Surface Functionalization of Gold Nanoparticles for Targeting the Tumor Microenvironment to Improve Antitumor Efficiency

Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have undergone significant research for their use in the treatment of cancer. Numerous researchers have established their potent antitumor properties, which have greatly impacted the treatment of cancer. AuNPs have been used in four primary anticancer treatment modalities,...

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Published inACS applied bio materials Vol. 6; no. 8; pp. 2944 - 2981
Main Authors Tan, Kin Fai, In, Lionel Lian Aun, Vijayaraj Kumar, Palanirajan
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published United States American Chemical Society 21.08.2023
Subjects
acidic tumor microenvironment
passive transport
gold nanoparticle
active transport
hypoxic tumor microenvironment
tumor microenvironment
tumor vessel normalization
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Abstract Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have undergone significant research for their use in the treatment of cancer. Numerous researchers have established their potent antitumor properties, which have greatly impacted the treatment of cancer. AuNPs have been used in four primary anticancer treatment modalities, namely radiation, photothermal therapy, photodynamic therapy, and chemotherapy. However, the ability of AuNPs to destroy cancer is lacking and can even harm healthy cells without the right direction to transport them to the tumor microenvironment. Consequently, a suitable targeting technique is needed. Based on the distinct features of the human tumor microenvironment, this review discusses four different targeting strategies that target the four key features of the tumor microenvironment, including abnormal vasculature, overexpression of specific receptors, an acidic microenvironment, and a hypoxic microenvironment, to direct surface-functionalized AuNPs to the tumor microenvironment and increase antitumor efficacies. In addition, some current completed or ongoing clinical trials of AuNPs will also be discussed below to further reinforce the concept of using AuNPs in anticancer therapy.
AbstractList Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have undergone significant research for their use in the treatment of cancer. Numerous researchers have established their potent antitumor properties, which have greatly impacted the treatment of cancer. AuNPs have been used in four primary anticancer treatment modalities, namely radiation, photothermal therapy, photodynamic therapy, and chemotherapy. However, the ability of AuNPs to destroy cancer is lacking and can even harm healthy cells without the right direction to transport them to the tumor microenvironment. Consequently, a suitable targeting technique is needed. Based on the distinct features of the human tumor microenvironment, this review discusses four different targeting strategies that target the four key features of the tumor microenvironment, including abnormal vasculature, overexpression of specific receptors, an acidic microenvironment, and a hypoxic microenvironment, to direct surface-functionalized AuNPs to the tumor microenvironment and increase antitumor efficacies. In addition, some current completed or ongoing clinical trials of AuNPs will also be discussed below to further reinforce the concept of using AuNPs in anticancer therapy.
Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have undergone significant research for their use in the treatment of cancer. Numerous researchers have established their potent antitumor properties, which have greatly impacted the treatment of cancer. AuNPs have been used in four primary anticancer treatment modalities, namely radiation, photothermal therapy, photodynamic therapy, and chemotherapy. However, the ability of AuNPs to destroy cancer is lacking and can even harm healthy cells without the right direction to transport them to the tumor microenvironment. Consequently, a suitable targeting technique is needed. Based on the distinct features of the human tumor microenvironment, this review discusses four different targeting strategies that target the four key features of the tumor microenvironment, including abnormal vasculature, overexpression of specific receptors, an acidic microenvironment, and a hypoxic microenvironment, to direct surface-functionalized AuNPs to the tumor microenvironment and increase antitumor efficacies. In addition, some current completed or ongoing clinical trials of AuNPs will also be discussed below to further reinforce the concept of using AuNPs in anticancer therapy.Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have undergone significant research for their use in the treatment of cancer. Numerous researchers have established their potent antitumor properties, which have greatly impacted the treatment of cancer. AuNPs have been used in four primary anticancer treatment modalities, namely radiation, photothermal therapy, photodynamic therapy, and chemotherapy. However, the ability of AuNPs to destroy cancer is lacking and can even harm healthy cells without the right direction to transport them to the tumor microenvironment. Consequently, a suitable targeting technique is needed. Based on the distinct features of the human tumor microenvironment, this review discusses four different targeting strategies that target the four key features of the tumor microenvironment, including abnormal vasculature, overexpression of specific receptors, an acidic microenvironment, and a hypoxic microenvironment, to direct surface-functionalized AuNPs to the tumor microenvironment and increase antitumor efficacies. In addition, some current completed or ongoing clinical trials of AuNPs will also be discussed below to further reinforce the concept of using AuNPs in anticancer therapy.
Author In, Lionel Lian Aun
Tan, Kin Fai
Vijayaraj Kumar, Palanirajan
AuthorAffiliation UCSI University
Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences
Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Applied Sciences
AuthorAffiliation_xml – name: Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Applied Sciences
– name: UCSI University
– name: Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences
Author_xml – sequence: 1
  givenname: Kin Fai
  orcidid: 0000-0002-5748-0792
  surname: Tan
  fullname: Tan, Kin Fai
  organization: Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences
– sequence: 2
  givenname: Lionel Lian Aun
  surname: In
  fullname: In, Lionel Lian Aun
  organization: UCSI University
– sequence: 3
  givenname: Palanirajan
  orcidid: 0000-0003-1129-7084
  surname: Vijayaraj Kumar
  fullname: Vijayaraj Kumar, Palanirajan
  email: palanirajan@ucsiuniversity.edu.my
  organization: Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences
BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37435615$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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Keywords acidic tumor microenvironment
passive transport
gold nanoparticle
active transport
hypoxic tumor microenvironment
tumor microenvironment
tumor vessel normalization
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PublicationDate 2023-08-21
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  year: 2023
  text: 2023-08-21
  day: 21
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PublicationTitle ACS applied bio materials
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Snippet Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have undergone significant research for their use in the treatment of cancer. Numerous researchers have established their potent...
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Title Surface Functionalization of Gold Nanoparticles for Targeting the Tumor Microenvironment to Improve Antitumor Efficiency
URI http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsabm.3c00202
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37435615
https://www.proquest.com/docview/2836297886
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