Microcrystalline Cellulose from Aloe Plant Waste as a Platform for Green Materials: Preparation, Chemical Functionalization, and Application in 3D Printing
Aloe represents a valuable resource for the Mediterranean economy; the pharmaceutical and nutraceutical industries exploit the Aloe gel for several applications, but about 45 wt % of the Aloe plant, i.e., the leaf peel, is waste. This waste is usually disposed off in a landfill or used as a fertiliz...
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Published in | ACS applied polymer materials Vol. 6; no. 12; pp. 6926 - 6936 |
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Main Authors | , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
American Chemical Society
28.06.2024
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Subjects | |
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Abstract | Aloe represents a valuable resource for the Mediterranean economy; the pharmaceutical and nutraceutical industries exploit the Aloe gel for several applications, but about 45 wt % of the Aloe plant, i.e., the leaf peel, is waste. This waste is usually disposed off in a landfill or used as a fertilizer. The possibility to give added value and a second life to the portions of Aloe Vera waste will help this growing market enter a circular economy perspective. In this work, waste collected from the local Sardinian cultivation of Aloe Vera was employed to prepare microcrystalline cellulose (MCC). Cellulose was purified from anthraquinones, lignin, and hemicellulose through hydrolytic procedures using eco-friendly solvents. Anthraquinone biocomponents, as well as lignin and hemicellulose, were quantified and intended for other valorization processes. At the same time, the cellulose fraction was further converted into MCC and characterized by NMR and infrared spectroscopy and X-ray analyses. TGA-IR and SEM microscopy analyses were performed to investigate the structural changes of MCC during the extraction and postfunctionalization processes. MCC derivatives were finally used as cross-linkers in the photopolymerization and light-induced 3D printing (VAT printing) of acrylic monomers and hydrogels. |
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AbstractList | Aloe represents a valuable resource for the Mediterranean economy; the pharmaceutical and nutraceutical industries exploit the Aloe gel for several applications, but about 45 wt % of the Aloe plant, i.e., the leaf peel, is waste. This waste is usually disposed off in a landfill or used as a fertilizer. The possibility to give added value and a second life to the portions of Aloe Vera waste will help this growing market enter a circular economy perspective. In this work, waste collected from the local Sardinian cultivation of Aloe Vera was employed to prepare microcrystalline cellulose (MCC). Cellulose was purified from anthraquinones, lignin, and hemicellulose through hydrolytic procedures using eco-friendly solvents. Anthraquinone biocomponents, as well as lignin and hemicellulose, were quantified and intended for other valorization processes. At the same time, the cellulose fraction was further converted into MCC and characterized by NMR and infrared spectroscopy and X-ray analyses. TGA-IR and SEM microscopy analyses were performed to investigate the structural changes of MCC during the extraction and postfunctionalization processes. MCC derivatives were finally used as cross-linkers in the photopolymerization and light-induced 3D printing (VAT printing) of acrylic monomers and hydrogels. |
Author | Martis, Alberto Roppolo, Ignazio Dessi, Debora Zanon, Michael Ennas, Guido Secci, Francesco Kahnamoei, Keivan Guido Chiappone, Annalisa Piras, Maria Vittoria Cabizza, Alessandra Corrias, Francesco Pirri, Candido Fabrizio Cabua, Maria Chiara Sarais, Giorgia |
AuthorAffiliation | Lab7 Srl Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche Politecnico di Torino Center for Sustainable Future Technologies (CSFT)@Polito Dipartimento di Scienza Applicata e Tecnologia Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell’Ambiente |
AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell’Ambiente – name: Dipartimento di Scienza Applicata e Tecnologia – name: Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche – name: Lab7 Srl – name: Politecnico di Torino – name: Center for Sustainable Future Technologies (CSFT)@Polito |
Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Maria Chiara surname: Cabua fullname: Cabua, Maria Chiara organization: Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche – sequence: 2 givenname: Maria Vittoria surname: Piras fullname: Piras, Maria Vittoria organization: Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche – sequence: 3 givenname: Debora surname: Dessi fullname: Dessi, Debora organization: Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell’Ambiente – sequence: 4 givenname: Giorgia surname: Sarais fullname: Sarais, Giorgia organization: Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell’Ambiente – sequence: 5 givenname: Francesco surname: Corrias fullname: Corrias, Francesco organization: Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell’Ambiente – sequence: 6 givenname: Michael surname: Zanon fullname: Zanon, Michael organization: Center for Sustainable Future Technologies (CSFT)@Polito – sequence: 7 givenname: Keivan Guido surname: Kahnamoei fullname: Kahnamoei, Keivan Guido organization: Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche – sequence: 8 givenname: Alberto surname: Martis fullname: Martis, Alberto organization: Center for Sustainable Future Technologies (CSFT)@Polito – sequence: 9 givenname: Guido surname: Ennas fullname: Ennas, Guido organization: Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche – sequence: 10 givenname: Ignazio orcidid: 0000-0001-7602-4015 surname: Roppolo fullname: Roppolo, Ignazio organization: Politecnico di Torino – sequence: 11 givenname: Candido Fabrizio surname: Pirri fullname: Pirri, Candido Fabrizio organization: Politecnico di Torino – sequence: 12 givenname: Alessandra surname: Cabizza fullname: Cabizza, Alessandra organization: Lab7 Srl – sequence: 13 givenname: Annalisa orcidid: 0000-0003-4651-1140 surname: Chiappone fullname: Chiappone, Annalisa organization: Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche – sequence: 14 givenname: Francesco orcidid: 0000-0003-0443-2890 surname: Secci fullname: Secci, Francesco email: fsecci@unica.it organization: Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche |
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Title | Microcrystalline Cellulose from Aloe Plant Waste as a Platform for Green Materials: Preparation, Chemical Functionalization, and Application in 3D Printing |
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