Radar Sea Clutter Modelling and target detection
The first maritime surveillance radars in World War II quickly discovered that returns from the sea, soon to be known as sea clutter, were often the limiting factor when attempting to detect small targets while controlling false alarms. This remains true for modern radars, where the detection of sma...
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| Main Authors | , |
|---|---|
| Format | eBook |
| Language | English |
| Published |
Stevenage
The Institution of Engineering and Technology
2022
Institution of Engineering and Technology (The IET) Institution of Engineering & Technology SciTech Publishing Institution of Engineering and Technology |
| Edition | 1 |
| Series | Radar, Sonar and Navigation |
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISBN | 1785619136 9781785619137 |
| DOI | 10.1049/SBRA530E |
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| Abstract | The first maritime surveillance radars in World War II quickly discovered that returns from the sea, soon to be known as sea clutter, were often the limiting factor when attempting to detect small targets while controlling false alarms. This remains true for modern radars, where the detection of small, slow moving targets on a rough sea surface remains one of the main drivers for maritime radar design, particularly in the development of detection processing.
The design, development and testing of radar signal processing for maritime surveillance requires a very detailed understanding of the characteristics of radar sea clutter and of the combined target and clutter returns. This book provides an updated and comprehensive review of the latest research into radar sea clutter and detection methods for targets in sea clutter. The emphasis is on understanding the characteristics of radar sea clutter as observed with different radars, viewing geometries and environmental conditions. This understanding is assisted by the development of mathematical models that are used in the radar design process.
In recent years there has been an increased interest in operating at higher altitudes, resulting in the sea surface being illuminated with larger grazing angles than used in traditional airborne surveillance platforms or ground-based systems. There has also been significant research into bistatic operation, including passive radars using illuminators of opportunity. The use of coherent and multi-aperture systems in maritime radar are also of increasing interest and these new application areas are also covered in this book. |
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| AbstractList | The first maritime surveillance radars in World War II quickly discovered that returns from the sea, soon to be known as sea clutter, were often the limiting factor when attempting to detect small targets while controlling false alarms. This remains true for modern radars, where the detection of small, slow moving targets on a rough sea surface remains one of the main drivers for maritime radar design, particularly in the development of detection processing.
The design, development and testing of radar signal processing for maritime surveillance requires a very detailed understanding of the characteristics of radar sea clutter and of the combined target and clutter returns. This book provides an updated and comprehensive review of the latest research into radar sea clutter and detection methods for targets in sea clutter. The emphasis is on understanding the characteristics of radar sea clutter as observed with different radars, viewing geometries and environmental conditions. This understanding is assisted by the development of mathematical models that are used in the radar design process.
In recent years there has been an increased interest in operating at higher altitudes, resulting in the sea surface being illuminated with larger grazing angles than used in traditional airborne surveillance platforms or ground-based systems. There has also been significant research into bistatic operation, including passive radars using illuminators of opportunity. The use of coherent and multi-aperture systems in maritime radar are also of increasing interest and these new application areas are also covered in this book. This book presents comprehensive coverage of new research into sea clutter characterisation and modelling, radar performance prediction and maritime target detection. The book also includes a summary of sea-clutter scattering characteristics and datasets provided that can be used for modelling. The first maritime surveillance radars in World War II quickly discovered that returns from the sea, soon to be known as sea clutter, were often the limiting factor when attempting to detect small targets while controlling false alarms. This remains true for modern radars, where the detection of small, slow moving targets on a rough sea surface remains one of the main drivers for maritime radar design, particularly in the development of detection processing. The design, development and testing of radar signal processing for maritime surveillance requires a very detailed understanding of the characteristics of radar sea clutter and of the combined target and clutter returns. This book provides an updated and comprehensive review of the latest research into radar sea clutter and detection methods for targets in sea clutter. The emphasis is on understanding the characteristics of radar sea clutter as observed with different radars, viewing geometries and environmental conditions. The first maritime surveillance radars in World War II quickly discovered that returns from the sea, soon to be known as sea clutter, were often the limiting factor when attempting to detect small targets while controlling false alarms. This remains true for modern radars, where the detection of small, slow moving targets on a rough sea surface remains one of the main drivers for maritime radar design, particularly in the development of detection processing.The design, development and testing of radar signal processing for maritime surveillance requires a very detailed understanding of the characteristics of radar sea clutter and of the combined target and clutter returns. This book provides an updated and comprehensive review of the latest research into radar sea clutter and detection methods for targets in sea clutter. The emphasis is on understanding the characteristics of radar sea clutter as observed with different radars, viewing geometries and environmental conditions. This understanding is assisted by the development of mathematical models that are used in the radar design process.In recent years there has been an increased interest in operating at higher altitudes, resulting in the sea surface being illuminated with larger grazing angles than used in traditional airborne surveillance platforms or ground-based systems. There has also been significant research into bistatic operation, including passive radars using illuminators of opportunity. The use of coherent and multi-aperture systems in maritime radar are also of increasing interest and these new application areas are also covered in this book. |
| Author | Rosenberg, Luke Watts, Simon |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Luke surname: Rosenberg fullname: Rosenberg, Luke organization: University of Adelaide, Australia – sequence: 2 givenname: Simon surname: Watts fullname: Watts, Simon organization: University College London, Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, UK |
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| Copyright | 2022 |
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| DOI | 10.1049/SBRA530E |
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| PublicationSeriesTitle | Radar, Sonar and Navigation |
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| Publisher | The Institution of Engineering and Technology Institution of Engineering and Technology (The IET) Institution of Engineering & Technology SciTech Publishing Institution of Engineering and Technology |
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| Snippet | The first maritime surveillance radars in World War II quickly discovered that returns from the sea, soon to be known as sea clutter, were often the limiting... This book presents comprehensive coverage of new research into sea clutter characterisation and modelling, radar performance prediction and maritime target... |
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| SubjectTerms | Aerospace & Radar Technology Incoherent scatter radar Radar Radar & Navigation Systems Radar in navigation TECHNOLOGY & ENGINEERING |
| Subtitle | Modelling and target detection |
| TableOfContents | Chapter 1: Introduction -- Chapter 2: Monostatic sea clutter -- Chapter 3: Bistatic sea clutter -- Chapter 4: Parametric modelling -- Chapter 5: Sea clutter simulation -- Chapter 6: Performance prediction modelling -- Chapter 7: Maritime target detection techniques -- Chapter 8: New approaches for target detection -- Appendix A: Goodness of fit metrics -- Appendix B: Bimodal parameters for the evolving Doppler spectrum -- Appendix C: Atmospheric and precipitation losses Title Page List of Symbols List of Acronyms Table of Contents 1. Introduction 2. Monostatic Sea Clutter 3. Bistatic Sea Clutter 4. Parametric Modelling 5. Sea Clutter Simulation 6. Performance Prediction Modelling 7. Maritime Target Detection Techniques 8. New Approaches for Target Detection Appendices Index Intro -- Contents -- About the authors -- Acknowledgements -- List of symbols -- List of acronyms -- 1. Introduction -- 1.1 Prologue -- 1.2 Maritime surveillance radars -- 1.3 The sea surface -- 1.4 Clutter characteristics -- 1.5 Sea clutter modelling -- 1.6 Data sets -- 1.7 Book outline -- References -- 2. Monostatic sea clutter -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Mean backscatter -- 2.3 Amplitude distributions -- 2.4 Sea-spike characteristics -- 2.5 Doppler characteristics -- 2.6 Texture correlation -- References -- 3. Bistatic sea clutter -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Bistatic geometry -- 3.3 Active bistatic radar -- 3.4 Passive bistatic radar -- 3.5 Discussion on bistatic sea clutter -- References -- 4. Parametric modelling -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Monostatic mean backscatter -- 4.3 Bistatic mean reflectivity -- 4.4 K-Distribution shape -- 4.5 Doppler spectrum -- 4.6 Spatial correlation -- References -- 5. Sea clutter simulation -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Uniform Doppler spectrum -- 5.3 Evolving Doppler spectrum -- 5.4 Other simulation algorithms -- References -- 6. Performance prediction modelling -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Radar range equation -- 6.3 Non-coherent processing -- 6.4 Coherent processing -- 6.5 Assessing end-to-end radar performance -- References -- 7. Maritime target detection techniques -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 Non-coherent detection -- 7.3 Pareto CFAR detectors -- 7.4 Coherent detection -- 7.5 Detection in heterogeneous environments -- References -- 8. New approaches for target detection -- 8.1 Time/frequency target separation -- 8.2 Sparse signal separation -- 8.3 Dictionary learning -- 8.4 Track before detect -- References -- Appendix A: Goodness of fit metrics -- A.1 Chi-square test -- A.2 Kolmogorov-Smirnov test -- A.3 Bhattacharyya distance -- A.4 Threshold error -- References Appendix B: Bimodal parameters for the evolving Doppler spectrum -- References -- Appendix C: Atmospheric and precipitation losses -- References -- Index |
| Title | Radar Sea Clutter |
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