Late Glacial beech forest: an 18,000–5000-BP pollen record from Auckland, New Zealand

Australia, New Zealand and South America are the main sources of terrestrial climate change records for midlatitudes in the Southern Hemisphere. The advantage of studying the New Zealand record is that its vegetation has been subject to human influence for only the last thousand years. Vegetation re...

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Published inGlobal and planetary change Vol. 33; no. 3; pp. 315 - 327
Main Authors Lancashire, A.K, Flenley, J.R, Harper, M
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Elsevier B.V 01.07.2002
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ISSN0921-8181
1872-6364
DOI10.1016/S0921-8181(02)00085-1

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Abstract Australia, New Zealand and South America are the main sources of terrestrial climate change records for midlatitudes in the Southern Hemisphere. The advantage of studying the New Zealand record is that its vegetation has been subject to human influence for only the last thousand years. Vegetation records for Auckland are important because earlier work indicates that during the Last Glacial Maximum, the boundary between scrubland and forest lay in the Auckland region. Auckland is situated in a volcanic field and the coring site was in the crater of a small extinct volcano (Crater Hill, formed about 29 ka BP). The 4-m long core contained sediment dating from c. 5 to c. 18 ka BP. We present pollen and diatom records from this core. The pollen records from basal clays indicate southern beech forest (mainly Nothofagus menziesii) was present in the region around Crater Hill from 18 to 14.5 ka BP. At this time, there were areas of scrub in the crater surrounding a hardwater lake. The southern forest limit could well have been close to the site. Records from overlying peat indicate beech forest was replaced by Podocarp broadleaf forest as the Last Glacial ended. Metrosideros spp. (coastal forest trees) peak in the early Holocene. This coincides with an impoverished diatom flora which indicates drier conditions in the basin. When the lake reformed in the Holocene on peat its water was more acidic.
AbstractList Australia, New Zealand and South America are the main sources of terrestrial climate change records for midlatitudes in the Southern Hemisphere. The advantage of studying the New Zealand record is that its vegetation has been subject to human influence for only the last thousand years. Vegetation records for Auckland are important because earlier work indicates that during the Last Glacial Maximum, the boundary between scrubland and forest lay in the Auckland region. Auckland is situated in a volcanic field and the coring site was in the crater of a small extinct volcano (Crater Hill, formed about 29 ka BP). The 4-m long core contained sediment dating from c. 5 to c. 18 ka BP. We present pollen and diatom records from this core. The pollen records from basal clays indicate southern beech forest (mainly Nothofagus menziesii) was present in the region around Crater Hill from 18 to 14.5 ka BP. At this time, there were areas of scrub in the crater surrounding a hardwater lake. The southern forest limit could well have been close to the site. Records from overlying peat indicate beech forest was replaced by Podocarp broadleaf forest as the Last Glacial ended. Metrosideros spp. (coastal forest trees) peak in the early Holocene. This coincides with an impoverished diatom flora which indicates drier conditions in the basin. When the lake reformed in the Holocene on peat its water was more acidic.
Australia, New Zealand and South America are the main sources of terrestrial climate change records for midlatitudes in the Southern Hemisphere. The advantage of studying the New Zealand record is that its vegetation has been subject to human influence for only the last thousand years. Vegetation records for Auckland are important because earlier work indicates that during the Last Glacial Maximum, the boundary between scrubland and forest lay in the Auckland region. Auckland is situated in a volcanic field and the coring site was in the crater of a small extinct volcano (Crater Hill, formed about 29 ka BP). The 4-m long core contained sediment dating from c. 5 to c. 18 ka BP. We present pollen and diatom records from this core. The pollen records from basal clays indicate southern beech forest (mainly Nothofagus menziesii) was present in the region around Crater Hill from 18 to 14.5 ka BP. At this time, there were areas of scrub in the crater surrounding a hardwater lake. The southern forest limit could well have been close to the site. Records from overlying peat indicate beech forest was replaced by Podocarp broadleaf forest as the Last Glacial ended. Metrosideros spp. (coastal forest trees) peak in the early Holocene. This coincides with an impoverished diatom flora which indicates drier conditions in the basin. When the lake reformed in the Holocene on peat its water was more acidic.
Most records of terrestrial climate change trends and processes for midlatitudes in the Southern Hemisphere are derived from Australia, New Zealand, and South America. One of the primary benefits of analyses enacted in New Zealand is that vegetation there has only been subject to anthropogenic pressures for roughly the last 1000 years. The importance of vegetation records for Auckland is linked to the fact that the boundary between scrubland and forest was located in the Auckland region during the Last Glacial Maximum. Coring activities were implemented in the crater of a small extinct volcano. Findings from analyses of pollen and diatom records from the core are reported. The diverse changes that have occurred in landcover in the region are discussed.
Author Lancashire, A.K
Flenley, J.R
Harper, M
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Keywords craters
diatoms
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Quaternary
pollen
tephra
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Snippet Australia, New Zealand and South America are the main sources of terrestrial climate change records for midlatitudes in the Southern Hemisphere. The advantage...
Most records of terrestrial climate change trends and processes for midlatitudes in the Southern Hemisphere are derived from Australia, New Zealand, and South...
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SubjectTerms Auckland
Bacillariophyceae
craters
diatoms
Freshwater
Metrosideros
Nothofagus menziesii
Podocarpaceae
pollen
Quaternary
tephra
Title Late Glacial beech forest: an 18,000–5000-BP pollen record from Auckland, New Zealand
URI https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0921-8181(02)00085-1
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https://www.proquest.com/docview/18646926
Volume 33
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