Identification of Siglec Ligands Using a Proximity Labeling Method

• Published in: Journal of proteome research Vol. 16; no. 10; pp. 3929 - 3941
• Main Authors: Chang, Lanyi, Chen, Yi-Ju, Fan, Chan-Yo, Tang, Chin-Ju, Chen, Yi-Hsiu, Low, Penk-Yeir, Ventura, Albert, Lin, Chun-Cheng, Chen, Yu-Ju, Angata, Takashi
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States American Chemical Society 06.10.2017
• Subjects: Animals; B-Lymphocytes - immunology; Biotin - chemistry; Free Radicals - chemistry; Humans; Hydrogen Peroxide - chemistry; Immune System - chemistry; Immune System - immunology; Immunoglobulin M - immunology; Lectins - immunology; Lectins - metabolism; Leukocyte Common Antigens - immunology; Ligands; Mice; RAW 264.7 Cells; Sialic Acid Binding Ig-like Lectin 2 - chemistry; Sialic Acid Binding Ig-like Lectin 2 - immunology; Sialic Acid Binding Immunoglobulin-like Lectins - immunology; Sialic Acid Binding Immunoglobulin-like Lectins - metabolism; Staining and Labeling; Tyramine - chemistry; Siglec; proximity labeling; proteomics; sialic acid; peroxidase; lectin; tyramide; ligand
• DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.7b00625
• ISSN: 1535-3893

Siglecs are a family of receptor-type glycan recognition proteins (lectins) involved in self–nonself discrimination by the immune system. Identification of Siglec ligands is necessary to understand how Siglec–ligand interaction translates into biological outcomes. However, this is challenging because the interaction is weak. To facilitate identification of Siglec ligands, we adopted a proximity labeling method based on the tyramide radicalization principle. Cells that express Siglec ligands were labeled with Siglec–peroxidase complexes and incubated with biotin tyramide and hydrogen peroxide to generate short-lived tyramide radicals that covalently label the proteins near the Siglec–peroxidase complex. A proof-of-principle experiment using CD22 (Siglec-2) probe identified its known ligands on B cells, including CD22 itself, CD45, and IgM, among others, demonstrating the validity of this method. The specificity of labeling was confirmed by sialidase treatment of target cells and using glycan recognition-deficient mutant CD22 probes. Moreover, possible interactions between biotin-labeled proteins were revealed by literature-based protein–protein interaction network analysis, implying the presence of a molecular cluster comprising CD22 ligands. Further application of this method identified CD44 as a hitherto unknown Siglec-15 ligand on RAW264.7-derived osteoclasts. These results demonstrated the utility of proximity labeling for the identification of Siglec ligands, which may extend to other lectins.