Reforming Public Health in Occupied Japan, 1945-52 Alien prescriptions?

• Main Authors: Aldous, Christopher, Suzuki, Akihito
• Format: eBook Book
• Language: English
• Published: Abingdon, Oxon Routledge 2012; Taylor and Francis; Taylor & Francis Group
• Edition: 1
• Series: Routledge Studies in the Modern History of Asia
• Subjects: Asian Studies; History of Medicine; Japan > History > Allied occupation, 1945-1952; Japanese History; Medical History; Public health; Public health - Japan - History - 20th century; infectious; acute; Tuberculin Testing; School Lunch Programme; soil; Public Health Nurses; typhus; BCG Vaccine; SCAP; Indirect Occupation; Health Centre Law; Epidemic Typhus; chronic; venereal; Welfare Ministry; disease; Endemic Typhus; epidemic; Nagayo Sensai; night; Chronic Infectious Diseases; diseases; Tuberculosis Control; Alien Prescriptions; Diphtheria Toxoid; Occupied Japan; Cholera Vaccine; Venereal Disease Control; Sanitary Teams; Venereal Disease; BCG Immunization; Typhus Vaccine; Dry Skim Milk; Nippon Times; Acute Infectious Diseases
• DOI: 10.4324/9780203142820
• ISBN: 0415681499; 9780415681490

Whilst most facets of the Occupation of Japan have attracted much scholarly debate in recent decades, this is not the case with reforms relating to public health. The few studies of this subject largely follow the celebratory account of US-inspired advances, strongly associated with Crawford Sams, the key figure in the Occupation charged with carrying them out. This book tests the validity of this dominant narrative, interrogating its chief claims, exploring the influences acting on it, and critically examining the reform's broader significance for the Occupation and its legacies for both Japan and the US. The book argues that rather than presiding over a revolution in public health, the Public Health and Welfare Section, headed by Sams, recommended methods of epidemic disease control and prevention that were already established in Japan and were not the innovations that they were often claimed to be. Where high incidence of such endemic diseases as dysentery and tuberculosis reflected serious socio-economic problems or deficiencies in sanitary infrastructure, little was done in practice to tackle the fundamental problems of poor water quality, the continued use of night soil as fertilizer and pervasive malnutrition. Improvements in these areas followed the trajectory of recovery, growth and rising prosperity in the 1950s and 1960s. This book will be important reading for anyone studying Japanese History, the History of Medicine, Public Health in Asia and Asian Social Policy.