Polymer and Biopolymer Brushes For Materials Science and Biotechnology

• Main Authors: Azzaroni, Omar, Szleifer, Igal
• Format: eBook
• Language: English
• Published: Newark John Wiley & Sons, Incorporated 2018; Wiley-Blackwell
• Edition: 1
• Subjects: Coatings; Polymers; Polymers-Surfaces

Serves as a guide for seasoned researchers and students alike, who wish to learn about the cross-fertilization between biology and materials that is driving this emerging area of science This book covers the most relevant topics in basic research and those having potential technological applications...

Table of Contents:

• Intro -- Polymer and Biopolymer Brushes -- Contents -- Preface -- List of Contributors -- 1 Functionalization of Surfaces Using Polymer Brushes: An Overview of Techniques, Strategies, and Approaches -- 1.1 Introduction: Fundamental Notions and Concepts -- 1.2 Preparation of Polymer Brushes on Solid Substrates -- 1.3 Preparation of Polymer Brushes by the "Grafting-To" Method -- 1.4 Polymer Brushes by the "Grafting-From" Method -- 1.4.1 Surface-Initiated Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization -- 1.4.2 Surface-Initiated Reversible-Addition Fragmentation Chain Transfer Polymerization -- 1.4.3 Surface-Initiated Nitroxide-Mediated Polymerization -- 1.4.4 Surface-Initiated Photoiniferter-Mediated Polymerization -- 1.4.5 Surface-Initiated Living Ring-Opening Polymerization -- 1.4.6 Surface-Initiated Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization -- 1.4.7 Surface-Initiated Anionic Polymerization -- 1.5 Conclusions -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 2 Polymer Brushes by Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization -- 2.1 Structure of Brushes -- 2.2 Synthesis of Polymer Brushes -- 2.2.1 Grafting through -- 2.2.2 Grafting to -- 2.2.3 Grafting from -- 2.3 ATRP Fundamentals -- 2.4 Molecular Bottlebrushes by ATRP -- 2.4.1 Introduction -- 2.4.2 Star-Like Brushes -- 2.4.3 Blockwise Brushes -- 2.4.4 Brushes with Tunable Grafting Density -- 2.4.5 Brushes with Block Copolymer Side Chains -- 2.4.6 Functionalities and Properties of Brushes -- 2.5 ATRP and Flat Surfaces -- 2.5.1 Chemistry at Surface -- 2.5.2 Grafting Density -- 2.5.3 Architecture -- 2.5.4 Applications -- 2.6 ATRP and Nanoparticles -- 2.6.1 Chemistry -- 2.6.2 Architecture -- 2.6.3 Applications -- 2.7 ATRP and Concave Surfaces -- 2.8 ATRP and Templates -- 2.8.1 Templates from Networks -- 2.8.2 Templates from Brushes -- 2.9 Templates from Stars -- 2.10 Bio-Related Polymer Brushes -- 2.11 Stimuli-Responsive Polymer Brushes
• 2.11.1 Stimuli-Responsive Solutions -- 2.11.2 Stimuli-Responsive Surfaces -- 2.12 Conclusion -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 3 Polymer Brushes by Surface-Mediated RAFT Polymerization for Biological Functions -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Polymer Brushes via the Surface-Initiated RAFT Polymerization Process -- 3.3 Polymer Brushes via the Interface-Mediated RAFT Polymerization Process -- 3.3.1 pH-Responsive Brushes -- 3.3.2 Temperature-Responsive Brushes -- 3.3.3 Polymer Brushes on Gold Surface -- 3.3.4 Polymer Brushes on Nanoparticles -- 3.3.5 Micropatterned Polymer Brushes -- 3.4 Summary -- References -- 4 Electro-Induced Copper-Catalyzed Surface Modification with Monolayer and Polymer Brush -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 "Electro-Click" Chemistry -- 4.3 Electrochemically Induced Surface-Initiated Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization -- 4.4 Possible Combination of eATRP and "e-Click" Chemistry on Surface -- 4.5 Surface Functionality -- 4.6 Summary -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 5 Polymer Brushes on Flat and Curved Substrates: What Can be Learned from Molecular Dynamics Simulations -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Molecular Dynamics Methods: A Short "Primer" -- 5.3 The Standard Bead Spring Model for Polymer Chains -- 5.4 Cylindrical and Spherical Polymer Brushes -- 5.5 Interaction of Brushes with Free Chains -- 5.6 Summary -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 6 Modeling of Chemical Equilibria in Polymer and Polyelectrolyte Brushes -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Theoretical Approach -- 6.3 Applications of the Molecular Theory -- 6.3.1 Acid-Base Equilibrium in Polyelectrolyte Brushes -- 6.3.2 Competition between Chemical Equilibria and Physical Interactions -- 6.3.3 End-Tethered Single Stranded DNA in Aqueous Solutions -- 6.3.4 Ligand-Receptor Binding and Protein Adsorption to Polymer Brushes
• 6.3.5 Adsorption Equilibrium of Polymer Chains through Terminal Segments: Grafting-to Formation of Polymer Brushes -- 6.4 Summary and Conclusion -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 7 Brushes of Linear and Dendritically Branched Polyelectrolytes -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 Analytical SCF Theory of Brushes Formed by Linear and Branched Polyions -- 7.2.1 Dendron Architecture and System Parameters -- 7.2.2 Analytical SCF Formalism -- 7.3 Planar Brush of PE Dendrons with an Arbitrary Architecture -- 7.3.1 Asymptotic Dependences for Brush Thickness H -- 7.4 Planar Brush of Star-Like Polyelectrolytes -- 7.5 Threshold of Dendron Gaussian Elasticity -- 7.6 Scaling-Type Diagrams of States for Brushes of Linear and Branched Polyions -- 7.7 Numerical SF-SCF Model of Dendron Brush -- 7.8 Conclusions -- References -- 8 Vapor Swelling of Hydrophilic Polymer Brushes -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 Experimental -- 8.2.1 General Methods -- 8.2.2 Synthesis of Poly((2-dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate) Brushes with a Gradient in Grafting Density -- 8.2.3 Synthesis of Poly(2-(diethylamino)ethyl methacrylate) Brushes -- 8.2.4 Chemical Modification of Poly((2-dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate) Brushes -- 8.2.5 Bulk Synthesis of PDMAEMA -- 8.2.6 Preparation of Spuncast PDMAEMA Films -- 8.2.7 Chemical Modification of Spuncast PDMAEMA Film -- 8.2.8 Spectroscopic Ellipsometry Measurements under Controlled Humidity Conditions -- 8.2.9 Spectroscopic Ellipsometry Measurements of Alcohol Exposure -- 8.2.10 Fitting Spectroscopic Ellipsometry Data -- 8.2.11 Infrared Variable Angle Spectroscopic Ellipsometry -- 8.3 Results and Discussion -- 8.3.1 Comparing Polymer Brush and Spuncast Polymer Film Swelling -- 8.3.2 Influence of Side Chain Chemistry on Polymer Brush Vapor Swelling -- 8.3.3 Influence of Solvent Vapor Chemistry on Polymer Brush Vapor Swelling
• 11.2 Results and Discussion -- 11.2.1 Synthesis of Glycopolymer Brushes -- 11.2.2 Applications of Glycopolymer Brushes -- 11.3 Conclusions -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 12 Thermoresponsive Polymer Brushes for Thermally Modulated Cell Adhesion and Detachment -- 12.1 Introduction -- 12.2 Thermoresponsive Polymer Hydrogel-Modified Surfaces for Cell Adhesion and Detachment -- 12.3 Thermoresponsive Polymer Brushes Prepared Using ATRP -- 12.4 Thermoresponsive Polymer Brushes Prepared by RAFT Polymerization -- 12.5 Conclusions -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Polymer and Biopolymer Brushes -- Contents -- Preface -- List of Contributors -- 13 Biomimetic Anchors for Antifouling Polymer Brush Coatings -- 13.1 Introduction to Biofouling Management -- 13.2 Polymer Brushes for Surface Functionalization -- 13.3 Biomimetic Anchors for Antifouling Polymer Brushes -- 13.3.1 Mussel Adhesive-Inspired Dopamine Anchors -- 13.3.2 (Poly)phenolic Anchors for Antifouling Polymer Brushes -- 13.3.3 Biomolecular Anchors for Antifouling Polymer Brushes -- 13.3.4 Barnacle Cement as Anchor for Antifouling PolymerBrushes -- 13.4 Conclusion and Outlooks -- References -- 14 Protein Adsorption Process Based on Molecular Interactions at Well-Defined Polymer Brush Surfaces -- 14.1 Introduction -- 14.2 Utility of Polymer Brush Layers as Highly Controllable Polymer Surfaces -- 14.3 Performance of Polymer Brush Surfaces as Antifouling Biointerfaces -- 14.4 Elucidation of Protein Adsorption Based on Molecular Interaction Forces -- 14.5 Concluding Remarks -- References -- 15 Are Lubricious Polymer Brushes Antifouling? Are Antifouling Polymer Brushes Lubricious? -- 15.1 Introduction -- 15.2 Poly(ethylene glycol) Brushes -- 15.3 Beyond Simple PEG Brushes -- 15.4 Conclusion -- References -- 16 Biofunctionalized Brush Surfaces for Biomolecular Sensing -- 16.1 Introduction
• 16.2 Biorecognition Units
• 8.3.4 Influence of Grafting Density on Polymer Brush Vapor Swelling -- 8.4 Conclusion -- 8.A.1 Appendix -- 8.A.1.1 Mole Fraction Calculation -- 8.A.1.2 Water Cluster Number Calculation -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 9 Temperature Dependence of the Swelling and Surface Wettability of Dense Polymer Brushes -- 9.1 Introduction -- 9.2 The Swelling Coefficient of a Polymer Brush Mirrors Its Volume Hydrophilicity -- 9.3 The Cosine of the Contact Angle of Water on a Water-Equilibrated Polymer Brush Defines Its Surface Hydrophilicity -- 9.4 Case Study: Temperature-Dependent Surface hydrophilicity of Dense PNIPAM Brushes -- 9.5 Case Study: Temperature-Dependent Swelling and Volume Hydrophilicity of Dense PNIPAM Brushes -- 9.6 Thermoresponsive Poly(oligo(ethylene oxide)methacrylate) Copolymer Brushes: Versatile Functional Alternatives to PNIPAM -- 9.7 Surface and Volume Hydrophilicity of Nonthermoresponsive Poly(oligo(ethylene oxide)methacrylate) Copolymer Brushes -- 9.8 Conclusions -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 10 Functional Biointerfaces Tailored by "Grafting-To" Brushes -- 10.1 Introduction -- 10.2 Part I: Polymer Brush Architectures -- 10.2.1 Design of Physicochemical Interfaces by Polymer Brushes -- 10.2.1 Design of Physicochemical Interfaces by Polymer Brushes -- 10.2.2 Modification of Polymer Brushes by Click Chemistry -- 10.2.2 Modification of Polymer Brushes by Click Chemistry -- 10.2.3 Hybrid Brush Nanostructures -- 10.2.3 Hybrid Brush Nanostructures -- 10.3 Part II: Actuating Biomolecule Interactions with Surfaces -- 10.3.1 Adsorption of Proteins to Polymer Brush Surfaces -- 10.3.2 Polymer Brushes as Interfaces for Cell Adhesion and Interaction -- 10.4 Conclusion and Outlook -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 11 Glycopolymer Brushes Presenting Sugars in Their Natural Form: Synthesis and Applications -- 11.1 Introduction and Background