Sensors in the Age of the Internet of Things Technologies and applications

The IoT is the inter-networking of connected and smart devices, buildings, vehicles and other items which are embedded with electronics, software, sensors, actuators, and network connectivity that enable these objects to collect and exchange data. A sensor is a detection device that measures, record...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors Postolache, Octavian Adrian, Sazonov, Edward, Mukhopadhyay, Subbas Chandra
Format eBook
LanguageEnglish
Published Stevenage The Institution of Engineering and Technology 2019
Institution of Engineering and Technology (The IET)
Institution of Engineering & Technology
Institution of Engineering and Technology
Edition1
SeriesControl, robotics and sensors series
Subjects
Computer Hardware Engineering
Detectors
Electronics & Semiconductors
Electronics engineering
Internet of things
Networks & Sensors
Sensors
Sensors Technology
TECHNOLOGY & ENGINEERING
radio networks
telecommunication congestion control
wireless sensor networks
data analysis
production engineering computing
logistics
local area networks
sea ports
Internet of Things
signalling protocols
Online AccessGet full text
ISBN9781785616341
178561634X
DOI10.1049/PBCE122E

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Table of Contents:
  • Chapter 1: The Internet of things: a survey and outlook -- Chapter 2: Sensors for the Internet of things -- Chapter 3: Sensor communication interfaces and standards -- Chapter 4: Multisensor IoT interface with Bluetooth Low Energy -- Chapter 5: Fog computing middleware for distributed cooperative data analytics -- Chapter 6: IoT-enabled water monitoring and control for smart city -- Chapter 7: IoT for smart homes -- Chapter 8: Wireless sensor network for landslide early warning and monitoring -- Chapter 9: Industrial Internet of the things -- Chapter 10: Internet of things for cargo ports
  • Title Page Table of Contents 1. The Internet of Things: A Survey and Outlook 2. Sensors for the Internet of Things 3. Sensor Communication Interfaces and Standards 4. Multisensor IoT Interface with Bluetooth Low Energy 5. Fog Computing Middleware for Distributed Cooperative Data Analytics 6. IoT-Enabled Water Monitoring and Control for Smart City 7. IoT for Smart Homes 8. Wireless Sensor Network for Landslide Early Warning and Monitoring 9. Industrial Internet of the Things 10. Internet of Things for Cargo Ports Index
  • 3.2.8 Opinion about the IEEE 1451 standard -- 3.3 OPC platform -- 3.3.1 OPC data access -- 3.3.2 OPC alarms and events -- 3.3.3 OPC historical data access -- 3.3.4 OPC unified architecture -- 3.3.5 Opinion about the OPC platform -- 3.4 Conclusion -- Abbreviations and symbols -- References -- 4 Multisensor IoT interface with Bluetooth Low Energy / Nagaraj Hegde, Matthew Bries, and Edward Sazonov -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Materials and methods -- 4.2.1 Application scenario -- 4.2.2 Proposed SASC methodology -- 4.3 Testing scenarios -- 4.3.1 Test sensor description -- 4.3.2 IoT Hub description -- 4.3.3 Free-living validation of the proposed SASC methodology -- 4.3.4 Benchmarking tests of the proposed SASC methodology -- 4.4 Results -- 4.4.1 Free-living validation of SASC methodology -- 4.4.2 Per cent data retrieval and throughput evaluation -- 4.4.3 CPU loading and power consumption profiling -- 4.5 Discussion -- 4.6 Conclusion -- Authors' contributions -- Conflicts of interest -- References -- 5. Fog computing middleware for distributed cooperative data analytics / Maria Valero, Jose Clemente, and WenZhan Song -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Distributed cooperative data analytics -- 5.2.1 Challenges and solutions -- 5.3 Fog computing middleware architecture -- 5.3.1 Database -- 5.3.2 Library manager and adaptor -- 5.3.3 Processing unit -- 5.3.4 Middleware visualizer -- 5.4 Fog computing middleware formulation and modes of operation -- 5.4.1 Cooperation mode -- 5.4.2 Task-sharing mode -- 5.5 Case studies in subsurface imaging -- 5.5.1 Case 1: travel-time location -- 5.5.2 Case 2: ambient noise tomography -- 5.5.3 Decentralized algorithms -- 5.6 Middleware evaluation -- 5.6.1 Equipment -- 5.6.2 Datasets -- 5.6.3 Analytics processing -- 5.6.4 Results visualization on DCDA middleware -- 5.6.5 Middleware versus central approaches time evaluation
  • Intro -- Contents -- 1. The Internet of things: a survey and outlook / Giovanni Perrone, Massimo Vecchio, Javier Del Ser, Fabio Antonelli, and Vivart Kapoor -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 Communication and transport technologies -- 1.2.1 Short range -- 1.2.2 Long range -- 1.3 Data protocols -- 1.3.1 Hypertext transfer protocol -- 1.3.2 Constrained application protocol -- 1.3.3 Message queuing telemetry transport and MQTT-SN -- 1.3.4 Extensible messaging and presence protocol -- 1.4 IoT platforms -- 1.4.1 Technical aspects -- 1.4.2 Commercial and business aspect -- 1.4.3 Commercial or open-source -- 1.5 Future directions and challenges -- 1.5.1 Fog/Edge/Cloud computing -- 1.5.2 Ultra-reliable low latency communications (URLLC) and tactile Internet -- 1.5.3 Embeddable artificial intelligence -- 1.5.4 Secure communications -- 1.5.5 Enhanced energy efficiency and autonomy -- 1.5.6 (Big) Stream analytics -- 1.5.7 Conclusions -- References -- 2. Sensors for the Internet of things / Francisco Javier Ferrero Martin -- 2.1 Sensor, smart sensor and IoT sensor -- 2.2 Sensor classification -- 2.2.1 According to the output signal -- 2.2.2 According to the excitation method -- 2.2.3 According to the variable parameter -- 2.2.4 According to the measured magnitude -- 2.3 Sensor characteristics -- 2.4 Applications and manufactures of IoT sensors -- 2.5 Temperature sensors -- 2.6 Humidity sensors -- 2.7 Pressure sensors -- 2.8 Motion sensors -- 2.9 Gas sensors -- 2.10 Optical sensors -- 2.11 Ultrasonic sensors -- 2.12 Conclusions -- References -- 3. Sensor communication interfaces and standards / Vıtor Viegas and Jose Miguel Dias Pereira -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 IEEE 1451 standard -- 3.2.1 The 1451.0 clause -- 3.2.2 The 1451.2 clause -- 3.2.3 The 1451.3 clause -- 3.2.4 The 1451.4 clause -- 3.2.5 The 1451.5 clause -- 3.2.6 The 1451.7 clause -- 3.2.7 The 1451.1 clause
  • 5.6.6 Scalability, robustness and flexibility -- 5.6.7 Energy consumption -- 5.6.8 Communication cost -- 5.7 Opportunities -- 5.8 Conclusion -- References -- 6. IoT-enabled water monitoring and control for smart city / Joyanta Kumar Roy -- 6.1 The concept of smart city -- 6.2 The water management in a smart city -- 6.2.1 The water contamination -- 6.2.2 The conventional water treatment plant -- 6.3 Industry 4.0 -- 6.4 Internet of things -- 6.4.1 Physical design of IoT -- 6.4.2 Interfacing sensors to IoT -- 6.4.3 Sensors for water quality and hydraulic parameters -- 6.4.4 Embedded controllers for smart water quality monitoring -- 6.5 Hardware and software security in industrial IoT -- 6.5.1 Software-based IoT security -- 6.5.2 Hardware-based IoT security -- 6.6 Water monitoring, SCADA and IoT in water sector -- 6.6.1 Some earlier work on ICT/IoT-based water surveillance -- 6.6.2 Smart water supply project: design consideration -- 6.6.3 The leak detection to minimize nonrevenue water in smart water grid -- 6.7 Conclusion -- References -- 7. IoT for smart homes / Anindya Nag, Md. Eshrat E. Alahi, Nasrin Afsarimanesh, Sumedha Prabhu, and Subhas Chandra Mukhopadhyay -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 IoT-based smart homes -- 7.2.1 Models for smart homes -- 7.2.2 Communication protocols in smart homes -- 7.2.3 Architecture of smart homes -- 7.2.4 Security in smart homes -- 7.3 Potential sensors for smart homes -- 7.4 Challenges and future opportunities -- References -- 8. Wireless sensor network for landslide early warning and monitoring / Cristian Fosalau and Cristian Zet -- 8.1 Landslides: phenomenon, triggering mechanisms and monitoring techniques -- 8.2 WSN setup -- 8.2.1 Network architecture -- 8.2.2 Hierarchical levels -- 8.3 Communication protocols within the landslide monitoring WSN -- 8.3.1 Protocol implementation for an end node
  • 10.5 Conclusions -- References -- Index
  • 8.3.2 Protocol implementation for a router node -- 8.3.3 Protocol implementation for the coordinator -- 8.4 Hardware components of the WSN -- 8.4.1 Measurement node structure -- 8.4.2 Measurement point -- 8.4.3 Highly sensitive strain gauges -- 8.4.4 Pore water pressure sensor -- 8.4.5 Processing and communication module -- 8.4.6 Coordinator -- 8.5 Considerations regarding the power consumption -- 8.5.1 Power consumption at MP level -- 8.5.2 Power consumption at PCM level -- 8.6 In-field deployment and data presentation -- 8.6.1 One year recordings using the WSN -- 8.6.2 Graphic user interface -- 8.7 Conclusions -- References -- 9. Industrial Internet of the things / Jose Miguel Dias Pereira and Vitor Viegas -- 9.1 OSI model -- 9.2 Industrial protocols: from current loops to fieldbuses -- 9.2.1 Current loops -- 9.2.2 HART -- 9.2.3 Foundation fieldbus -- 9.3 Industrial Ethernet -- 9.3.1 Real time -- 9.3.2 Collision avoidance and synchronization -- 9.4 Time-sensitive networking -- 9.5 Industrial Internet of the things -- 9.5.1 Smart factory -- 9.5.2 Wireless protocols -- 9.5.3 5G networks -- 9.5.4 IPv6 and security -- 9.6 Conclusions -- Abbreviations and symbols -- References -- 10. Internet of things for cargo ports / Yongsheng Yang, Meisu Zhong, Haiqing Yao, Fang Yu, Xiuwen Fu, Chao Mi, and Octavian Postolache -- 10.1 Introduction -- 10.2 Port objects/things and their roles -- 10.2.1 Hinterland -- 10.2.2 Logistic centre -- 10.2.3 Carousel and carriers -- 10.2.4 Cranes -- 10.2.5 Containers -- 10.2.6 Buffer zones -- 10.2.7 Storage area -- 10.3 Measurements -- 10.3.1 The sea gauges and weather conditions -- 10.3.2 Position and displacement detection -- 10.3.3 Velocity and acceleration detection -- 10.3.4 Chemical, biological and radiation sensors -- 10.3.5 Port infrastructure and machinery health monitoring -- 10.4 IoT for cargo ports