Regression of the Tethys Sea (central Asia) during middle to late Eocene: Evidence from calcareous nannofossils of western Tarim Basin, NW China
Calcareous nannofossil assemblages from middle to upper Eocene sediments of the western Tarim Basin indicate two important episodes of marine incursion into the basin. The first episode represents a period of shallowing upward in the Wulagen Formation, which is dated as Zone CNE13 (Lutetian) by the...
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| Published in | Marine micropaleontology Vol. 171; p. 102085 |
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| Main Authors | , , , , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
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Elsevier B.V
01.03.2022
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| Abstract | Calcareous nannofossil assemblages from middle to upper Eocene sediments of the western Tarim Basin indicate two important episodes of marine incursion into the basin. The first episode represents a period of shallowing upward in the Wulagen Formation, which is dated as Zone CNE13 (Lutetian) by the co-occurrence of Discoaster bifax, Chiasmolithus solitus, and common Reticulofenestra umbilicus. The presence of a diverse assemblage of discoasters in the basal Wulagen suggests deposition occurred in oligotrophic, warm water with a connection to the open ocean. Progressive shallowing over time led to the formation of a restricted basin in which only Coccolithus pelagicus could survive. The second major episode of marine incursion is preserved in the middle part of the Bashibulake Formation, which is dated as Zone CNE17 (Bartonian/Priabonian) based on the presence of common Cribrocentrum erbae. The interval between the two marine incursions was dominated by subaerial exposure and evaporation, resulting in the deposition of gypsum at the top of the Wulagen Formation. Although maximum regression at the end of the Lutetian is followed by sea-level rise at the beginning of the Bartonian globally, it is clear that local tectonics played a crucial role in regional marine incursions into the Tarim Basin during deposition of the Wulagen Formation.
•Age of Wulagen and Bashibulake formations confirmed.•Upwards shallow environment observed in the Bashibulake section.•Three stages of nannofossil assemblages identified.•Nannofossil paleoecology confirmed and contrasted. |
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| AbstractList | Calcareous nannofossil assemblages from middle to upper Eocene sediments of the western Tarim Basin indicate two important episodes of marine incursion into the basin. The first episode represents a period of shallowing upward in the Wulagen Formation, which is dated as Zone CNE13 (Lutetian) by the co-occurrence of Discoaster bifax, Chiasmolithus solitus, and common Reticulofenestra umbilicus. The presence of a diverse assemblage of discoasters in the basal Wulagen suggests deposition occurred in oligotrophic, warm water with a connection to the open ocean. Progressive shallowing over time led to the formation of a restricted basin in which only Coccolithus pelagicus could survive. The second major episode of marine incursion is preserved in the middle part of the Bashibulake Formation, which is dated as Zone CNE17 (Bartonian/Priabonian) based on the presence of common Cribrocentrum erbae. The interval between the two marine incursions was dominated by subaerial exposure and evaporation, resulting in the deposition of gypsum at the top of the Wulagen Formation. Although maximum regression at the end of the Lutetian is followed by sea-level rise at the beginning of the Bartonian globally, it is clear that local tectonics played a crucial role in regional marine incursions into the Tarim Basin during deposition of the Wulagen Formation.
•Age of Wulagen and Bashibulake formations confirmed.•Upwards shallow environment observed in the Bashibulake section.•Three stages of nannofossil assemblages identified.•Nannofossil paleoecology confirmed and contrasted. |
| ArticleNumber | 102085 |
| Author | Wang, Xuejiao Xi, Dangpeng Self-Trail, Jean M. Wan, Xiaoqiao Watkins, David K. Tang, Zihua Cao, Wenxin Jiang, Tian Kamran, Muhammad |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Xuejiao surname: Wang fullname: Wang, Xuejiao organization: State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Xueyuan Road 29, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China – sequence: 2 givenname: Dangpeng surname: Xi fullname: Xi, Dangpeng email: xdp1121@163.com organization: State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Xueyuan Road 29, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China – sequence: 3 givenname: David K. surname: Watkins fullname: Watkins, David K. organization: Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68588-0340, USA – sequence: 4 givenname: Jean M. surname: Self-Trail fullname: Self-Trail, Jean M. organization: Florence Bascom Geoscience Center, US Geological Survey, 926a National Center, Reston, VA 20192, USA – sequence: 5 givenname: Zihua surname: Tang fullname: Tang, Zihua organization: Key Laboratory of Cenozoic Geology and Environment, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China – sequence: 6 givenname: Wenxin surname: Cao fullname: Cao, Wenxin organization: Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100044, China – sequence: 7 givenname: Tian surname: Jiang fullname: Jiang, Tian organization: State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Xueyuan Road 29, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China – sequence: 8 givenname: Muhammad surname: Kamran fullname: Kamran, Muhammad organization: State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Xueyuan Road 29, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China – sequence: 9 givenname: Xiaoqiao surname: Wan fullname: Wan, Xiaoqiao organization: State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Xueyuan Road 29, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China |
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| Title | Regression of the Tethys Sea (central Asia) during middle to late Eocene: Evidence from calcareous nannofossils of western Tarim Basin, NW China |
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