders in 454 individuals representing the spectrum of alcohol use and use disorders. The multiple indicators, multiple causes (MIMIC) approach was used to identify significant predictors of the latent factors identified by the analysis.The results showed significant support for both three- and four-factor models to explain biobehavioral variation in this sample of participants with alcohol use disorder and control subjects, but the three-factor model had the best fit indices. With some nuances, including cross-correlation (lack of independence) between the three factors, the factors corresponded to incentive salience, negative emotionality, and executive function (executive control). The MIMIC model revealed that both exposure to early-life stress and sociodemographic variables predicted these factors.RESULTSThe results showed significant support for both three- and four-factor models to explain biobehavioral variation in this sample of participants with alcohol use disorder and control subjects, but the three-factor model had the best fit indices. With some nuances, including cross-correlation (lack of independence) between the three factors, the factors corresponded to incentive salience, negative emotionality, and executive function (executive control). The MIMIC model revealed that both exposure to early-life stress and sociodemographic variables predicted these factors.These findings suggest that three correlated neurofunctional domains are relevant for alcohol use disorder. More work is required to validate and standardize measures of neurofunctional domains in alcohol use disorder, to extend these findings to other addictive disorders, and to relate variations in them to predisposition, clinical course, treatment response, neuroimaging data, and other psychophysical indicators.CONCLUSIONSThese findings suggest that three correlated neurofunctional domains are relevant for alcohol use disorder. More work is required to validate and standardize measures of neurofunctional domains in alcohol use disorder, to extend these findings to other addictive disorders, and to relate variations in them to predisposition, clinical course, treatment response, neuroimaging data, and other psychophysical indicators.
The authors evaluated whether three neurofunctional domains proposed to be critical in the addiction cycle, namely, incentive salience, negative emotionality, and executive function, could be identified through factor analysis of a deeply phenotyped clinical sample. Clinical, behavioral, and self-report measures of addiction, personality, cognition, behavior, and exposure to early-life stress were collected as part of a screening and natural history study of alcohol use disorders in 454 individuals representing the spectrum of alcohol use and use disorders. The multiple indicators, multiple causes (MIMIC) approach was used to identify significant predictors of the latent factors identified by the analysis. The results showed significant support for both three- and four-factor models to explain biobehavioral variation in this sample of participants with alcohol use disorder and control subjects, but the three-factor model had the best fit indices. With some nuances, including cross-correlation (lack of independence) between the three factors, the factors corresponded to incentive salience, negative emotionality, and executive function (executive control). The MIMIC model revealed that both exposure to early-life stress and sociodemographic variables predicted these factors. These findings suggest that three correlated neurofunctional domains are relevant for alcohol use disorder. More work is required to validate and standardize measures of neurofunctional domains in alcohol use disorder, to extend these findings to other addictive disorders, and to relate variations in them to predisposition, clinical course, treatment response, neuroimaging data, and other psychophysical indicators.
Author Diazgranados, Nancy
Volkow, Nora D
Koob, George F
Kwako, Laura E
Blanco, Carlos
Schwandt, Melanie L
Ramchandani, Vijay A
Goldman, David
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  fullname: Schwandt, Melanie L
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  surname: Ramchandani
  fullname: Ramchandani, Vijay A
  email: laura.kwako@nih.gov
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  givenname: Nancy
  surname: Diazgranados
  fullname: Diazgranados, Nancy
  email: laura.kwako@nih.gov
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  givenname: George F
  surname: Koob
  fullname: Koob, George F
  email: laura.kwako@nih.gov
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  givenname: David
  surname: Goldman
  fullname: Goldman, David
  email: laura.kwako@nih.gov
BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30606047$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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31154820 - Am J Psychiatry. 2019 Jun 1;176(6):489. doi: 10.1176/appi.ajp.2019.1766correction2.
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Snippet Objective:The authors evaluated whether three neurofunctional domains proposed to be critical in the addiction cycle, namely, incentive salience, negative...
The authors evaluated whether three neurofunctional domains proposed to be critical in the addiction cycle, namely, incentive salience, negative emotionality,...
Objective: The authors evaluated whether three neurofunctional domains proposed to be critical in the addiction cycle, namely, incentive salience, negative...
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SubjectTerms Addictions
Adult
Alcohol use
Alcoholism
Alcoholism - etiology
Alcoholism - psychology
Behavior, Addictive - psychology
Case-Control Studies
Emotions
Executive Function
Female
Humans
Male
Mental disorders
Middle Aged
Models, Psychological
Motivation
Neuropsychological Tests
Phenotype
Psychological Tests
Risk Factors
Studies
Title Neurofunctional Domains Derived From Deep Behavioral Phenotyping in Alcohol Use Disorder
URI http://dx.doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.2018.18030357
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30606047
https://www.proquest.com/docview/2287978515
https://www.proquest.com/docview/2164099144
Volume 176
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