Instantaneous Unit Hydrograph Evaluation for Rainfall-Runoff Modeling of Small Watersheds in North and South Central Texas
Data from over 1,600 storms at 91 stations in Texas are analyzed to evaluate an instantaneous unit hydrograph (IUH) model for rainfall-runoff models. The model is fit to observed data using two different merit functions: a sum of squared errors function, and an absolute error at the peak discharge t...
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Published in | Journal of irrigation and drainage engineering Vol. 132; no. 5; pp. 479 - 485 |
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Main Authors | , , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
Reston, VA
American Society of Civil Engineers
01.10.2006
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Subjects | |
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Abstract | Data from over 1,600 storms at 91 stations in Texas are analyzed to evaluate an instantaneous unit hydrograph (IUH) model for rainfall-runoff models. The model is fit to observed data using two different merit functions: a sum of squared errors function, and an absolute error at the peak discharge time
(
Qp
MAX)
function. The model is compared to two other models using several criteria. Analysis suggests that the Natural Resources Conservation Service Dimensionless Unit Hydrograph, Commons’ Texas hydrograph, and the Rayleigh IUH perform similarly. As the NRCS and Commons’ models are tabulations, the Rayleigh model is an adequate substitute when a continuous model is necessary. The adjustable shape parameter in the Rayleigh model does not make any dramatic improvement in overall performance for these data, thus fixed shape hydrographs are adequate for these watersheds. |
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AbstractList | Data from over 1,600 storms at 91 stations in Texas are analyzed to evaluate an instantaneous unit hydrograph (IUH) model for rainfall-runoff models. The model is fit to observed data using two different merit functions: a sum of squared errors function, and an absolute error at the peak discharge time (Q sub(p)MAX) function. The model is compared to two other models using several criteria. Analysis suggests that the Natural Resources Conservation Service Dimensionless Unit Hydrograph, Commons' Texas hydrograph, and the Rayleigh IUH perform similarly. As the NRCS and Commons' models are tabulations, the Rayleigh model is an adequate substitute when a continuous model is necessary. The adjustable shape parameter in the Rayleigh model does not make any dramatic improvement in overall performance for these data, thus fixed shape hydrographs are adequate for these watersheds. Data from over 1,600 storms at 91 stations in Texas are analyzed to evaluate an instantaneous unit hydrograph (IUH) model for rainfall-runoff models. The model is fit to observed data using two different merit functions: a sum of squared errors function, and an absolute error at the peak discharge time ( Qp MAX) function. The model is compared to two other models using several criteria. Analysis suggests that the Natural Resources Conservation Service Dimensionless Unit Hydrograph, Commons’ Texas hydrograph, and the Rayleigh IUH perform similarly. As the NRCS and Commons’ models are tabulations, the Rayleigh model is an adequate substitute when a continuous model is necessary. The adjustable shape parameter in the Rayleigh model does not make any dramatic improvement in overall performance for these data, thus fixed shape hydrographs are adequate for these watersheds. |
Author | Asquith, William H Thompson, David B Cleveland, Theodore G He, Xin Fang, Xing |
Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Theodore G surname: Cleveland fullname: Cleveland, Theodore G email: cleveland@uh.edu organization: Univ. of Houston , Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, , Houston, TX 77204-4003 (corresponding author). E-mail – sequence: 2 givenname: Xin surname: He fullname: He, Xin email: hexinbit@hotmail.com organization: Univ. of Houston , Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, , Houston, TX 77204-4003. E-mail – sequence: 3 givenname: William H surname: Asquith fullname: Asquith, William H email: wasquith@usgs.gov organization: U.S. Geological Survey , , 8027 Exchange Dr., Austin, TX 78754. E-mail – sequence: 4 givenname: Xing surname: Fang fullname: Fang, Xing email: xing.fang@lamar.edu organization: Lamar Univ. , Dept. of Civil Engineering, , Beaumont, TX 77706. E-mail – sequence: 5 givenname: David B surname: Thompson fullname: Thompson, David B email: david.thompson@ttu.edu organization: Texas Tech Univ. , Dept. of Civil Engineering, , P.O. Box 41023, Lubbock, TX 79409-1023. E-mail |
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Cites_doi | 10.1061/(ASCE)1084-0699(2000)5:4(380) 10.1016/0022-1694(88)90140-0 10.1029/JZ069i024p05231 10.1090/qam/99884 10.1061/JYCEAJ.0002196 10.1002/ep.670180213 10.1023/A:1005810619145 10.3133/ofr20041035 |
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Keywords | Hydrographs Rain Runoff Texas Watershed Water engineering Rainfall Runoff water Modeling Flow diagram |
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References | Kumar, A.; Bellam, N. K.; Sud, A. 1999; 18 Nash, J. E. 1958; 3 Bates, B.; Davies, P. K. 1988; 103 Lienhard, J. H.; Meyer, P. L. 1967; 25 Commons, G. G. 1942; 12 Leinhard, J. H. 1964; 4 Singh, S. K. 2000; 5 Laurenson, E. M.; O’Donnell, T. 1969; 95 Patel, V.; Kumar, A. 1998; 53 e_1_3_2_9_1 e_1_3_2_17_1 e_1_3_2_8_1 Nauman E. B. (e_1_3_2_16_1) 1983 e_1_3_2_18_1 e_1_3_2_7_1 e_1_3_2_19_1 National Resources Conservation Service (e_1_3_2_15_1) 1972 Laurenson E. M. (e_1_3_2_10_1) 1969; 95 e_1_3_2_2_1 e_1_3_2_20_1 e_1_3_2_11_1 e_1_3_2_6_1 e_1_3_2_12_1 e_1_3_2_4_1 e_1_3_2_3_1 Nash J. E. (e_1_3_2_14_1) 1958; 3 Commons G. G. (e_1_3_2_5_1) 1942; 12 McCuen R. H. (e_1_3_2_13_1) 1998 |
References_xml | – volume: 95 start-page: 1899 issn: 0044-796X year: 1969 end-page: 1917 article-title: Data error effects in unit hydrograph derivation publication-title: J. Hydr. Div. contributor: fullname: Laurenson, E. M.; O’Donnell, T. – volume: 5 start-page: 380 issn: 1084-0699 year: 2000 end-page: 385 article-title: Transmuting synthetic unit hydrographs into gamma distribution publication-title: J. Hydrol. Eng. doi: 10.1061/(ASCE)1084-0699(2000)5:4(380) contributor: fullname: Singh, S. K. – volume: 25 start-page: 330 issn: 0033-569X year: 1967 end-page: 334 article-title: A physical basis for the generalized gamma distribution publication-title: Q. Appl. Math. contributor: fullname: Lienhard, J. H.; Meyer, P. L. – volume: 53 start-page: 259 issn: 0167-6369 year: 1998 end-page: 277 article-title: Evaluation of three air dispersion models: ISCST2, ISCLT2, and SCREEN2 for mercury emissions in an urban area publication-title: Environ. Monit. Assess. contributor: fullname: Patel, V.; Kumar, A. – volume: 4 start-page: 5231 year: 1964 end-page: 5238 article-title: A statistical–mechanical prediction of the dimensionless unit hydrograph publication-title: J. Geophys. Res. contributor: fullname: Leinhard, J. H. – volume: 103 start-page: 309 issn: 0022-1694 year: 1988 end-page: 322 article-title: Effect of baseflow separation on surface runoff models publication-title: J. Hydrol. doi: 10.1016/0022-1694(88)90140-0 contributor: fullname: Bates, B.; Davies, P. K. – volume: 12 start-page: 571 issn: 0009-7853 year: 1942 end-page: 572 article-title: Flood hydrographs publication-title: Civ. Eng. (N.Y.) contributor: fullname: Commons, G. G. – volume: 18 start-page: 93 issn: 0278-4491 year: 1999 end-page: 100 article-title: Performance of an industrial source complex model: predicting long-term concentrations in an urban area publication-title: Environ. Prog. contributor: fullname: Kumar, A.; Bellam, N. K.; Sud, A. – volume: 3 start-page: 114 year: 1958 end-page: 118 article-title: The form of the instantaneous unit hydrograph publication-title: Int. Assoc. Sci. Hydrol., Publ. n62 contributor: fullname: Nash, J. E. – ident: e_1_3_2_8_1 – ident: e_1_3_2_3_1 doi: 10.1016/0022-1694(88)90140-0 – ident: e_1_3_2_11_1 doi: 10.1029/JZ069i024p05231 – volume-title: Mixing in continuous flow systems year: 1983 ident: e_1_3_2_16_1 contributor: fullname: Nauman E. B. – ident: e_1_3_2_12_1 doi: 10.1090/qam/99884 – ident: e_1_3_2_4_1 – ident: e_1_3_2_17_1 – volume: 3 start-page: 114 year: 1958 ident: e_1_3_2_14_1 article-title: The form of the instantaneous unit hydrograph publication-title: Int. Assoc. Sci. Hydrol., Publ. n62 contributor: fullname: Nash J. E. – ident: e_1_3_2_6_1 – ident: e_1_3_2_20_1 – ident: e_1_3_2_19_1 doi: 10.1061/(ASCE)1084-0699(2000)5:4(380) – volume: 95 start-page: 1899 issue: 6 year: 1969 ident: e_1_3_2_10_1 article-title: Data error effects in unit hydrograph derivation publication-title: J. Hydr. Div. doi: 10.1061/JYCEAJ.0002196 contributor: fullname: Laurenson E. M. – ident: e_1_3_2_9_1 doi: 10.1002/ep.670180213 – ident: e_1_3_2_18_1 doi: 10.1023/A:1005810619145 – volume-title: Hydrologic analysis and design year: 1998 ident: e_1_3_2_13_1 contributor: fullname: McCuen R. H. – volume-title: National engineering handbook: Hydrographs year: 1972 ident: e_1_3_2_15_1 contributor: fullname: National Resources Conservation Service – ident: e_1_3_2_7_1 – volume: 12 start-page: 571 issue: 10 year: 1942 ident: e_1_3_2_5_1 article-title: Flood hydrographs publication-title: Civ. Eng. (N.Y.) contributor: fullname: Commons G. G. – ident: e_1_3_2_2_1 doi: 10.3133/ofr20041035 |
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SubjectTerms | Agricultural and forest climatology and meteorology. Irrigation. Drainage Agronomy. Soil science and plant productions Biological and medical sciences Freshwater Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology General agronomy. Plant production hydrologic models Irrigation. Drainage mathematical models rain stormwater TECHNICAL PAPERS watersheds |
Title | Instantaneous Unit Hydrograph Evaluation for Rainfall-Runoff Modeling of Small Watersheds in North and South Central Texas |
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