Use of Carbon Nanofibers in the Removal of Organic Solvents from Water
Catalytically grown carbon nanofibers are a set of novel structures that are produced by the decomposition of selected carbon-containing gases over metal particles. These conformations consist of nanosized graphite platelets separated a distance of at least 0.34 nm and stacked in various orientation...
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| Published in | Langmuir Vol. 16; no. 21; pp. 8050 - 8056 |
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| Main Authors | , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
United States
American Chemical Society
17.10.2000
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| Subjects | |
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| Abstract | Catalytically grown carbon nanofibers are a set of novel structures that are produced by the decomposition of selected carbon-containing gases over metal particles. These conformations consist of nanosized graphite platelets separated a distance of at least 0.34 nm and stacked in various orientations with respect to the fiber axis. Such an arrangement results in a unique structure that is composed of an infinite number of extremely short and narrow pores, suitable for the sequestering of small molecules. We have attempted to capitalize on this blend of properties by using such structures for the selective removal of organic contaminants from aqueous streams. Experimental results indicate that nanofibers possessing a structure in which the graphite platelets are aligned perpendicular to the fiber axis and possessing a high degree of structural perfection exhibit superior selective adsorption properties with respect to removal of alcohols from aqueous media over those displayed by active carbon. Adsorption was enhanced when the carbon nanofibers were initially subjected to a treatment in 1 M hydrochloric acid. In contrast, when this step was carried out in the presence of 1 M nitric acid, the beneficial properties of the nanofibers were effectively suppressed. An analogous series of experiments carried out with nanofibers possessing a structure in which the graphene layers were oriented at an angle with respect to the fiber axis did not result in the same degree of selective capture of the alcohols. A rationale is presented to account for this diverse pattern of behavior. |
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| AbstractList | Catalytically grown carbon nanofibers are a set of novel structures that are produced by the decomposition of selected carbon-containing gases over metal particles. These conformations consist of nanosized graphite platelets separated a distance of at least 0.34 nm and stacked in various orientations with respect to the fiber axis. Such an arrangement results in a unique structure that is composed of an infinite number of extremely short and narrow pores, suitable for the sequestering of small molecules. We have attempted to capitalize on this blend of properties by using such structures for the selective removal of organic contaminants from aqueous streams. Experimental results indicate that nanofibers possessing a structure in which the graphite platelets are aligned perpendicular to the fiber axis and possessing a high degree of structural perfection exhibit superior selective adsorption properties with respect to removal of alcohols from aqueous media over those displayed by active carbon. Adsorption was enhanced when the carbon nanofibers were initially subjected to a treatment in 1 M hydrochloric acid. In contrast, when this step was carried out in the presence of 1 M nitric acid, the beneficial properties of the nanofibers were effectively suppressed. An analogous series of experiments carried out with nanofibers possessing a structure in which the graphene layers were oriented at an angle with respect to the fiber axis did not result in the same degree of selective capture of the alcohols. A rationale is presented to account for this diverse pattern of behavior. |
| Author | Rodriguez, N. M Gilbert, T. R Park, C Crowe, A Engel, E. S |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: C surname: Park fullname: Park, C – sequence: 2 givenname: E. S surname: Engel fullname: Engel, E. S – sequence: 3 givenname: A surname: Crowe fullname: Crowe, A – sequence: 4 givenname: T. R surname: Gilbert fullname: Gilbert, T. R – sequence: 5 givenname: N. M surname: Rodriguez fullname: Rodriguez, N. M |
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| Cites_doi | 10.1016/S0167-2991(06)81824-0 10.1016/0008-6223(92)90177-X 10.1016/0008-6223(89)90139-5 10.1016/0008-6223(81)90068-3 10.2166/wst.1991.0620 10.1016/0008-6223(91)90035-H 10.1016/0008-6223(71)90028-5 10.1006/jcat.1993.1316 10.1006/jcat.1993.1065 10.1016/0008-6223(83)90141-0 10.1016/0008-6223(68)90300-X 10.1016/0378-3820(93)90096-M 10.1557/JMR.1993.3233 10.1002/aic.690380704 10.1002/ep.670130114 10.1080/09593331708616494 10.1016/0021-9517(92)90226-8 10.1021/la00010a042 10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.91-93.95 10.1016/0008-6223(70)90117-X 10.1016/0021-9517(64)90089-2 10.1016/0008-6223(72)90055-3 10.2166/wst.1997.0284 10.1246/bcsj.58.2638 10.1016/0008-6223(92)90122-D 10.1016/0166-6622(86)80342-0 10.1016/0008-6223(87)90157-6 10.1038/345791a0 10.1016/0021-9517(91)90323-V 10.1007/978-94-009-4382-7_22 |
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| Title | Use of Carbon Nanofibers in the Removal of Organic Solvents from Water |
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