Spatial and temporal variations of vegetation cover on the central and eastern Tibetan Plateau since the Last glacial period

Long-term changes in vegetation cover of the Tibetan Plateau (TP) are essential for understanding vegetation change under future climate. Previous studies have mainly concentrated on the Holocene and the eastern region of the TP, but here, we establish a relationship between modern pollen data (incl...

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Published inGlobal and planetary change Vol. 240; p. 104536
Main Authors Liu, Lina, Wang, Nannan, Zhang, Yanrong, Liang, Jie, Ni, Jian, Cao, Xianyong
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Elsevier B.V 01.09.2024
Subjects
China
climate
climate change
Holocene epoch
lakes
Last Glacial Maximum
monsoon season
pollen
Pollen concentration
Random forest
steppes
Tibetan Plateau
Vegetation cover
China
Last Glacial Maximum
Pollen concentration
Tibetan Plateau
Random forest
Vegetation cover
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Abstract Long-term changes in vegetation cover of the Tibetan Plateau (TP) are essential for understanding vegetation change under future climate. Previous studies have mainly concentrated on the Holocene and the eastern region of the TP, but here, we establish a relationship between modern pollen data (including both pollen percentage and concentration) and vegetation cover using a random forest (RF) model based on 362 soil-surface samples from the TP, as well as using it to quantitatively reconstruct the vegetation cover history of the Dagze Co (central TP, covering the last 19.5 cal. ka BP) and Koucha Lake (eastern TP, covering the last 33.8 cal. ka BP) regions. The RF results indicate that both the models based on pollen percentages or concentrations perform similarly (former: R2 = 0.538, RMSEP = 19.772%; latter: R2 = 0.540, RMSEP = 19.723%). However, when considering the reconstructed vegetation cover of Dagze Co and Koucha Lake, the results based on pollen concentrations appear to be more reliable. Before 13.4 and 16.8 cal. ka BP, Dagze Co and Koucha Lake has low vegetation cover of 25% and 30%, respectively, dominated by alpine desert or desert steppe. After that, changes in vegetation cover show different trends. At Dagze Co, the vegetation cover reaches a high level (54%) between 13.4 and 5.3 cal. ka BP, followed by a decrease until it starts increasing again at 2 cal. ka BP, in response to the change in the Indian Summer Monsoon (ISM). At Koucha Lake, the vegetation cover fluctuates at around 60%, indicating less sensitivity to climate change. Our research highlights the importance of pollen concentrations in quantitatively reconstructing past vegetation cover and the sparse vegetation status during the LGM on the TP. •Vegetation cover history on the central and eastern Tibean Plateau was reconstructed based on pollen concentrations.•Alpine desert or desert steppe with sparse vegetation cover was widely distributed during the LGM on the Tibetan Plateau.•There are significant spatial and temporal differences in vegetation cover on the central and eastern Tibetan Plateau.
AbstractList Long-term changes in vegetation cover of the Tibetan Plateau (TP) are essential for understanding vegetation change under future climate. Previous studies have mainly concentrated on the Holocene and the eastern region of the TP, but here, we establish a relationship between modern pollen data (including both pollen percentage and concentration) and vegetation cover using a random forest (RF) model based on 362 soil-surface samples from the TP, as well as using it to quantitatively reconstruct the vegetation cover history of the Dagze Co (central TP, covering the last 19.5 cal. ka BP) and Koucha Lake (eastern TP, covering the last 33.8 cal. ka BP) regions. The RF results indicate that both the models based on pollen percentages or concentrations perform similarly (former: R² = 0.538, RMSEP = 19.772%; latter: R² = 0.540, RMSEP = 19.723%). However, when considering the reconstructed vegetation cover of Dagze Co and Koucha Lake, the results based on pollen concentrations appear to be more reliable. Before 13.4 and 16.8 cal. ka BP, Dagze Co and Koucha Lake has low vegetation cover of 25% and 30%, respectively, dominated by alpine desert or desert steppe. After that, changes in vegetation cover show different trends. At Dagze Co, the vegetation cover reaches a high level (54%) between 13.4 and 5.3 cal. ka BP, followed by a decrease until it starts increasing again at 2 cal. ka BP, in response to the change in the Indian Summer Monsoon (ISM). At Koucha Lake, the vegetation cover fluctuates at around 60%, indicating less sensitivity to climate change. Our research highlights the importance of pollen concentrations in quantitatively reconstructing past vegetation cover and the sparse vegetation status during the LGM on the TP.
Long-term changes in vegetation cover of the Tibetan Plateau (TP) are essential for understanding vegetation change under future climate. Previous studies have mainly concentrated on the Holocene and the eastern region of the TP, but here, we establish a relationship between modern pollen data (including both pollen percentage and concentration) and vegetation cover using a random forest (RF) model based on 362 soil-surface samples from the TP, as well as using it to quantitatively reconstruct the vegetation cover history of the Dagze Co (central TP, covering the last 19.5 cal. ka BP) and Koucha Lake (eastern TP, covering the last 33.8 cal. ka BP) regions. The RF results indicate that both the models based on pollen percentages or concentrations perform similarly (former: R2 = 0.538, RMSEP = 19.772%; latter: R2 = 0.540, RMSEP = 19.723%). However, when considering the reconstructed vegetation cover of Dagze Co and Koucha Lake, the results based on pollen concentrations appear to be more reliable. Before 13.4 and 16.8 cal. ka BP, Dagze Co and Koucha Lake has low vegetation cover of 25% and 30%, respectively, dominated by alpine desert or desert steppe. After that, changes in vegetation cover show different trends. At Dagze Co, the vegetation cover reaches a high level (54%) between 13.4 and 5.3 cal. ka BP, followed by a decrease until it starts increasing again at 2 cal. ka BP, in response to the change in the Indian Summer Monsoon (ISM). At Koucha Lake, the vegetation cover fluctuates at around 60%, indicating less sensitivity to climate change. Our research highlights the importance of pollen concentrations in quantitatively reconstructing past vegetation cover and the sparse vegetation status during the LGM on the TP. •Vegetation cover history on the central and eastern Tibean Plateau was reconstructed based on pollen concentrations.•Alpine desert or desert steppe with sparse vegetation cover was widely distributed during the LGM on the Tibetan Plateau.•There are significant spatial and temporal differences in vegetation cover on the central and eastern Tibetan Plateau.
ArticleNumber 104536
Author Liang, Jie
Cao, Xianyong
Wang, Nannan
Liu, Lina
Zhang, Yanrong
Ni, Jian
Author_xml – sequence: 1
  givenname: Lina
  surname: Liu
  fullname: Liu, Lina
  email: liulina@zjnu.edu.cn
  organization: College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
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  givenname: Nannan
  surname: Wang
  fullname: Wang, Nannan
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  givenname: Yanrong
  surname: Zhang
  fullname: Zhang, Yanrong
  organization: Group of Alpine Paleoecology and Human Adaptation (ALPHA), State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System, Environment and Resources (TPESER), Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
– sequence: 4
  givenname: Jie
  surname: Liang
  fullname: Liang, Jie
  organization: Group of Alpine Paleoecology and Human Adaptation (ALPHA), State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System, Environment and Resources (TPESER), Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
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  givenname: Jian
  surname: Ni
  fullname: Ni, Jian
  organization: College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
– sequence: 6
  givenname: Xianyong
  surname: Cao
  fullname: Cao, Xianyong
  email: xcao@itpcas.ac.cn
  organization: Group of Alpine Paleoecology and Human Adaptation (ALPHA), State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System, Environment and Resources (TPESER), Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
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Keywords Last Glacial Maximum
Pollen concentration
Tibetan Plateau
Random forest
Vegetation cover
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Snippet Long-term changes in vegetation cover of the Tibetan Plateau (TP) are essential for understanding vegetation change under future climate. Previous studies have...
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SubjectTerms China
climate
climate change
Holocene epoch
lakes
Last Glacial Maximum
monsoon season
pollen
Pollen concentration
Random forest
steppes
Tibetan Plateau
Vegetation cover
Title Spatial and temporal variations of vegetation cover on the central and eastern Tibetan Plateau since the Last glacial period
URI https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gloplacha.2024.104536
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Volume 240
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