Advances in the Synthesis of Homochiral (−)-1-Azafagomine and (+)-5-epi-1-Azafagomine. 1-N-Phenyl Carboxamide Derivatives of both Enantiomers of 1-Azafagomine: Leads for the Synthesis of Active α-Glycosidase Inhibitors
A new expeditious preparation of homochiral (−)-1-azafagomine and (+)-5-epi-1-azafagomine has been devised. Stoodley's diastereoselective cycloaddition of dienes bearing a 2,3,4,6-tetraacetyl glucosyl chiral auxiliary to 4-phenyl-1,2,4-triazole-3,5-dione was merged with Bols's protocol for...
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Published in | Journal of organic chemistry Vol. 76; no. 23; pp. 9584 - 9592 |
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Main Authors | , , , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
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American Chemical Society
02.12.2011
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Abstract | A new expeditious preparation of homochiral (−)-1-azafagomine and (+)-5-epi-1-azafagomine has been devised. Stoodley's diastereoselective cycloaddition of dienes bearing a 2,3,4,6-tetraacetyl glucosyl chiral auxiliary to 4-phenyl-1,2,4-triazole-3,5-dione was merged with Bols's protocol for functionalizing alkenes into molecules bearing a glucosyl framework. Homochiral (+)-5-epi-1-azafagomine was synthetized for the first time. Partial reductive cleavage of the phenyltriazolidinone moiety afforded new homochiral 1-N-phenyl carboxamide derivatives of 1-azafagomine. Both enantiomers of these derivatives were synthetized and tested, displaying a very good enzymatic inhibition toward baker's yeast α-glucosidase. The molecular recognition mechanism of the 1-N-phenyl carboxamide derivative of 1-azafagomine by α-glucosidase from baker's yeast was studied by molecular modeling. The efficient packing of the aromatic ring of the 1-N-phenyl carboxamide moiety into a hydrophobic subsite (pocket) in the enzyme's active site seems to be responsible for the improved binding affinity in relation to underivatized (−)-1-azafagomine and (+)-1-azafagomine. |
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AbstractList | A new expeditious preparation of homochiral (-)-1-azafagomine and (+)-5-epi-1-azafagomine has been devised. Stoodley's diastereoselective cycloaddition of dienes bearing a 2,3,4,6-tetraacetyl glucosyl chiral auxiliary to 4-phenyl-1,2,4-triazole-3,5-dione was merged with Bols's protocol for functionalizing alkenes into molecules bearing a glucosyl framework. Homochiral (+)-5-epi-1-azafagomine was synthetized for the first time. Partial reductive cleavage of the phenyltriazolidinone moiety afforded new homochiral 1-N-phenyl carboxamide derivatives of 1-azafagomine. Both enantiomers of these derivatives were synthetized and tested, displaying a very good enzymatic inhibition toward baker's yeast α-glucosidase. The molecular recognition mechanism of the 1-N-phenyl carboxamide derivative of 1-azafagomine by α-glucosidase from baker's yeast was studied by molecular modeling. The efficient packing of the aromatic ring of the 1-N-phenyl carboxamide moiety into a hydrophobic subsite (pocket) in the enzyme's active site seems to be responsible for the improved binding affinity in relation to underivatized (-)-1-azafagomine and (+)-1-azafagomine. A new expeditious preparation of homochiral (−)-1-azafagomine and (+)-5-epi-1-azafagomine has been devised. Stoodley's diastereoselective cycloaddition of dienes bearing a 2,3,4,6-tetraacetyl glucosyl chiral auxiliary to 4-phenyl-1,2,4-triazole-3,5-dione was merged with Bols's protocol for functionalizing alkenes into molecules bearing a glucosyl framework. Homochiral (+)-5-epi-1-azafagomine was synthetized for the first time. Partial reductive cleavage of the phenyltriazolidinone moiety afforded new homochiral 1-N-phenyl carboxamide derivatives of 1-azafagomine. Both enantiomers of these derivatives were synthetized and tested, displaying a very good enzymatic inhibition toward baker's yeast α-glucosidase. The molecular recognition mechanism of the 1-N-phenyl carboxamide derivative of 1-azafagomine by α-glucosidase from baker's yeast was studied by molecular modeling. The efficient packing of the aromatic ring of the 1-N-phenyl carboxamide moiety into a hydrophobic subsite (pocket) in the enzyme's active site seems to be responsible for the improved binding affinity in relation to underivatized (−)-1-azafagomine and (+)-1-azafagomine. |
Author | Micaelo, Nuno M Costa, Flora T Fortes, Antonio Gil Martins, José A Duarte, Vera C. M Alves, M. José |
AuthorAffiliation | Universidade Fernando Pessoa Universidade do Minho |
AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: Universidade do Minho – name: Universidade Fernando Pessoa |
Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: M. José surname: Alves fullname: Alves, M. José email: mja@quimica.uminho.pt – sequence: 2 givenname: Flora T surname: Costa fullname: Costa, Flora T – sequence: 3 givenname: Vera C. M surname: Duarte fullname: Duarte, Vera C. M – sequence: 4 givenname: Antonio Gil surname: Fortes fullname: Fortes, Antonio Gil – sequence: 5 givenname: José A surname: Martins fullname: Martins, José A – sequence: 6 givenname: Nuno M surname: Micaelo fullname: Micaelo, Nuno M |
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Cites_doi | 10.1016/S0040-4039(00)98636-2 10.1111/j.1742-4658.2010.07810.x 10.1016/S0040-4039(00)77389-8 10.1021/ar970058r 10.1002/(SICI)1521-3765(20000117)6:2<278::AID-CHEM278>3.0.CO;2-6 10.1039/P19890001841 10.1006/jmbi.1993.1626 10.1002/cbic.200700012 10.1042/bj2800309 10.1002/jcc.20634 10.1039/c39930001179 10.1039/a905302f 10.1021/jo9907989 10.1002/ejoc.200600816 10.1021/jo00382a006 10.1021/ja01606a002 10.1016/j.tetlet.2004.12.003 10.1016/S1389-1723(99)80114-5 10.1107/S0021889892009944 10.2165/00003495-200059030-00012 10.1002/chem.19970030616 |
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Keywords | Nitrogen heterocycle Active site Chiral compound 1,2,4-Triazole derivative Saccharomyces Fungi Chemical reduction Chiral auxiliary Alkene Binding capacity Enantiomer Force field method Reaction mechanism Cleavage Aromatic compound Baker yeast Chemical synthesis Ascomycota Stacking sequence Enzyme Enzyme inhibitor Hydrophobic compound Diketone Dienic compound Diastereoselectivity Glycosylases Cycloaddition α-Glucosidase Glycosidases Molecular recognition Hydrolases Carboxamide Ethylenic compound |
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Snippet | A new expeditious preparation of homochiral (−)-1-azafagomine and (+)-5-epi-1-azafagomine has been devised. Stoodley's diastereoselective cycloaddition of... A new expeditious preparation of homochiral (-)-1-azafagomine and (+)-5-epi-1-azafagomine has been devised. Stoodley's diastereoselective cycloaddition of... |
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SubjectTerms | Amides - chemistry Binding Sites - drug effects Carbohydrates with 4, 5, 6, ... C atoms, dissacharides and oligosaccharides Carbohydrates. Nucleosides and nucleotides Chemistry Crystallography, X-Ray Cyclization Enzyme Inhibitors - chemical synthesis Enzyme Inhibitors - chemistry Enzyme Inhibitors - pharmacology Exact sciences and technology Glycoside Hydrolases - antagonists & inhibitors Heterocyclic compounds Heterocyclic compounds with several n hetero atoms in the same ring, in separated rings or in fused rings Indolizines - chemical synthesis Indolizines - chemistry Indolizines - pharmacology Kinetics and mechanisms Models, Molecular Molecular Conformation Organic chemistry Preparations and properties Reactivity and mechanisms Stereoisomerism Structure-Activity Relationship |
Title | Advances in the Synthesis of Homochiral (−)-1-Azafagomine and (+)-5-epi-1-Azafagomine. 1-N-Phenyl Carboxamide Derivatives of both Enantiomers of 1-Azafagomine: Leads for the Synthesis of Active α-Glycosidase Inhibitors |
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