Effects of Biomass Types and Carbonization Conditions on the Chemical Characteristics of Hydrochars
Effects of biomass types (bark mulch versus sugar beet pulp) and carbonization processing conditions (temperature, residence time, and phase of reaction medium) on the chemical characteristics of hydrochars were examined by elemental analysis, solid-state 13C NMR, and chemical and biochemical oxygen...
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| Published in | Journal of agricultural and food chemistry Vol. 61; no. 39; pp. 9401 - 9411 |
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| Main Authors | , , , , , , , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
Washington, DC
American Chemical Society
02.10.2013
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| Online Access | Get full text |
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| Abstract | Effects of biomass types (bark mulch versus sugar beet pulp) and carbonization processing conditions (temperature, residence time, and phase of reaction medium) on the chemical characteristics of hydrochars were examined by elemental analysis, solid-state 13C NMR, and chemical and biochemical oxygen demand measurements. Bark hydrochars were more aromatic than sugar beet hydrochars produced under the same processing conditions. The presence of lignin in bark led to a much lower biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) of bark than sugar beet and increasing trends of BOD after carbonization. Compared with those prepared at 200 °C, 250 °C hydrochars were more aromatic and depleted of carbohydrates. Longer residence time (20 versus 3 h) at 250 °C resulted in the enrichment of nonprotonated aromatic carbons. Both bark and sugar beet pulp underwent deeper carbonization during water hydrothermal carbonization than during steam hydrothermal carbonization (200 °C, 3 h) in terms of more abundant aromatic C but less carbohydrate C in water hydrochars. |
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| AbstractList | Effects of biomass types (bark mulch versus sugar beet pulp) and carbonization processing conditions (temperature, residence time, and phase of reaction medium) on the chemical characteristics of hydrochars were examined by elemental analysis, solid-state ¹³C NMR, and chemical and biochemical oxygen demand measurements. Bark hydrochars were more aromatic than sugar beet hydrochars produced under the same processing conditions. The presence of lignin in bark led to a much lower biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) of bark than sugar beet and increasing trends of BOD after carbonization. Compared with those prepared at 200 °C, 250 °C hydrochars were more aromatic and depleted of carbohydrates. Longer residence time (20 versus 3 h) at 250 °C resulted in the enrichment of nonprotonated aromatic carbons. Both bark and sugar beet pulp underwent deeper carbonization during water hydrothermal carbonization than during steam hydrothermal carbonization (200 °C, 3 h) in terms of more abundant aromatic C but less carbohydrate C in water hydrochars.Effects of biomass types (bark mulch versus sugar beet pulp) and carbonization processing conditions (temperature, residence time, and phase of reaction medium) on the chemical characteristics of hydrochars were examined by elemental analysis, solid-state ¹³C NMR, and chemical and biochemical oxygen demand measurements. Bark hydrochars were more aromatic than sugar beet hydrochars produced under the same processing conditions. The presence of lignin in bark led to a much lower biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) of bark than sugar beet and increasing trends of BOD after carbonization. Compared with those prepared at 200 °C, 250 °C hydrochars were more aromatic and depleted of carbohydrates. Longer residence time (20 versus 3 h) at 250 °C resulted in the enrichment of nonprotonated aromatic carbons. Both bark and sugar beet pulp underwent deeper carbonization during water hydrothermal carbonization than during steam hydrothermal carbonization (200 °C, 3 h) in terms of more abundant aromatic C but less carbohydrate C in water hydrochars. Effects of biomass types (bark mulch versus sugar beet pulp) and carbonization processing conditions (temperature, residence time, and phase of reaction medium) on the chemical characteristics of hydrochars were examined by elemental analysis, solid-state ¹³C NMR, and chemical and biochemical oxygen demand measurements. Bark hydrochars were more aromatic than sugar beet hydrochars produced under the same processing conditions. The presence of lignin in bark led to a much lower biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) of bark than sugar beet and increasing trends of BOD after carbonization. Compared with those prepared at 200 °C, 250 °C hydrochars were more aromatic and depleted of carbohydrates. Longer residence time (20 versus 3 h) at 250 °C resulted in the enrichment of nonprotonated aromatic carbons. Both bark and sugar beet pulp underwent deeper carbonization during water hydrothermal carbonization than during steam hydrothermal carbonization (200 °C, 3 h) in terms of more abundant aromatic C but less carbohydrate C in water hydrochars. Effects of biomass types (bark mulch versus sugar beet pulp) and carbonization processing conditions (temperature, residence time, and phase of reaction medium) on the chemical characteristics of hydrochars were examined by elemental analysis, solid-state 13C NMR, and chemical and biochemical oxygen demand measurements. Bark hydrochars were more aromatic than sugar beet hydrochars produced under the same processing conditions. The presence of lignin in bark led to a much lower biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) of bark than sugar beet and increasing trends of BOD after carbonization. Compared with those prepared at 200 °C, 250 °C hydrochars were more aromatic and depleted of carbohydrates. Longer residence time (20 versus 3 h) at 250 °C resulted in the enrichment of nonprotonated aromatic carbons. Both bark and sugar beet pulp underwent deeper carbonization during water hydrothermal carbonization than during steam hydrothermal carbonization (200 °C, 3 h) in terms of more abundant aromatic C but less carbohydrate C in water hydrochars. |
| Author | Li, Yuan Cao, Xiaoyan Yang, John Li, Liang Ro, Kyoung S Chen, Na Deng, Baolin Libra, Judy A Lima, Isabel Berge, Nicole Kammann, Claudia I Mao, Jingdong |
| AuthorAffiliation | Justus-Liebig University Gießen Southern Regional Research Center Nanjing Agricultural University U.S. Department of Agriculture Old Dominion University Coastal Plains Soil, Water, and Plant Research Center Lincoln University of Missouri Department of Chemistry Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Department of Plant Ecology University of South Carolina Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Department of Agriculture and Environmental Science Leibniz Institute for Agricultural Engineering University of Missouri |
| AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: Old Dominion University – name: Department of Chemistry – name: University of Missouri – name: Department of Plant Ecology – name: Southern Regional Research Center – name: Department of Agriculture and Environmental Science – name: Lincoln University of Missouri – name: Coastal Plains Soil, Water, and Plant Research Center – name: Justus-Liebig University Gießen – name: U.S. Department of Agriculture – name: Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering – name: Nanjing Agricultural University – name: Leibniz Institute for Agricultural Engineering – name: University of South Carolina – name: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Xiaoyan surname: Cao fullname: Cao, Xiaoyan – sequence: 2 givenname: Kyoung S surname: Ro fullname: Ro, Kyoung S – sequence: 3 givenname: Judy A surname: Libra fullname: Libra, Judy A – sequence: 4 givenname: Claudia I surname: Kammann fullname: Kammann, Claudia I – sequence: 5 givenname: Isabel surname: Lima fullname: Lima, Isabel – sequence: 6 givenname: Nicole surname: Berge fullname: Berge, Nicole – sequence: 7 givenname: Liang surname: Li fullname: Li, Liang – sequence: 8 givenname: Yuan surname: Li fullname: Li, Yuan – sequence: 9 givenname: Na surname: Chen fullname: Chen, Na – sequence: 10 givenname: John surname: Yang fullname: Yang, John – sequence: 11 givenname: Baolin surname: Deng fullname: Deng, Baolin – sequence: 12 givenname: Jingdong surname: Mao fullname: Mao, Jingdong email: maojd@njau.edu.cn, jmao@odu.edu |
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| Keywords | biomass type lignin process condition chemical structure hydrochar Process conditions Lignin Chemical structure Biomass Dietary fiber |
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| Snippet | Effects of biomass types (bark mulch versus sugar beet pulp) and carbonization processing conditions (temperature, residence time, and phase of reaction... |
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| SubjectTerms | analysis bark bark mulches Beta vulgaris Beta vulgaris - chemistry biochemical oxygen demand Biological and medical sciences biomass carbohydrates Carbohydrates - analysis Carbohydrates - chemistry chemistry economics Fertilizers Fertilizers - analysis Fertilizers - economics Food industries Food-Processing Industry Food-Processing Industry - economics Forestry Forestry - economics Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Gardening Gardening - economics Gardening - methods Hot Temperature Industrial Waste Industrial Waste - analysis Industrial Waste - economics Manure methods nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy Odorants Oxygen Oxygen - chemistry Plant Bark Plant Bark - chemistry Plant Roots Plant Roots - chemistry Soil Soil - chemistry Steam sugar beet sugar beet pulp temperature Time Factors Water Water - chemistry |
| Title | Effects of Biomass Types and Carbonization Conditions on the Chemical Characteristics of Hydrochars |
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