An Ultrastable Low-Temperature Na Metal Battery Enabled by Synergy between Weakly Solvating Solvents
The low ionic conductivity and high desolvation barrier are the main challenges for organic electrolytes in rechargeable metal batteries, especially at low temperatures. The general strategy is to couple strong-solvation and weak-solvation solvents to give balanced physicochemical properties. Howeve...
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| Published in | Journal of the American Chemical Society Vol. 146; no. 6; pp. 3854 - 3860 |
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| Main Authors | , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
United States
American Chemical Society
14.02.2024
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| Online Access | Get full text |
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| Abstract | The low ionic conductivity and high desolvation barrier are the main challenges for organic electrolytes in rechargeable metal batteries, especially at low temperatures. The general strategy is to couple strong-solvation and weak-solvation solvents to give balanced physicochemical properties. However, the two challenges described above cannot be overcome at the same time. Herein, we combine two different kinds of weakly solvating solvents with a very low desolvation energy. Interestingly, the synergy between the weak-solvation solvents can break the locally ordered structure at a low temperature to enable higher ionic conductivity compared to those with individual solvents. Thus, facile desolvation and high ionic conductivity are achieved simultaneously, significantly improving the reversibility of electrode reactions at low temperatures. The Na metal anode can be stably cycled at 2 mA cm–2 at −40 °C for 1000 h. The Na||Na3V2(PO4)3 cell shows the reversible capacity of 64 mAh g–1 at 0.3 C after 300 cycles at −40 °C, and the capacity retention is 86%. This strategy is applicable to other sets of weak-solvation solvents, providing guidance for the development of electrolytes for low-temperature rechargeable metal batteries. |
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| AbstractList | The low ionic conductivity and high desolvation barrier are the main challenges for organic electrolytes in rechargeable metal batteries, especially at low temperatures. The general strategy is to couple strong-solvation and weak-solvation solvents to give balanced physicochemical properties. However, the two challenges described above cannot be overcome at the same time. Herein, we combine two different kinds of weakly solvating solvents with a very low desolvation energy. Interestingly, the synergy between the weak-solvation solvents can break the locally ordered structure at a low temperature to enable higher ionic conductivity compared to those with individual solvents. Thus, facile desolvation and high ionic conductivity are achieved simultaneously, significantly improving the reversibility of electrode reactions at low temperatures. The Na metal anode can be stably cycled at 2 mA cm-2 at -40 °C for 1000 h. The Na||Na3V2(PO4)3 cell shows the reversible capacity of 64 mAh g-1 at 0.3 C after 300 cycles at -40 °C, and the capacity retention is 86%. This strategy is applicable to other sets of weak-solvation solvents, providing guidance for the development of electrolytes for low-temperature rechargeable metal batteries.The low ionic conductivity and high desolvation barrier are the main challenges for organic electrolytes in rechargeable metal batteries, especially at low temperatures. The general strategy is to couple strong-solvation and weak-solvation solvents to give balanced physicochemical properties. However, the two challenges described above cannot be overcome at the same time. Herein, we combine two different kinds of weakly solvating solvents with a very low desolvation energy. Interestingly, the synergy between the weak-solvation solvents can break the locally ordered structure at a low temperature to enable higher ionic conductivity compared to those with individual solvents. Thus, facile desolvation and high ionic conductivity are achieved simultaneously, significantly improving the reversibility of electrode reactions at low temperatures. The Na metal anode can be stably cycled at 2 mA cm-2 at -40 °C for 1000 h. The Na||Na3V2(PO4)3 cell shows the reversible capacity of 64 mAh g-1 at 0.3 C after 300 cycles at -40 °C, and the capacity retention is 86%. This strategy is applicable to other sets of weak-solvation solvents, providing guidance for the development of electrolytes for low-temperature rechargeable metal batteries. The low ionic conductivity and high desolvation barrier are the main challenges for organic electrolytes in rechargeable metal batteries, especially at low temperatures. The general strategy is to couple strong-solvation and weak-solvation solvents to give balanced physicochemical properties. However, the two challenges described above cannot be overcome at the same time. Herein, we combine two different kinds of weakly solvating solvents with a very low desolvation energy. Interestingly, the synergy between the weak-solvation solvents can break the locally ordered structure at a low temperature to enable higher ionic conductivity compared to those with individual solvents. Thus, facile desolvation and high ionic conductivity are achieved simultaneously, significantly improving the reversibility of electrode reactions at low temperatures. The Na metal anode can be stably cycled at 2 mA cm at -40 °C for 1000 h. The Na||Na V (PO ) cell shows the reversible capacity of 64 mAh g at 0.3 C after 300 cycles at -40 °C, and the capacity retention is 86%. This strategy is applicable to other sets of weak-solvation solvents, providing guidance for the development of electrolytes for low-temperature rechargeable metal batteries. The low ionic conductivity and high desolvation barrier are the main challenges for organic electrolytes in rechargeable metal batteries, especially at low temperatures. The general strategy is to couple strong-solvation and weak-solvation solvents to give balanced physicochemical properties. However, the two challenges described above cannot be overcome at the same time. Herein, we combine two different kinds of weakly solvating solvents with a very low desolvation energy. Interestingly, the synergy between the weak-solvation solvents can break the locally ordered structure at a low temperature to enable higher ionic conductivity compared to those with individual solvents. Thus, facile desolvation and high ionic conductivity are achieved simultaneously, significantly improving the reversibility of electrode reactions at low temperatures. The Na metal anode can be stably cycled at 2 mA cm–2 at −40 °C for 1000 h. The Na||Na3V2(PO4)3 cell shows the reversible capacity of 64 mAh g–1 at 0.3 C after 300 cycles at −40 °C, and the capacity retention is 86%. This strategy is applicable to other sets of weak-solvation solvents, providing guidance for the development of electrolytes for low-temperature rechargeable metal batteries. |
| Author | Zhang, Xia-Guang Fu, Yongzhu Tang, Shuai Wang, Shuzhan Gu, Yu |
| AuthorAffiliation | College of Chemistry State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Tan Kah Kee Innovation Laboratory Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering |
| AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering – name: State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Tan Kah Kee Innovation Laboratory – name: College of Chemistry |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Shuzhan orcidid: 0009-0003-7936-6303 surname: Wang fullname: Wang, Shuzhan organization: College of Chemistry – sequence: 2 givenname: Xia-Guang orcidid: 0000-0002-9223-0852 surname: Zhang fullname: Zhang, Xia-Guang organization: Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering – sequence: 3 givenname: Yu orcidid: 0000-0002-8099-4716 surname: Gu fullname: Gu, Yu organization: State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Tan Kah Kee Innovation Laboratory – sequence: 4 givenname: Shuai orcidid: 0000-0003-0179-9101 surname: Tang fullname: Tang, Shuai email: stang@zzu.edu.cn organization: College of Chemistry – sequence: 5 givenname: Yongzhu orcidid: 0000-0003-3746-9884 surname: Fu fullname: Fu, Yongzhu email: yfu@zzu.edu.cn organization: College of Chemistry |
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| Title | An Ultrastable Low-Temperature Na Metal Battery Enabled by Synergy between Weakly Solvating Solvents |
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