Submerged landscapes of the European continental shelf Quaternary paleoenvironments
Quaternary Paleoenvironments examines the drowned landscapes exposed as extensive and attractive territory for prehistoric human settlement during the Ice Ages of the Pleistocene, when sea levels dropped to 120m-135m below their current levels. This volume provides an overview of the geological, geo...
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| Main Authors | , , , , |
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| Format | eBook Book |
| Language | English |
| Published |
Hoboken, N.J
Wiley-Blackwell
2017
Wiley Blackwell John Wiley & Sons, Incorporated |
| Edition | 1st ed. |
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISBN | 9781118922132 9781118927502 1118927508 1118922131 |
| DOI | 10.1002/9781118927823 |
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| Abstract | Quaternary Paleoenvironments examines the drowned landscapes exposed as extensive and attractive territory for prehistoric human settlement during the Ice Ages of the Pleistocene, when sea levels dropped to 120m-135m below their current levels. This volume provides an overview of the geological, geomorphological, climatic and sea-level history of the European continental shelf as a whole, as well as a series of detailed regional reviews for each of the major sea basins. The nature and variable attractions of the landscapes and resources available for human exploitation are examined, as are the conditions under which archaeological sites and landscape features are likely to have been preserved, destroyed or buried by sediment during sea-level rise. The authors also discuss the extent to which we can predict where to look for drowned landscapes with the greatest chance of success, with frequent reference to examples of preserved prehistoric sites in different submerged environments. Quaternary Paleoenvironments will be of interest to archaeologists, geologists, marine scientists, palaeoanthropologists, cultural heritage managers, geographers, and all those with an interest in the drowned landscapes of the continental shelf. |
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| AbstractList | Quaternary Paleoenvironments examines the drowned landscapes exposed as extensive and attractive territory for prehistoric human settlement during the Ice Ages of the Pleistocene, when sea levels dropped to 120m-135m below their current levels. This volume provides an overview of the geological, geomorphological, climatic and sea-level history of the European continental shelf as a whole, as well as a series of detailed regional reviews for each of the major sea basins. The nature and variable attractions of the landscapes and resources available for human exploitation are examined, as are the conditions under which archaeological sites and landscape features are likely to have been preserved, destroyed or buried by sediment during sea-level rise. The authors also discuss the extent to which we can predict where to look for drowned landscapes with the greatest chance of success, with frequent reference to examples of preserved prehistoric sites in different submerged environments. Quaternary Paleoenvironments will be of interest to archaeologists, geologists, marine scientists, palaeoanthropologists, cultural heritage managers, geographers, and all those with an interest in the drowned landscapes of the continental shelf. |
| Author | Flemming, Nicholas C Bailey, Geoffrey N Harff, Jan Moura, Delminda Burgess, Anthony |
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| Snippet | Quaternary Paleoenvironments examines the drowned landscapes exposed as extensive and attractive territory for prehistoric human settlement during the Ice Ages... |
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| SubjectTerms | Archaeology Archaeology -- Europe Continental shelf Continental shelf -- Europe Earth Sciences Geology Geophysics Geophysics see Physics Paleoclimatology Paleoclimatology -- Europe Paleoclimatology -- Quaternary SCIENCE Submerged lands Submerged lands -- Europe |
| SubjectTermsDisplay | Earth Sciences Geology Geophysics Geophysics see Physics SCIENCE |
| Subtitle | Quaternary paleoenvironments |
| TableOfContents | Intro -- Submerged Landscapes of the European Continental Shelf -- Contents -- Contributors -- Foreword -- Preface -- Reference -- Acknowledgement -- 1 Introduction: Prehistoric Remains on the Continental Shelf - Why do Sites and Landscapes Survive Inundation? -- The Big Question -- General Issues -- Recent History of Collaboration -- Outline of this Book -- Conventions and Standards -- Conclusion -- References -- 2 Sea Level and Climate -- Introduction -- Tectonic and Geological Setting of Europe with Special Reference to the Shelf and Marginal Seas -- Proto-Europe -- Paleo-Europe -- Meso-Europe -- Neo-Europe -- Quaternary Climate and Sea-level Change -- The Quaternary and European Sedimentary Environments -- Glacio-isostatic Adjustment and Relative Sea-level Modeling -- The Baltic Glacio-isostatic Adjustments -- North Sea and Atlantic Shelf from the Last Glacial Maximum to the Atlantic Period -- Tectonic Controls: The Mediterranean Sea -- A Hydrologic System: The Black Sea since MIS 2 -- Holocene Climate and Coastal Morphodynamics -- Climate -- Coastal morphodynamics -- Conclusion -- References -- 3 Non-Cultural Processes of Site Formation, Preservation and Destruction -- Introduction -- The Continental Shelf Profile, Landscape, and Factors Determining Site Survival on Different Timescales -- Effect of sea-level variation on the shelf profile -- Assessments of How and Why Sites Survive or are Destroyed in the Long, Intermediate, or Short Term -- Effects of coastal and shallow water processes on the timescale of 100 years to 20,000 years -- Processes in the short term: weeks to 100-1000 years -- Site Formation and Coastal Landscapes and Processes -- High latitude (> -- 50°N) rock weathering -- Glacial erosion and transport -- Eolian erosion and transport -- Mid latitude (50°N-30°N) rock weathering Potential Example Areas for Future Work -- Known Submerged Finds -- Areas of high potential -- Conclusion and Outlook -- References -- 9 Paleolandscapes of the Celtic Sea and the Channel/La Manche -- Introduction -- Earth Sciences and Sources of Data -- Modern coastline, best sources of high-resolution data -- Data sources -- Wetlands, deltas, marshes, lagoons, coastal lakes -- Coastal geomorpho-dynamics, erosion, accumulation -- Solid geology -- Bathymetry -- Vertical earth movements -- Pleistocene and Holocene sediment thickness on the continental shelf -- Post-LGM Climate, Sea Level, and Paleoshorelines -- General climatic conditions and changes after the LGM -- Evolution of sea level and coastline since the LGM -- Climate conditions on the shelf -- Evidence for Submerged Terrestrial Landforms and Ecology -- Submerged river valleys -- Descriptions or maps of known seabed-submerged terrestrial features -- Paleoclimate and faunal indicators -- Taphonomy and Potential for Archaeological Site Survival -- Oceanographic conditions, wind, waves, and currents -- Areas with the potential for discovery of archaeological material -- Zone A: Celtic Sea, shelf margin, and Western Approaches up to the Start-Cotentin Ridge -- Zone B: The Bristol Channel and Severn Estuary -- Zone C: The central English Channel from the Start-Cotentin Ridge to Beachy Head -- Zone D: The eastern Channel -- General conclusions about possibility of site preservation -- Potential Example Areas for Future Work -- References -- 10 Irish Sea and Atlantic Margin -- Introduction -- Earth Sciences -- Modern coastline and physical processes -- Solid geology -- Bathymetry, sources of bathymetric data and digital archives -- Pleistocene and Holocene sediment thickness on the continental shelf -- Data sources -- Post-LGM Climate and Sea-Level Change -- Climate change and ice-sheet evolution Taphonomy and Potential for Archaeological Site Survival Sea-level and paleogeographic change -- Shelf climate -- Shelf paleoenvironments (floral evidence) -- Shelf paleoenvironments (faunal evidence) -- Submerged Landscape Evidence -- Paleochannels -- Glacial features -- Paleoshoreline features -- Former terrestrial environments -- Taphonomy and Potential for Archaeological Site Survival -- Potential Areas for Future Work -- Regions with least and highest chance of site survival -- Prioritization of potential sites -- Conclusion and Outlook -- References -- 11 The Iberian Atlantic Margin -- Introduction -- Geomorphological Framework of the Iberian Atlantic Margin -- Northern margin -- Northwestern margin: northern Nazaré canyon -- Western margin: southern Nazaré canyon to Cape Sines -- Western margin between Cape Sines and Cape St. Vicente -- Southern margin between Cape St. Vicente and Cape Santa Maria -- Gulf of Cádiz -- Marine Climate -- Northwestern coast -- Western coast -- Southern coast between Cape St. Vicente and Cape Santa Maria -- Quaternary Evolution -- Past Landscapes and Their Preservation -- Data Sources -- Acknowledgements -- References -- 12 The Western Mediterranean Sea -- Introduction -- Earth Sciences and Sources of Data -- Modern coastline: best sources of high-resolution data -- Solid geology -- Bathymetry -- Vertical earth movements -- Pleistocene and Holocene sediment thickness on the continental shelf -- Post-LGM Climate, Sea Level and Paleoshorelines -- General climatic conditions -- Evolution of sea level and coastline since the LGM -- Broad classification of the climate conditions on the shelf -- Submerged Terrestrial Landforms and Ecology -- Submerged river valleys -- Seabed submerged terrestrial features -- Regional paleoclimate and vegetation indicators, peat, pollen, organics -- Climate variability and marine productivity Fluvial erosion, transport and coastline evolution -- Early diagenesis -- Substrate and coastal physiography -- Selected Case Examples -- Golfe du Morbihan, Brittany, France, 5000 BP to 4500 BP -- Pavlopetri, southern Greece, 5000 BP -- Southwest Baltic, Danish and German coasts -- Western UK and Severn Estuary, 8000 BP to 6000 BP -- Atlit-Yam, Israel, Pre-Pottery Neolithic, 8000 BP -- Bouldnor Cliff, Isle of Wight, UK, 8000 BP -- Rotterdam Port, the Netherlands, North Sea, 30,000 BP to 10,000 BP -- Cap Lévi, Anse de La Mondrée, France, 100 ka -- A240 concession, East Anglia, UK, North Sea, 300 ka to 250 ka -- Value of Understanding the Submerged Landscape: Sites in Context -- Environmental and Industrial Threats to Known Sites and Preserved Submerged Landscapes -- Conclusion -- References -- 4 Standard Core Variables for Continental Shelf Prehistoric Research and Their Availability -- Introduction: The Concept of Core Variables -- Suggested Core Variables for All European Sea Areas -- Characteristics and Sources for Core Variables -- Bathymetry -- Relevance of electronic charts: ECDIS -- Available multibeam surveys, areas covered -- Coastlines and coastal processes -- Coastal processes: coastal behavior and erosion -- Solid substrate geology and Quaternary geology -- Sediments -- European-scale data on Quaternary marine and coastal features -- Sub-bottom acoustic data -- Seabed core data -- Examples of Seabed Features Relating to Terrestrial Landscapes -- Automatic Feature Recognition -- Recommendations -- References -- 5 The Baltic Sea Basin -- Introduction -- General description -- Coastlines -- Bathymetry -- Data sources -- Earth Sciences -- Pre-Quaternary geology -- Pleistocene and Holocene sediment thickness -- Data sources -- Climate and ice-sheet history -- Data sources -- Development of the Baltic Sea: alternating lake and marine stages Postglacial rebound, relative shore-level changes and evolution of coastlines -- Paleogeographic reconstructions -- Evidence for Submerged Terrestrial Landforms -- Potential for Prehistoric Archaeological Site Survival -- Conclusion and Recommendations -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 6 The Northwest Shelf -- Introduction -- Taphonomic Processes -- Paleoenvironmental Change -- Evidence Base -- Conclusion -- Data Sources -- Bathymetry -- Substrate/geology/geomorphology -- Oceanographic processes -- Quaternary paleoenvironments -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 7 The North Sea -- Introduction -- Physical Geography and Modern Environment -- Quaternary Background and Paleogeographic Framework -- Early Pleistocene -- Middle Pleistocene -- Late Pleistocene up to the Last Glacial Maximum -- Late Glacial and Holocene -- Outlook on data, mapping and reconstruction quality -- Evidence of Submerged Landscapes on the Shelf -- Taphonomy -- Taphonomic variables -- Mapping archaeological potential -- Conclusion -- Data sources/Useful links -- Belgium -- Denmark -- Germany -- Norway -- The Netherlands -- UK -- General -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 8 Northern North Sea and Atlantic Northwest Approaches -- Introduction -- Earth Sciences and Sources of Data -- Geomorphological background -- Data sources: BGS seabed sediments and Quaternary sheets 1:250,000 -- Background Bedrock and Quaternary Geology -- Bedrock geology -- Quaternary geology -- Bathymetry -- Post-Last Glacial Maximum Climate, Sea Level and Paleoshorelines -- Late Glacial shoreline isobase map -- Holocene Relative Sea-Level Changes -- Models of Postglacial Isostatic Adjustment -- Relative Sea-Level Changes -- Rockall -- St. Kilda -- Outer Hebrides -- Northwest Scotland mainland -- Northeast Scotland and the Northern Isles -- Taphonomy and Potential for Archaeological Site Survival |
| Title | Submerged landscapes of the European continental shelf |
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