Reproductive innovations and pulsed rise in plant complexity
Morphological complexity is a notable feature of multicellular life, although whether it evolves gradually or in early bursts is unclear. Vascular plant reproductive structures, such as flowers, are familiar examples of complex morphology. In this study, we use a simple approach based on the number...
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| Published in | Science (American Association for the Advancement of Science) Vol. 373; no. 6561; pp. 1368 - 1372 |
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| Main Authors | , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
United States
The American Association for the Advancement of Science
17.09.2021
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| Abstract | Morphological complexity is a notable feature of multicellular life, although whether it evolves gradually or in early bursts is unclear. Vascular plant reproductive structures, such as flowers, are familiar examples of complex morphology. In this study, we use a simple approach based on the number of part types to analyze changes in complexity over time. We find that reproductive complexity increased in two pulses separated by ~250 million years of stasis, including an initial rise in the Devonian with the radiation of vascular plants and a pronounced increase in the Late Cretaceous that reflects flowering plant diversification. These pulses are associated with innovations that increased functional diversity, suggesting that shifts in complexity are linked to changes in function regardless of whether they occur early or late in the history of vascular plants. |
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| AbstractList | Morphological complexity is a notable feature of multicellular life, although whether it evolves gradually or in early bursts is unclear. Vascular plant reproductive structures, such as flowers, are familiar examples of complex morphology. In this study, we use a simple approach based on the number of part types to analyze changes in complexity over time. We find that reproductive complexity increased in two pulses separated by ~250 million years of stasis, including an initial rise in the Devonian with the radiation of vascular plants and a pronounced increase in the Late Cretaceous that reflects flowering plant diversification. These pulses are associated with innovations that increased functional diversity, suggesting that shifts in complexity are linked to changes in function regardless of whether they occur early or late in the history of vascular plants.
Evolutionary pulses of complexity
The evolution of land plants has been marked by an increase in the complexity of reproductive structures. Leslie
et al
. analyzed the temporal pattern of this increase in a study of fossil and extant land plants across the entire paleontological record. Reproductive complexity increased in two widely separated pulses corresponding to key innovations in reproductive biology: the origin of seeds in the very late Devonian and the origin of flowering plants in the mid-Cretaceous almost 250 million years later. After the origin of flowers, there was a rapid expansion in the morphological complexity of flowering plants. In contrast to many aspects of animal morphological diversity, which expanded early in evolutionary history, most complexity in plants was achieved relatively late. —AMS
Increases in plant reproductive complexity in two widely separated pulses were associated with major evolutionary innovations. Morphological complexity is a notable feature of multicellular life, although whether it evolves gradually or in early bursts is unclear. Vascular plant reproductive structures, such as flowers, are familiar examples of complex morphology. In this study, we use a simple approach based on the number of part types to analyze changes in complexity over time. We find that reproductive complexity increased in two pulses separated by ~250 million years of stasis, including an initial rise in the Devonian with the radiation of vascular plants and a pronounced increase in the Late Cretaceous that reflects flowering plant diversification. These pulses are associated with innovations that increased functional diversity, suggesting that shifts in complexity are linked to changes in function regardless of whether they occur early or late in the history of vascular plants. Evolutionary pulses of complexityThe evolution of land plants has been marked by an increase in the complexity of reproductive structures. Leslie et al. analyzed the temporal pattern of this increase in a study of fossil and extant land plants across the entire paleontological record. Reproductive complexity increased in two widely separated pulses corresponding to key innovations in reproductive biology: the origin of seeds in the very late Devonian and the origin of flowering plants in the mid-Cretaceous almost 250 million years later. After the origin of flowers, there was a rapid expansion in the morphological complexity of flowering plants. In contrast to many aspects of animal morphological diversity, which expanded early in evolutionary history, most complexity in plants was achieved relatively late. —AMSMorphological complexity is a notable feature of multicellular life, although whether it evolves gradually or in early bursts is unclear. Vascular plant reproductive structures, such as flowers, are familiar examples of complex morphology. In this study, we use a simple approach based on the number of part types to analyze changes in complexity over time. We find that reproductive complexity increased in two pulses separated by ~250 million years of stasis, including an initial rise in the Devonian with the radiation of vascular plants and a pronounced increase in the Late Cretaceous that reflects flowering plant diversification. These pulses are associated with innovations that increased functional diversity, suggesting that shifts in complexity are linked to changes in function regardless of whether they occur early or late in the history of vascular plants. |
| Author | Mander, Luke Leslie, Andrew B Simpson, Carl |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Andrew B orcidid: 0000-0002-9011-6888 surname: Leslie fullname: Leslie, Andrew B organization: Geological Sciences Department, Stanford University, 450 Jane Stanford Way, Building 320, Room 118, Stanford, CA 94305, USA – sequence: 2 givenname: Carl orcidid: 0000-0003-0719-4437 surname: Simpson fullname: Simpson, Carl organization: Geological Sciences, University of Colorado Museum of Natural History, University of Colorado Boulder, Campus Box 265, Boulder, CO 80304, USA – sequence: 3 givenname: Luke orcidid: 0000-0003-4347-2705 surname: Mander fullname: Mander, Luke organization: School of Environment, Earth and Ecosystem Sciences, The Open University, Walton Hall, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA, UK |
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| Title | Reproductive innovations and pulsed rise in plant complexity |
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