Development of Toughened Blends of Poly(lactic acid) and Poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) for 3D Printing Applications: Compatibilization Methods and Material Performance Evaluation
The research presented in this article discusses the subject of poly(lactic acid) (PLA) modification via reactive mixing with the poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) copolymer for 3D printing applications. Filaments suitable for fused deposition modeling were prepared from blends of PLA...
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| Published in | ACS sustainable chemistry & engineering Vol. 8; no. 17; pp. 6576 - 6589 |
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| Main Authors | , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
American Chemical Society
04.05.2020
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| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
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| Abstract | The research presented in this article discusses the subject of poly(lactic acid) (PLA) modification via reactive mixing with the poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) copolymer for 3D printing applications. Filaments suitable for fused deposition modeling were prepared from blends of PLA containing 10, 20, and 30% by weight of PBAT. Mechanical testing clearly indicated that the blending with PBAT effectively increases the impact strength of PLA, from an initial value of approximately 30 J/m to more than 700 J/m for the optimized PLA/PBAT (30%) chain extender-modified blend. The addition of the multifunctional chain extender (ESA) also has a positive effect on the rheological profile of the PLA/PBAT materials, which facilitates both the production process of the extruded filament and the maintenance of a stable width of the printed material path. Despite the use of a significant PBAT content, the analysis of thermomechanical properties did not show any significant deterioration in the thermal resistance of the materials, while a detailed differential scanning calorimetry analysis indicates a small tendency to nucleate the PLA structure by PBAT inclusions. The structural analysis of scanning electron microscopy clearly indicates a change in the mechanism of deformation from a brittle fracture for pure PLA to a more favorable shear yielding for PBAT-rich blends. The comparison of the properties of printed and injected PLA/PBAT blends indicates the possibility of obtaining similar or in some respects better mechanical properties, especially for ESA-modified samples. |
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| AbstractList | The research presented in this article discusses the subject of poly(lactic acid) (PLA) modification via reactive mixing with the poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) copolymer for 3D printing applications. Filaments suitable for fused deposition modeling were prepared from blends of PLA containing 10, 20, and 30% by weight of PBAT. Mechanical testing clearly indicated that the blending with PBAT effectively increases the impact strength of PLA, from an initial value of approximately 30 J/m to more than 700 J/m for the optimized PLA/PBAT (30%) chain extender-modified blend. The addition of the multifunctional chain extender (ESA) also has a positive effect on the rheological profile of the PLA/PBAT materials, which facilitates both the production process of the extruded filament and the maintenance of a stable width of the printed material path. Despite the use of a significant PBAT content, the analysis of thermomechanical properties did not show any significant deterioration in the thermal resistance of the materials, while a detailed differential scanning calorimetry analysis indicates a small tendency to nucleate the PLA structure by PBAT inclusions. The structural analysis of scanning electron microscopy clearly indicates a change in the mechanism of deformation from a brittle fracture for pure PLA to a more favorable shear yielding for PBAT-rich blends. The comparison of the properties of printed and injected PLA/PBAT blends indicates the possibility of obtaining similar or in some respects better mechanical properties, especially for ESA-modified samples. The research presented in this article discusses the subject of poly(lactic acid) (PLA) modification via reactive mixing with the poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) copolymer for 3D printing applications. Filaments suitable for fused deposition modeling were prepared from blends of PLA containing 10, 20, and 30% by weight of PBAT. Mechanical testing clearly indicated that the blending with PBAT effectively increases the impact strength of PLA, from an initial value of approximately 30 J/m to more than 700 J/m for the optimized PLA/PBAT (30%) chain extender-modified blend. The addition of the multifunctional chain extender (ESA) also has a positive effect on the rheological profile of the PLA/PBAT materials, which facilitates both the production process of the extruded filament and the maintenance of a stable width of the printed material path. Despite the use of a significant PBAT content, the analysis of thermomechanical properties did not show any significant deterioration in the thermal resistance of the materials, while a detailed differential scanning calorimetry analysis indicates a small tendency to nucleate the PLA structure by PBAT inclusions. The structural analysis of scanning electron microscopy clearly indicates a change in the mechanism of deformation from a brittle fracture for pure PLA to a more favorable shear yielding for PBAT-rich blends. The comparison of the properties of printed and injected PLA/PBAT blends indicates the possibility of obtaining similar or in some respects better mechanical properties, especially for ESA-modified samples. |
| Author | Mohanty, Amar K Andrzejewski, Jacek Anstey, Andrew Misra, Manjusri Cheng, Joyce |
| AuthorAffiliation | Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Polymer Processing Division School of Engineering Poznan University of Technology Bioproduct Discovery and Development Centre, Department of Plant Agriculture |
| AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: School of Engineering – name: Poznan University of Technology – name: Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Polymer Processing Division – name: Bioproduct Discovery and Development Centre, Department of Plant Agriculture |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Jacek surname: Andrzejewski fullname: Andrzejewski, Jacek organization: Poznan University of Technology – sequence: 2 givenname: Joyce surname: Cheng fullname: Cheng, Joyce organization: School of Engineering – sequence: 3 givenname: Andrew surname: Anstey fullname: Anstey, Andrew organization: Bioproduct Discovery and Development Centre, Department of Plant Agriculture – sequence: 4 givenname: Amar K orcidid: 0000-0002-1079-2481 surname: Mohanty fullname: Mohanty, Amar K email: mohanty@uoguelph.ca organization: School of Engineering – sequence: 5 givenname: Manjusri orcidid: 0000-0003-2179-7699 surname: Misra fullname: Misra, Manjusri email: mmisra@uoguelph.ca organization: School of Engineering |
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| Title | Development of Toughened Blends of Poly(lactic acid) and Poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) for 3D Printing Applications: Compatibilization Methods and Material Performance Evaluation |
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