Monsoonal climate of East Asia in Eocene times inferred from an analysis of plant functional types
The spatio-temporal vegetation patterns of East Asia in the Eocene remain uncertain. In this present paper, we conduct numerical analyses of plant functional types (PFTs) for 80 Eocene floras, subdivided into three-time intervals: the early, middle, and late Eocene. Based on PFT diversity spectra, f...
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| Published in | Palaeogeography, palaeoclimatology, palaeoecology Vol. 601; p. 111138 |
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| Main Authors | , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
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Elsevier B.V
01.09.2022
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| Abstract | The spatio-temporal vegetation patterns of East Asia in the Eocene remain uncertain. In this present paper, we conduct numerical analyses of plant functional types (PFTs) for 80 Eocene floras, subdivided into three-time intervals: the early, middle, and late Eocene. Based on PFT diversity spectra, five groups are identified from cluster analysis and interpreted in terms of vegetation type. These PFT-based vegetation reconstructions suggest a northwestward retreat of dry shrub or open woodland from early to late Eocene times, coupled with the expansion of humid broadleaved forest from the southeast. This hydrological distribution is consistent with mammal distribution, lithological indicators and geochemical proxies. An overall vegetation pattern of largely east-west differentiation is detected and we note that no unequivocal tropical vegetation is observed in low-latitudes during the Eocene. Our results indicate that a monsoonal climate shaped the Eocene spatio-temporal evolution of vegetation in East Asia along with the global cooling, and rain-shadow effects by the central and southwestern China highland, as well as basin extensions in the Pacific coast in the east.
•Eocene vegetational dynamics of East Asia are quantitatively reconstructed.•A west-east differentiation is suggested in Eocene East Asian vegetation pattern.•Climate and paleo-landform factors contribute the vegetational dynamics. |
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| AbstractList | The spatio-temporal vegetation patterns of East Asia in the Eocene remain uncertain. In this present paper, we conduct numerical analyses of plant functional types (PFTs) for 80 Eocene floras, subdivided into three-time intervals: the early, middle, and late Eocene. Based on PFT diversity spectra, five groups are identified from cluster analysis and interpreted in terms of vegetation type. These PFT-based vegetation reconstructions suggest a northwestward retreat of dry shrub or open woodland from early to late Eocene times, coupled with the expansion of humid broadleaved forest from the southeast. This hydrological distribution is consistent with mammal distribution, lithological indicators and geochemical proxies. An overall vegetation pattern of largely east-west differentiation is detected and we note that no unequivocal tropical vegetation is observed in low-latitudes during the Eocene. Our results indicate that a monsoonal climate shaped the Eocene spatio-temporal evolution of vegetation in East Asia along with the global cooling, and rain-shadow effects by the central and southwestern China highland, as well as basin extensions in the Pacific coast in the east.
•Eocene vegetational dynamics of East Asia are quantitatively reconstructed.•A west-east differentiation is suggested in Eocene East Asian vegetation pattern.•Climate and paleo-landform factors contribute the vegetational dynamics. |
| ArticleNumber | 111138 |
| Author | Jia, Hui Li, Qijia Liu, Yusheng (Christopher) Ferguson, David Quan, Cheng Utescher, Torsten |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Qijia surname: Li fullname: Li, Qijia organization: School of Earth Science and Resources, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054, China – sequence: 2 givenname: Torsten surname: Utescher fullname: Utescher, Torsten organization: Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum, 53115 Frankfurt am Main, Germany – sequence: 3 givenname: Yusheng (Christopher) surname: Liu fullname: Liu, Yusheng (Christopher) organization: Department of Earth & Environmental Sciences, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO 64110, USA – sequence: 4 givenname: David surname: Ferguson fullname: Ferguson, David organization: Department of Paleontology, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria – sequence: 5 givenname: Hui surname: Jia fullname: Jia, Hui organization: School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Xi'an Shiyou University, Xi'an 710065, China – sequence: 6 givenname: Cheng surname: Quan fullname: Quan, Cheng email: quan@chd.edu.cn organization: School of Earth Science and Resources, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054, China |
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| SubjectTerms | Eocene Palaeoclimate Palaeogeography Plant functional type Vegetation reconstruction |
| Title | Monsoonal climate of East Asia in Eocene times inferred from an analysis of plant functional types |
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