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Insulin sensitivity is increased and fat oxidation after a high-fat meal is reduced in normal-weight healthy men with strong familial predisposition to overweight

by Giacco, R, OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether postprandial abnormalities of energy expenditure and/or lipid oxidation are present in healthy, normal-weight subjects with a strong family history of obesity and thus at high risk to become obese. DESIGN: Case-control study. SUBJECTS: A total of 16 young healthy men participated in the study. Eight subjects had both parents overweight (father's and mother's body mass index (BMI) >25 kg/m2) and eight had both parents with normal body weight (father's and mother's BMI<25 kg/m2, respectively). The group of subjects with overweight parents was similar to that with normal-weight parents (control group) in terms of BMI (23.7±1.7 vs 22.7±1.1 kg/m2) (M±s.d.) and fat-free body mass (FFM) (60.5±4.9 vs 58.4±2.0 kg), but was slightly older than the control group (25.4±3.3 vs 22.7±2.4 y; P<0.05). MEASUREMENTS: Energy expenditure (EE) was measured by indirect calorimetry, and blood samples were taken for the evaluation of metabolic variables in the fasting state and every hour for 8 h after a standard fat-rich meal (protein 15%, carbohydrate 34%, fat 51%, 4090 kJ). RESULTS: Fasting plasma glucose, cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, triglyceride, free fatty acid (FFA) and leptin concentrations were similar in both groups of participants, but subjects with overweight parents has significantly lower plasma insulin concentrations (5.11±0.51 vs 7.07±1.56 U/ml; P<0.007) and HOMA index of insulin resistance (1.1±0.1 vs 1.6±0.4; P<0.01). Postprandial plasma glucose, triglyceride, FFA and leptin concentrations were similar in the two groups, whereas insulin levels were significantly lower in the group with both parents overweight at 3, 5, 6, 7 and 8 h. Fasting and postprandial EE, and fasting lipid and carbohydrate oxidation were similar in both groups. On the contrary, postprandial carbohydrate oxidation (incremental area under curve) was significantly higher (196.2594.75 vs 75.8874.72 mg/kg FFM 8 h; P<0.007) and that of lipid oxidation lower (90.9380.32 vs 163.68108.22 mg/kg FFM 8 h; P<0.05) in the group of subjects with overweight parents. CONCLUSION: Normal-weight subjects with a strong family history of obesity present a reduced lipid oxidation in the postprandial period and a metabolic profile characterized by low plasma insulin levels and the HOMA index, which is compatible with increased insulin sensitivity. These metabolic characteristics may be considered as early predictors of weight gain and are probably genetically determined, Clemente, G, Busiello, L, Lasorella, G, Rivieccio, A.M, Rivellese, A.A, Riccardi, G
Published in International Journal of Obesity (01.07.2003)

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Nationals shut down Atlanta, helping Mets in playoff race

by Irvin, Jake, three relievers held the visitors to six hits, CJ Abrams hit a home run as the Washington Nationals defeated Atlanta, 5-1 on Wednesday night Irvin 10-12 went six innings, giving up two hits, one earned run, struck out five, walked oneThe Mets are now a game ahead of Atlanta for the last National League wild-card spotBefore the game, in another blow to its playoff hopes, Atlanta placed All-Star pitcher Reynaldo Lpez on the 15-day injured list with right shoulder inflammationLpez lasted only one inning the previous night in a 12-0 victory over the Nationals He left after throwing 25 pitches, 16 for strikes His fastball velocity, usually 96 mph, was in the 89-94 mph range Lpez has been a breakout performer for Atlanta, going 8-5 with a 203 ERA in 24 startsD-backs 14, Rangers 4 Ketel Marte homered, had four RBIs, Eugenio Suarez hit two homers for host Arizona The Diamondbacks won the season series between last year's World Series' teams 6-0, jumped on Cody Bradford 5-3 early in the series finale Randal Grichuk hit a two-run homer off the righthander in a three-run first inning, Suarez added a solo shot in the second, Marte hit his three-run shot in the fourth Adrian Del Castillo added a three-run shot in the fifth inning, Suarez closed out a 4-for-4 day with a solo shot in the seventh Arizona had a season-high 13 extra-base hits, 16 total, to tie San Diego for the top NL wild-card spotTigers 7, Rockies 4 Kerry Carpenter matched a career-high with four hits, host Detroit kept its improbable wild-card hopes alive Carpenter came up in the seventh needing a homer for the cycle, the first for a Tiger since Carlos Guillen in 2006, but hit an infield singlePirates 3, Marlins 1 Lefthander Bailey Falter carried a no-hitter into the seventh inning, host Pittsburgh swept the season series 7-0 Falter 8-7 allowed three walks before Jonah Bride dropped a single into leftfield with one out in the seventh The 27-year-old Falter gave up a leadoff single to Cristian Pache in the eighth before being pulled on 93 pitches 57 strikes after getting the first out with Kyle Stowers flying to center Guardians 6, White Sox 4 Lane Thomas had four RBIs, visiting Cleveland held on behind its bullpen for a three-game series sweep Austin Hedges added a solo home run for the AL-Central leading Guardians, who moved four games ahead of second-place Kansas City in the division, a half-game ahead of the Yankees for the best record in the American League Chicago dropped a franchise-record 15th straight at home, lost its 17th in 19 overall, was swept for the 24th time At 33-114, the White Sox are closing in on the post-1900 record for losses, 120 the 1962 Mets- AP
Published in Newsday (12.09.2024)
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