Titanite major and trace element compositions as petrogenetic and metallogenic indicators of Mo ore deposits; examples from four granite plutons in the southern Yidun Arc, SW China

Major, minor, and trace element abundances in titanite crystals from four granitic plutons in southern Yidun arc, SW China, have been determined using electron microprobe and laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. The selected plutons are the Cretaceous Xiuwacu (CXWC) pluton, w...

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Published inThe American mineralogist Vol. 103; no. 9; pp. 1417 - 1434
Main Authors Pan Lichuan, Pan Lichuan, Hu Ruizhong, Hu Ruizhong, Bi Xianwu, Bi Xianwu, Li Chusi, Li Chusi, Wang Xinsong, Wang Xinsong, Zhu Jingjing, Zhu Jingjing
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Washington Mineralogical Society of America 01.09.2018
Walter de Gruyter GmbH
Subjects
Ablation
Aluminum oxide
Arc deposition
Asia
Chemical composition
China
Copper
Cretaceous
Crystallization
Crystals
Economic geology
Economics
Electron microprobe
Electron probes
Far East
Fertility
Fractional crystallization
From Magmas to Ore Deposits
geochemical indicators
Geochemistry
Granite
granites
Halogens
ICP mass spectra
Igneous rocks
Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry
intrusions
LA-ICP-MS
Laser ablation
Lasers
Lava
Magma
magma composition
magmas
major elements
mass spectra
Mass spectrometry
Mass spectroscopy
Melts (crystal growth)
Mesozoic
metal ores
Metals
Mineral deposits
mineral deposits, genesis
mineral exploration
Mineralization
Mo mineralization
Molybdenum
molybdenum ores
nesosilicates
ore genesis
Organic chemistry
orthosilicates
Oxidation
oxidation state
Petrogenesis
plutonic rocks
Plutons
Pulang Pluton
rare earths
Ratios
REE
rock, sediment, soil
silicates
spectra
Titanite
titanite group
Tongchanggou Pluton
Trace elements
Triassic
Xiuwacu Pluton
Yidun Belt
China
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Abstract Major, minor, and trace element abundances in titanite crystals from four granitic plutons in southern Yidun arc, SW China, have been determined using electron microprobe and laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. The selected plutons are the Cretaceous Xiuwacu (CXWC) pluton, with quartz vein-type Mo mineralization (economic-Mo), the Tongchanggou (TCG) pluton, with porphyry-type Mo mineralization (economic-Mo), the Triassic Pulang (PL) pluton, with porphyry-type Cu mineralization (subeconomic-Mo), and the Triassic Xiuwacu (TXWC) pluton, without any Mo mineralization (Mo-barren). Our study reveals that the chemical compositions of titanite crystals from these plutons such as REE, Sr, Ga, δEu, δCe, Fe2O3/Al2O3, halogens, and Mo can be used to track magma compositions, oxidation states, metal fertility, and crystallization history. The data from this study also show that titanite crystals from these plutons with different potential of Mo mineralization have similar Mo contents and exhibit an irregular variation between Mo and Sr abundances (indicating non-Mo enrichment in the residual melt during the progressive crystallization) for some Mo-mineralized plutons. Our new observations support the recent hypothesis that high initial Mo contents in magma and the enrichment of Mo in residual melts formed by fractional crystallization are not the only requirements to form a granite-related Mo ore deposit. Efficient extraction of the residual melts, possibly facilitated by high concentrations of magmatic F is also critical to the ore formation. Evidence for high-F concentration in felsic magma, which facilitates melt and fluid separation and economic Mo mineralization during magma evolution, may be traced by the presence of F-rich titanite crystals in the two Mo-mineralized granite plutons (CXWC and TCG). These new findings from this study confirm that titanite is indeed a good petrogenetic and metallogenic indicator. However, in light of the limited contribution of metal fertility to Mo mineralization, we suggest that titanite Mo concentrations should be used along with other crucial proxies, such as titanite F contents and Fe2O3/Al2O3 ratios to better evaluate the Mo-mineralized potential of granites.
AbstractList Major, minor, and trace element abundances in titanite crystals from four granitic plutons in southern Yidun arc, SW China, have been determined using electron microprobe and laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. The selected plutons are the Cretaceous Xiuwacu (CXWC) pluton, with quartz vein-type Mo mineralization (economic-Mo), the Tongchanggou (TCG) pluton, with porphyry-type Mo mineralization (economic-Mo), the Triassic Pulang (PL) pluton, with porphyry-type Cu mineralization (subeconomic-Mo), and the Triassic Xiuwacu (TXWC) pluton, without any Mo mineralization (Mo-barren). Our study reveals that the chemical compositions of titanite crystals from these plutons such as REE, Sr, Ga, δEu, δCe, Fe2O3/Al2O3, halogens, and Mo can be used to track magma compositions, oxidation states, metal fertility, and crystallization history. The data from this study also show that titanite crystals from these plutons with different potential of Mo mineralization have similar Mo contents and exhibit an irregular variation between Mo and Sr abundances (indicating non-Mo enrichment in the residual melt during the progressive crystallization) for some Mo-mineralized plutons. Our new observations support the recent hypothesis that high initial Mo contents in magma and the enrichment of Mo in residual melts formed by fractional crystallization are not the only requirements to form a granite-related Mo ore deposit. Efficient extraction of the residual melts, possibly facilitated by high concentrations of magmatic F is also critical to the ore formation. Evidence for high-F concentration in felsic magma, which facilitates melt and fluid separation and economic Mo mineralization during magma evolution, may be traced by the presence of F-rich titanite crystals in the two Mo-mineralized granite plutons (CXWC and TCG). These new findings from this study confirm that titanite is indeed a good petrogenetic and metallogenic indicator. However, in light of the limited contribution of metal fertility to Mo mineralization, we suggest that titanite Mo concentrations should be used along with other crucial proxies, such as titanite F contents and Fe2O3/Al2O3 ratios to better evaluate the Mo-mineralized potential of granites.
Major, minor, and trace element abundances in titanite crystals from four granitic plutons in southern Yidun arc, SW China, have been determined using electron microprobe and laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. The selected plutons are the Cretaceous Xiuwacu (CXWC) pluton, with quartz vein-type Mo mineralization (economic-Mo), the Tongchanggou (TCG) pluton, with porphyry-type Mo mineralization (economic-Mo), the Triassic Pulang (PL) pluton, with porphyry-type Cu mineralization (subeconomic-Mo), and the Triassic Xiuwacu (TXWC) pluton, without any Mo mineralization (Mo-barren). Our study reveals that the chemical compositions of titanite crystals from these plutons such as REE, Sr, Ga, δEu, δCe, Fe /Al , halogens, and Mo can be used to track magma compositions, oxidation states, metal fertility, and crystallization history. The data from this study also show that titanite crystals from these plutons with different potential of Mo mineralization have similar Mo contents and exhibit an irregular variation between Mo and Sr abundances (indicating non-Mo enrichment in the residual melt during the progressive crystallization) for some Mo-mineralized plutons. Our new observations support the recent hypothesis that high initial Mo contents in magma and the enrichment of Mo in residual melts formed by fractional crystallization are not the only requirements to form a granite-related Mo ore deposit. Efficient extraction of the residual melts, possibly facilitated by high concentrations of magmatic F is also critical to the ore formation. Evidence for high-F concentration in felsic magma, which facilitates melt and fluid separation and economic Mo mineralization during magma evolution, may be traced by the presence of F-rich titanite crystals in the two Mo-mineralized granite plutons (CXWC and TCG). These new findings from this study confirm that titanite is indeed a good petrogenetic and metallogenic indicator. However, in light of the limited contribution of metal fertility to Mo mineralization, we suggest that titanite Mo concentrations should be used along with other crucial proxies, such as titanite F contents and Fe /Al ratios to better evaluate the Mo-mineralized potential of granites.
Author Bi Xianwu, Bi Xianwu
Li Chusi, Li Chusi
Zhu Jingjing, Zhu Jingjing
Pan Lichuan, Pan Lichuan
Hu Ruizhong, Hu Ruizhong
Wang Xinsong, Wang Xinsong
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  fullname: Li Chusi, Li Chusi
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  fullname: Wang Xinsong, Wang Xinsong
– sequence: 6
  fullname: Zhu Jingjing, Zhu Jingjing
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Snippet Major, minor, and trace element abundances in titanite crystals from four granitic plutons in southern Yidun arc, SW China, have been determined using electron...
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SubjectTerms Ablation
Aluminum oxide
Arc deposition
Asia
Chemical composition
China
Copper
Cretaceous
Crystallization
Crystals
Economic geology
Economics
Electron microprobe
Electron probes
Far East
Fertility
Fractional crystallization
From Magmas to Ore Deposits
geochemical indicators
Geochemistry
Granite
granites
Halogens
ICP mass spectra
Igneous rocks
Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry
intrusions
LA-ICP-MS
Laser ablation
Lasers
Lava
Magma
magma composition
magmas
major elements
mass spectra
Mass spectrometry
Mass spectroscopy
Melts (crystal growth)
Mesozoic
metal ores
Metals
Mineral deposits
mineral deposits, genesis
mineral exploration
Mineralization
Mo mineralization
Molybdenum
molybdenum ores
nesosilicates
ore genesis
Organic chemistry
orthosilicates
Oxidation
oxidation state
Petrogenesis
plutonic rocks
Plutons
Pulang Pluton
rare earths
Ratios
REE
rock, sediment, soil
silicates
spectra
Titanite
titanite group
Tongchanggou Pluton
Trace elements
Triassic
Xiuwacu Pluton
Yidun Belt
Title Titanite major and trace element compositions as petrogenetic and metallogenic indicators of Mo ore deposits; examples from four granite plutons in the southern Yidun Arc, SW China
URI https://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/msa/ammin/article/103/9/1417/547750
https://www.degruyter.com/doi/10.2138/am-2018-6224
https://www.proquest.com/docview/2167874062
Volume 103
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