Styles of volcano-induced deformation: numerical models of substratum flexure, spreading and extrusion

• Published in: Journal of volcanology and geothermal research Vol. 81; no. 1; pp. 1 - 18
• Main Authors: van Wyk de Vries, Benjamin, Matela, Ray
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Lausanne Elsevier B.V 01.04.1998; Amsterdam Elsevier; New York, NY
• Subjects: Crystalline rocks; deformation; Earth sciences; Earth, ocean, space; Exact sciences and technology; extrusion; flexure; gravitational; Igneous and metamorphic rocks petrology, volcanic processes, magmas; spreading; substratum; Tectonics. Structural geology. Plate tectonics; volcano; flexure; substratum; extrusion; spreading; deformation; volcano; gravitational; emplacement; breaking strength; volcanoes; normal faults; finite element analysis; volcanism; expansion; viscosity; ductility; numerical models; thrust fault; stress fields; radial faults; concentric fractures

The gravitational deformation of volcanoes is largely controlled by ductile layers of substrata. Using numerical finite-element modelling we investigate the role of ductile layer thickness and viscosity on such deformation. To characterise the deformation we introduce two dimensionless ratios; Π a (...