Enhanced Proton Conductivity of Sulfonated Polysulfone Membranes under Low Humidity via the Incorporation of Multifunctional Graphene Oxide

Development of proton exchange membranes with sufficiently high proton conductivity, especially at low relative humidity (RH), remains a big challenge in the field of fuel cells. In this study, graphene oxide-based nanoscale ionic materials (NIMs-GO) were prepared by sulfonation with 3-(trihydroxysi...

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Published inACS applied nano materials Vol. 2; no. 8; pp. 4734 - 4743
Main Authors Li, Jinzhao, Wu, Hong, Cao, Li, He, Xueyi, Shi, Benbing, Li, Yan, Xu, Mingzhao, Jiang, Zhongyi
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published American Chemical Society 23.08.2019
Subjects
acid−base pairs
low humidity
proton conductivity
amphiphilic block copolymer
multifunctional graphene oxide
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Abstract Development of proton exchange membranes with sufficiently high proton conductivity, especially at low relative humidity (RH), remains a big challenge in the field of fuel cells. In this study, graphene oxide-based nanoscale ionic materials (NIMs-GO) were prepared by sulfonation with 3-(trihydroxysilyl)-1-propane­sulfonic acid and subsequent neutralization with amino-terminated polyoxypropylene (PO)–polyoxyethylene (EO) block copolymer. The resultant NIMs-GO with acid–base pairs and hygroscopic EO units were incorporated into sulfonated polysulfone (SPSF) to fabricate nanocomposite membranes. A matrix-softening phenomenon was found due to the extensive interaction between the SPSF matrix and the amphiphilic NIMs-GO, which primarily contributes to the homogeneous dispersion of the NIMs-GO filler in the nanocomposite membranes. The acid–base pairs and the interconnected hydrogen-bonded networks formed between the EO units and water molecules imparted efficient proton transfer via the Grotthuss mechanism. The water uptake and retention ability of the SPSF/NIMs-GO nanocomposite membranes were enhanced due to the hydrophilic EO units on NIMs-GO. As a result, the nanocomposite membrane exhibited a 52% increase compared with the pristine SPSF membrane in proton conductivity at 75 °C, 100% RH and a 24-fold increase at 75 °C, 40% RH. This enhanced proton conductivity led to an elevated fuel cell performance under both hydrous and low RH conditions.
AbstractList Development of proton exchange membranes with sufficiently high proton conductivity, especially at low relative humidity (RH), remains a big challenge in the field of fuel cells. In this study, graphene oxide-based nanoscale ionic materials (NIMs-GO) were prepared by sulfonation with 3-(trihydroxysilyl)-1-propane­sulfonic acid and subsequent neutralization with amino-terminated polyoxypropylene (PO)–polyoxyethylene (EO) block copolymer. The resultant NIMs-GO with acid–base pairs and hygroscopic EO units were incorporated into sulfonated polysulfone (SPSF) to fabricate nanocomposite membranes. A matrix-softening phenomenon was found due to the extensive interaction between the SPSF matrix and the amphiphilic NIMs-GO, which primarily contributes to the homogeneous dispersion of the NIMs-GO filler in the nanocomposite membranes. The acid–base pairs and the interconnected hydrogen-bonded networks formed between the EO units and water molecules imparted efficient proton transfer via the Grotthuss mechanism. The water uptake and retention ability of the SPSF/NIMs-GO nanocomposite membranes were enhanced due to the hydrophilic EO units on NIMs-GO. As a result, the nanocomposite membrane exhibited a 52% increase compared with the pristine SPSF membrane in proton conductivity at 75 °C, 100% RH and a 24-fold increase at 75 °C, 40% RH. This enhanced proton conductivity led to an elevated fuel cell performance under both hydrous and low RH conditions.
Author Li, Jinzhao
Xu, Mingzhao
He, Xueyi
Li, Yan
Jiang, Zhongyi
Shi, Benbing
Cao, Li
Wu, Hong
AuthorAffiliation Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology
Tianjin Key Laboratory of Membrane Science and Desalination Technology
Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin)
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Keywords acid−base pairs
low humidity
proton conductivity
amphiphilic block copolymer
multifunctional graphene oxide
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Title Enhanced Proton Conductivity of Sulfonated Polysulfone Membranes under Low Humidity via the Incorporation of Multifunctional Graphene Oxide
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