Neutralizing Antibodies and Their Role in Health and Disease

• Main Author: Shen, Chenguang
• Format: eBook
• Language: English
• Published: New York Nova Science Publishers, Incorporated 2024; Nova Medicine and Health
• Edition: 1
• Series: Immunology and Immune System Disorders
• Subjects: Immunologic diseases-Treatment; Monoclonal antibodies

As of July 2023, 209 monoclonal antibody drugs have been approved by the FDA for marketing use, which are widely distributed in the fight against immune diseases, infectious diseases, and neurological and metabolic diseases. In this book, we introduce current monoclonal drug development techniques,...

Table of Contents:

• Small Interfering RNAs (siRNAs) -- Immunotoxins -- Drug Molecules -- Vaccine Antigens -- Nanobody Targeting Receptor Proteins -- Nanobody Targeting of Pathogens -- Norovirus -- Plasmodium Falciparum -- Listeria Monocytogenes -- HIV -- HPV -- Other Pathogens -- Nanobody Binding Regulators -- Conclusion -- References -- Index -- Blank Page
• Neutralizing by Viral Capsid Stabilization -- Inducing Conformational Changes of Virions via Functional Mimicry -- Destabilizing the Capsid and Inducing Virion Disruption -- Fc-Dependent Effector Functions -- Structural Basis for the Synergistic Neutralization -- Conclusion and Future Perspectives -- Acknowledgments -- Competing Interests -- References -- Chapter 4 -- Neutralizing Antibodies against Herpesvirus Entry Complex and Fusogen -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Neutralizing Antibodies Targeting Entry Complex -- Neutralizing Antibodies Targeting Alpha-Herpesvirus Entry Complex -- Neutralizing Antibodies Targeting Beta-Herpesvirus Entry Complex -- Neutralizing Antibodies Targeting Gamma-Herpesvirus Entry Complex -- Neutralizing Antibodies against Fusogen gB -- Neutralizing Antibodies against HSV and VZV gB -- Neutralizing Antibodies against HCMV gB -- Neutralizing Antibodies against EBV gB -- Discussion -- References -- Chapter 5 -- Recent Advances in Hepatitis Virus Neutralizing Antibody Research -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Hepatitis Viruses and Their Global Impact -- Significance of NAbs in Viral infections -- Mechanisms of Viral Neutralization -- Viral Entry and the Role of NAbs -- Antibody-Mediated Viral Clearance and Immune Response -- Hepatitis A Virus (HAV) -- Epidemiology and Clinical Manifestations -- NAbs Targeting HAV -- HAV Vaccine and Remaining Challenges -- Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) -- HBV Infection and Disease Burden -- NAbs against HBV -- Monoclonal Antibodies (MAbs) as Therapeutic Agents -- Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) -- HCV Infection and Chronicity -- NAbs in HCV Research -- Broadly NAbs and Their Potential -- Hepatitis D Virus (HDV) -- HDV and Its Unique Characteristics -- NAbs against HDV -- Therapeutic Implications and Future Prospects -- Hepatitis E Virus (HEV) -- HEV Infection and Global Distribution -- NAbs Targeting HEV
• Intro -- Preface -- Chapter 1 -- Monoclonal Antibody Development Technology for Important Human Diseases -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Analytical Framework -- Hybridoma Technology -- Phage Display Technology -- B Cell Cloning and Amplification Technique -- Identification and Isolation Of Individual B Cells -- Cloning and Amplification of Antibody Genes from Single Cells -- In Vitro Stimulation and Culture of B Cells -- Humanization of Antibodies -- Methods -- Single B Cell Sorting -- B Cell Culture -- Antibody Gene Amplification -- ELISA Detection of Antibody Binding Activity -- Antibody Affinity Detection - Bio-Layer Interferometry -- Microneutralization Assay -- Animal Protection Experiment -- Specific Antibody Epitope Mapping -- Virus Mechanism Identification -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 2 -- Delivery and Therapeutic Application of Neutralizing Antibodies -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Mechanism of Action and Classification of NAbs -- Mechanism of Action of NAbs -- Classification of NAbs -- Delivery Platforms for Neutralizing NAbs -- Adeno-Associated Virus-Based Delivery Platforms for NAbs -- Liposomal Nanoparticles as a Delivery Platform for NAbs -- Exosomes as a Delivery Platform for NAbs -- Immune Cells as a Delivery Platform for NAbs -- Administration Routes of NAbs -- Intravenous Administration -- Intramuscular Administration -- Nasal Administration -- Transoral Nebulized Inhalation -- Intrathecal Administration -- Subcutaneous and Lens Administration -- Therapeutic Application of NAbs -- Application of NAbs in Infectious Diseases -- Application of NAbs to Treat Cancers -- Application of NAbs to Treat Inflammatory and Other Diseases -- Conclusion -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 3 -- Neutralizing Antibodies against Enterovirus: Recent Advances and Future Challenges -- Abstract -- Introduction
• Vaccine Development and Challenges -- Challenges and Future Directions -- Immune Escape and Resistance to NAbs -- Combination Therapies and Novel Treatment Approaches -- Emerging Technologies and Their Impact on Antibody Research -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 6 -- Research Progress on Neutralizing Antibodies against Orthopoxvirus: Insights for Monkeypox Prevention and Treatment -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Epidemiology -- Monkeypox Virus -- Immune Response -- Innate Immunity -- Adaptive Immunity -- Cross-Reactivity and Protective Efficacy of Orthopoxvirus Neutralizing Monoclonal Antibodies Across Species -- Mechanism of Neutralizing Antibodies -- Targeting of MV Particles for Neutralization -- Targeting of EV Particles for Neutralization -- Cross-Protection by Antibodies and Vaccines -- Conclusion and Outlook -- References -- Chapter 7 -- Development of Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Neutralizing Antibodies -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Development and Mechanism of Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Neutralizing Antibodies -- Recognition Sites and Classification Features of Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Neutralizing Antibodies -- Challenges of Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Neutralizing Antibodies -- Future Directions for the Development of Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Neutralizing Antibodies -- References -- Chapter 8 -- A Possible Treatment Option for COVID-19: The Inflammatory Factor Antibodies -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Systemic Inflammatory Reaction in COVID-19 -- Anti IL-1 Antibodies -- Anti IL-6 Antibodies -- Anti-IFN-γ Antibodies -- Discussion -- References -- Biographical Sketch -- Chapter 9 -- Nanobodies in Human Infectious Diseases: A Comprehensive Review of Research and Applications -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Characteristics of Nanobody -- Construction of Nanobody Library -- Production Systems for Nanobodies -- Multivalent Constructs of Nanobodies -- Nanobody Conjugates and Combinations